HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES

Mechanism of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on plant soil-borne disease

LU Jing-qian, LANG Jian-feng, YANG Qiu-xia, SHI Ming-wang

2021, 60(12): 5-9. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.001

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Plant soil-borne disease has become the main reason to limit the sustainable development of agriculture in China. With people's attention to food safety and environmental protection, biological control has become a research hotspot in the prevention and treatment of soil-borne diseases at home and abroad. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is a kind of biocontrol bacteria with broad spectrum of antifungal and bacterial activities, which can inhibit soil-borne plant diseases. In this paper, the biological control mechanism of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens was reviewed from the aspects of antagonism, growth promotion, competition and resistance induction, and the existing problems and the development direction in the future were expounded.

Effects of planting density on the agronomic traits and yield of potato varieties under the bean-potato-wheat three cropping model

DENG Jun-bo, LIU Xin, CHEN Yan, YANG Fang, WANG Ai-ai, HE Nian, WU Ji-ping

2021, 60(12): 10-13. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.002

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In order to explore the effects of planting density on agronomic traits and yield of different sweet potato varieties, the field experiment was conducted using sweet potato varieties of Longshu No.9, Xinxiang, Pushu No.32. Results showed that the variety characteristics were the key factors that determine the agronomic traits and yield of sweet potato varieties. Planting density had no significant impact on the above-ground agronomic traits of sweet potato varieties, but had a significant impact on sweet potato yield. Among them, Xinxiang had the highest yield and economic benefits at a planting density of 60 000 plants/hm², which were 18 706.44 kg/hm² and 16 901 yuan/hm², respectively; Longshu No.9 had the highest yield and economic benefits at a planting density of 67 500 plants/hm², which were 29 939.88 kg/hm² and 9 568 yuan/hm² respectively; Pushu No.32 has the highest yield at a planting density of 60 000 plants/hm² which was 18 706.44 kg/hm², but the economic benefits was negative. Therefore, the sweet potato variety Xinxiang under the bean-potato-wheat three-cropping system could have the highest yield and economic benefits at a planting density of 60 000 plants/hm² in Jianghan plain.

Study on photosynthesis,quality and yield of peanut under different times of irrigation

MA Qing-rong, LIU Rong-hua, QIN Fu-sheng, CHENG Lin, LI Tong-xiao, HU Cheng-da

2021, 60(12): 14-19. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.003

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Under natural conditions, the effects of different irrigation times on photosynthesis, yield and quality of peanut were studied. The results are as follows, compared with CK which is natural condition with two times irrigation, the net photosynthetic rate of T1 treatment which is light drought with one time of irrigation increase at first and then decrease, which is mainly caused by stomatal factors in the early stage, and stomatal factors and non stomatal factors work together in the late stage. The net photosynthetic rate of T2 treatment which is severe drought with no irrigation shows a fluctuation change of decline rise decline. The former decline is caused by stomatal factors, and the latter decline is caused by non-stomatal factors. The yield and its components of peanut except for the full fruit weight decrease with the increase of drought degree. For the T1 treatment, the 100-satiety seed weight increases by 5.43%, and the other yield components decrease in varying degrees. The yield and its components of T2 treatment decrease significantly, except the 100-satiety seed weight has no significant difference. With the increase of drought degree, the content of protein and amino acid increase significantly, while the content of oil and water decrease.

Analysis on the influence of monsoon climate on crop yield per unit area：A case study of Zhenning autonomous county

WEI Qi, WANG Hai

2021, 60(12): 20-24. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.004

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Based on the meteorological observations of annual mean temperature, annual rainfall, annual mean relative humidity, annual total sunshine hours, frost-free period and accumulated temperature and the statistical data of rice, wheat and maize yields from 1990 to 2012 in Zhenning autonomous county, the relationship between the yields of these three crops and these climatic factors was analyzed by using multiple linear regression model. The results showed that with the increase of rainfall, the yield of wheat decreased gradually, whereas the yield of rice and maize increased; The yield of the three crops was greatly affected by natural disasters; In the event of extreme weather, the planting structure of crops would appear relatively single situation.

Study on the improvement effect on acid soil and on the suitable dosage of Yishizhuang commercial organic fertilizer on potato

LUO Ke-wan, ZOU Ai-qing, ZHOU Fu-zhong

2021, 60(12): 25-30. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.005

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A field plot experiment was set to study the improvement effect of Yishizhuang commercial organic fertilizer on acid soil and the appropriate amount of it on potato. The results showed that the soil fertility was high, and the contribution rate ranged from 62.98% to 89.57%. It was completely feasible to replace part or even all chemical fertilizers with Yishizhuang commercial organic fertilizers.The combined application of the organic fertilizer and the formula fertilizer was better than the simple application of the organic fertilizer. The main performance was that the potato big potato rate was higher and the potato commodity quality and commodity rate were improved correspondingly. The quadratic and cubic regression equations of the amount of organic fertilizer and potato yields fitted by Excel reached extremely significant level. The maximum and optimal usage of the organic fertilizer on potatoes calculated by quadratic regression equation were 9 660 kg/hm² and 7 993 kg/hm², respectively. The highest and the most economic yield of potato were 33 314 kg/hm² and 32 897 kg/hm², respectively. The organic fertilizer had better effect on improving acidified soil. With the increase of the dosage, the soil pH and base saturation increased continuously. Exchangeable basic ions such as potassium, calcium and magnesium increased.However, the contents of exchangeable aluminum and available manganese in soil gradually decreased. It had certain effect on inhibiting the toxicity of aluminum and manganese in soil.

Study on the effect of intensive fertilizer production of three single types of greening wastes

SONG Liang-hong, WANG Ke, LI Xiao-kang, YANG Zhi-heng, WANG Zhi-yi

2021, 60(12): 31-34. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.006

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Three kinds of single types of garden wastes （litters, deciduous and grass debris） were selected as experimental materials, and different proportions of soybean residue and sheep manure were added. Fertilization was carried out by highly intensive fermentation equipment. Samples were taken at the early stage （ initial mixing stage）, middle stage （after equipment fermentation）, and late stage （after complete maturity） of the fertilization process. Organic matter, pH, nutrient content and germination index were detected. The results showed that the treatment of soybean dregs∶sheep manure∶green waste 1∶1∶8 and 1∶2∶7 had the best performance. Because of the shortest composting time, high total nutrient content, moderate pH and high germination index, they were conducive to plant growth and good composting effect. Among them, the treatment of soybean dregs∶sheep manure∶green waste 1∶1∶8 had more economic advantages.

Study on risk assessment of water environment safety in the Yellow river basin of Shanxi province

ZHOU Xuan, HOU Xiang-ying, GUO Pi-bin

2021, 60(12): 35-40. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.007

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Based on the disaster risk theory and the concept of water environment security, the risk situation of water environment security in the Yellow river basin of Shanxi province was evaluated by AHP. The results showed that the water environment safety risk levels of the nine prefectural-level cities along the Yellow river were divided into five levels：Extremely high, high, medium, low and extremely low, Jincheng city and Changzhi city were classified as very high and high risk, while Shuozhou city was classified as medium risk, mainly due to deterioration of water quality. Xinzhou city and Shuozhou city were classified as very high and high risk, respectively, in the exposure attribute of hazard-bearing factors, Jinzhong city and Linfen city were in the middle, mainly due to reduced water supply and increased population density; Yuncheng city was at the very high level of vulnerability, while Jincheng city and Linfen city were at the high level of vulnerability, among the medium vulnerable were the cities of Lyuliang city and Shuozhou city, mainly due to reduced precipitation and insufficient water resources per capita. Finally, through the comprehensive analysis, it was found that the Jincheng's overall risk was the highest, and the relevant departments needed to focus on.

Optimization of three-dimensional electrochemical oxidation system for printing and dyeing wastewater treatment by response surface method

CUI Meng, WANG Yong, ZHANG Ya-ping

2021, 60(12): 41-44. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.008

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An ammonium persulfate modified graphite felt electrode was used as the cathode, a titanium plate was used as the anode, and activated carbon was used as the particle electrode to construct a three-dimensional electrochemical system. The response surface method （RSM） was used to investigate the COD and ammonia nitrogen capacity of the actual printing and dyeing wastewater. The results showed that the significant of influencing factors of COD removal rate of printing and dyeing wastewater was electrode voltage>reaction time>aeration amount, and the significant of influencing factors of ammonia nitrogen removal rate was electrode voltage>aeration amount>reaction time, and the mathematical model had good regression; Under the conditions of electrode voltage of 7.03 V, aeration amount of 6.78 L/min, and reaction time of 86.77 min, the maximum COD removal rate predicted by the model was 73.37%, and the maximum removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was 88.32%. The removal rates of COD and ammonia nitrogen were 71.24% and 86.19%, respectively, and the relative deviations of the actual results and the predicted values were less than 3%.

Analysis of ecological status in Yonghe river basin based on ecological footprint model

WANG Guo-zhong, LI Zhong-yuan, CHENG Huan-ling, ZHANG Ji-yu, YANG Liu, LIU Zhan-xin

2021, 60(12): 45-48. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.009

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To evaluate the ecological status in Yonghe river basin, ecological footprint model was used to calculate its ecological demand and supply in 2016. The results showed that its per capita ecological footprint was 0.499 12 hm², the ecological carrying capacity was only 0.265 96 hm²and the per capita ecological surplus was -0.233 16 hm² with -0.467 14 of safety index. The ecology of the basin was in unsafe state, to ensure the high quality of development in future, it was important that current extensive way of consumption be changed to save and protect local resources; New and high technologies should be developed to increase the production of natural resources; It should be paid more attention to the quality rather than the quantity of the population; Existing resources should be used efficiently and rationally.

GIS-based study on geochemical characteristics and influencing factors of soil nutrient elements in the Three Gorges Reservoir area

DENG Hai, WANG Rui, NING Mo-huan, LUO Yu-jie, DONG Jin-xiu

2021, 60(12): 49-54. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.010

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In order to find out the spatial distribution characteristics of soil nutrient elements and provide suggestions for agricultural planting and fertilization methods, Yuexi town in the Three Gorges Reservoir area was selected as the research object, 639 surface soil samples were collected and analyzed in the soil. The content of nutrient elements （N, P, K） and soil pH were divided into geochemical grades. Based on geostatistical methods, the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of soil nutrient element content and pH were analyzed. The soil K content in the study area was relatively rich, while the N and P content was relatively low, the soil was mainly acidic, and the proportions of acidic and strongly acidic soils were 25.2% and 46.3%, respectively. Soil N content was related to altitude, and denitrification at low altitudes would cause soil N loss. Salt-based ions would migrate from high-altitude areas to low-altitude areas, resulting in high-altitude soils with mainly acidity and low K₂O content. In addition, the nitrification of N in high-altitude areas would also cause soil acidification. Soil P was obviously affected by human factors, and the content of P in cultivated land was significantly higher than other land types. It was recommended to increase the amount of organic fertilizer and potassium fertilizer in the distribution area of acidic and strongly acidic soil, reduce the application of nitrogen fertilizer, use artificial means to adjust the pH of the soil, reduce the cultivation of tea trees and legumes, improve soil acidification, and neutral and alkaline. The soil distribution area could increase the application amount of organic fertilizer in an appropriate amount and improve the soil fertility.

Temporal and spatial dynamics of ecological land and its connectivity based on morphological spatial pattern analysis （MSPA） in Inner Mongolia Autonomous region

LIN Fei-fei, XIE Miao-miao, ZHANG Hao, HAI Feng

2021, 60(12): 55-62. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.011

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Based on the land use data of 8 periods from 1980 to 2018, the ecological land was defined and extracted in combination with the actual situation and relevant literature in Inner Mongolia Autonomous region. The types of ecological land connectivity were classified by morphological spatial pattern analysis （MSPA）, and the spatial and temporal dynamic characteristics of ecological land and its connectivity were obtained by using transfer matrix. The results showed that, the proportion of ecological land in Inner Mongolia Autonomous region decreased by 3.459 percentage points from 1980 to 2018, mainly because of the great reduction of grassland. The proportion of non-ecological land increased, but it was still lower than that of ecological land. Many MSPA types transferred to non-ecological land, at the same time, the connectivity of the retained ecological land decreased, the degree of aggregation of the core area decreased, and the perforation appeared. The spatial connectivity of the northern region was better than that of the southern region, and the main ecological land components were different from east to west. In terms of structure, low-cover grassland was of great significance to improve the connectivity of regional ecological land. The acceleration of urbanization, extensive development and management of resources and special natural conditions were the main reasons for the reduction of ecological land area and the decline of connectivity. Inner Mongolia Autonomous region still needed to strengthen ecological protection according to local conditions. MSPA method can effectively identify the overall level and spatial distribution characteristics of ecological land connectivity.

Impact mechanism of climate change risk perception in southern Shaanxi based on geographical detectors

XUE Si-wen, ZHOU Qi

2021, 60(12): 63-66. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.012

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Taking southern Shaanxi as a case study, based on the data from a large-scale questionnaire survey on the public perception of climate change risk response from 2015 to 2019, the characteristics and impact mechanism of climate change risk perception were revealed from four aspects, namely basic situation, human-earth view and risk view, environmental perception and response behavior, with the help of geographical detector. The results showed that the factor explanatory power of perceived coping effect was the highest （0.979）. The interaction between perception of climate change risk response effect and risk perception had the strongest factor influence, reaching 1.000. The perception of climate change causes, the concern of climate change, the perception of response effect, the perception of industrial structure adjustment, the perception of energy conservation and emission reduction effect, and the residential environment had obvious control effects on the perception of climate change risk response.

Investigation on the main diseases of Malania oleifera in Guangnan county of Yunnan province and evaluation on the control effect of several fungicides

PAN Yue, LEI Xiao-ling, WANG Ming, ZHANG Li-li, MAO Ping, LU Cheng-jun, LI Jin-bao, WANG Juan

2021, 60(12): 67-72. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.013

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The disease investigation was carried out in six artificial planting areas and two wild distribution areas of Malania oleifera in Guangnan county, Wenshan county, Yunnan province, which was the origin and distribution center of Malania oleifera in China, and three planting areas and one wild distribution area with serious disease were selected for the study of the control effect. The results showed that leaf spot, root rot and stem rot were the main diseases in the artificial planting area of Malania oleifera in Guangnan county, while plaster disease was the primary disease in the wild distribution area. Additionally, 50% carbendazim had ideal control effect on leaf spot, and 47% kasugamycin·copper oxychloride was better than 80% bordeaux mixture for the control of plaster disease.

Labaratory toxicity and field control efficiency of 7 fungicides to wheat scab in Jingzhou city

CHANG Yue, ZHU Xiang, MENG Zhen-guo, DONG Qian, WANG Jin-peng, LI Jun-kai

2021, 60(12): 73-75. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.014

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In order to screen out the fungicide with better control effect on wheat scab in Jingzhou city, the field control and indoor antibacterial activities of 7 pesticides against wheat scab were determined with the field spray method and the mycelial growth rate method. The results showed that the four original drugs of prochloraz, tebuconazole, phenamacril and pyraclostrobin in the laboratory toxicity test have good antibacterial effects for the wheat scab, and the inhibitory concentrations （EC₅₀） were 0.028, 0.114, 0.427, 1.554 mg/L, respectively. And the field results showed that the seven pesticides had good control effects against wheat scab. Prochloraz EW had the highest control effect of 88.60%, followed by prochloraz EC 83.53% and pyraclostrobin SC 82.13%, respectively. The control effects of the 25% prochloraz EW in the test agent was significantly higher than other pesticides, and it can be preferably used in the field.

Identification and screening of the drought-tolerant characteristics in the main oil sunflower variety resources in Hebei plain

LI He-ping, LI Ji-ming, LI Ai-guo, SHEN Yan-ping, SONG Cong-min, JIA Ying-quan

2021, 60(12): 76-80. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.015

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Facing the rainless and drought climate in Hebei plain,in order to screen the ideal drought-tolerant and water-saving oil sunflower varieties,16 oil sunflower cultivars which were comparatively widely grown in production in the plain were studied. The biological traits, economic traits, the relative eclectric conductivity（REC） and relative water content （RWC） of leaf were ananyzed under droutht stress condition and their drought resistant indices were also calculated for drought-tolerance identification. The result indicated that different oil sunflower varieties presented great variation in biological traits, economic traits and physiologic indices under droutht stress condition. By a general way of identificatioon, the screened highly drough-tolerant variety resources were Qingfeng No.1, Zaoyou 66 and Ai 58 with DRI （drought resistant index） 1.16, 1.14 and 1.04, respectively, and they were suit for growing in the area.

Effects of PEG-simulated drought stress on physiological and biochemical characteristics of different mulberry rootstocks

ZHANG Chao-hua, ZHANG Na, ZHU Lin-lin, MO Rong-li, YU Cui

2021, 60(12): 81-84. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.016

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In this study, 5% PEG was used to simulate severe drought stress to explore the physiological and biochemical characteristics of different mulberry rootstocks. Under severe drought stress, the leaves of mulberry rootstocks quickly lose water, and the wilting time and wilting ratio of different rootstocks are significantly different. Physiological and biochemical indicators related to water stress, such as malondialdehyde （MDA）, proline （Pro）, hydrogen peroxide （H₂O₂） content, and the activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity, peroxidase （POD） activity, catalase （CAT） activity were measured. The results of the study showed that the MDA content, SOD activity, CAT activity, and POD activity of the six mulberry rootstocks showed an overall downward trend, but the magnitude of the change was slight. However, the Pro content showed an increasing trend, especially in the later period, the Pro content increased rapidly, and the content of H₂O₂ showed the characteristic of first increasing and then decreasing, but the trend of change between different mulberry rootstocks were different.

Effects of low temperature and light involved in change of anthocyanin in leaves of color-leaved poplar

ZHU Xiu-hong, CAI Yao-qi, YANG Jin-ju, CHENG Hong-mei, RU Guang-xin

2021, 60(12): 85-89. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.017

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Using five color-leaved poplar varieties as experimental material, anthocyanin, chlorophyll, carotenoid content, soluble sugar content, sucrose content and anthocyanin related enzyme activity were determined to investigate whether low temperature and light were involved in change of anthocyanins in the leaves of color-leaved poplar. The results showed that the contents of chlorophyll and carotenoids in the leaves of color-leaved poplar showed a decreasing trend due to relatively low temperature, while the contents of anthocyanin and sugar content increased. With the increase of anthocyanin content, the antioxidant capacity of leaves increased. The activity of enzymes related to anthocyanin （PAL, CHI, DFR, UFGT） also increased to different degrees, causing further accumulation of anthocyanin. At the same time, the feedback mechanism of relative low temperature promoting anthocyanin accumulation in color-leaved poplars must involve light,the content of anthocyanin, sucrose and soluble sugar decreased greatly, and the activity of related enzymes also decreased to a lower level when completely shading was applied at low temperature. After re-feeding the light source, these indicators re-rose to a higher level.

Study on the comprehensive evaluation of urban park landscape interest

DING Qin-qin, WANG Meng-yao, YANG Fang-rong

2021, 60(12): 90-94. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.018

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Based on the investigation of the current urban parks, this paper constructs an evaluation model of urban park landscape interest, which includes 16 index factors, and calculates the index weight with analytic hierarchy process. Firstly, through the analysis of the weight results, it is concluded that park landscape culture, activity space and supporting facilities are the main factors affecting the interest of urban park landscape. Secondly, we use the questionnaire to make a comprehensive evaluation and analysis of people's park landscape interest needs. Finally, based on the premise of ecological sustainability of urban park landscape, on the basis of suitable taste, combined with people's behavioral needs, innovative technology and culture are integrated to form participatory urban park landscape interest promotion countermeasures.

Quantification and influencing factors of public park commodity value：Taking Nanhu park in Nanning city as example

DU Yan-pei, LI Zai-liu, GUO Song

2021, 60(12): 95-100. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.019

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The evaluation of park's commodity value provides an important decision basis for urban land use development and construction management. This article uses the hedonic price method to investigate the prices of second-hand houses around Nanhu park in Nanning city and quantify the commodity value of the park. The results are showed following,the optimal model for HPM at Nanhu park is semi-logarithmic model; there are 9 variables that significantly affect the unit price of houses （Pr） around the park, namely building age （S₇）, total floor number （S₈）, distance from Nanning railway station （L₂）, distance from the nearest subway station （L₄）, distance from Yongjiang river （L₆）, distance from the nearest general hospital （N₁）, distance from the nearest key primary school （N₂）, distance from the nearest higher education institution （N₄）, and whether Nanhu lake can be seen（N₇）. The distance from Nanhu park （N₅） has no significant effect on the housing unit price, while whether Nanhu lake can be seen （N₇） has a value-added rate of 16.314% to the unit price of houses （Pr） around the park. The commodity value produced by Nanhu park is about 1.1810 billion yuan, which indicates that the park has a huge spillover effect on the value-added of surrounding real estate.

Survey report of cigarettes in Dushan county of Guizhou province

YANG Chun-yuan, LU Xin-li, WANG Zhu-jiu, QIN Jia-fu, LEI Ting, BAI Hai, YANG Xiu-fei, LI Yu-xiang, YE Ding-yong, LUO Zheng-you, LIN Ying-chao

2021, 60(12): 101-106. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.020

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In order to collect cigar variety resources extensively, the cigar tobacco in Dushan county, Guizhou province was investigated. The results showed that Dushan cigar was mainly distributed in Yaodong group of Xindong village, Mawei town, Dushan county, with a continuous planting area of 9.33 hm². The main cultivated varieties were GX-1 and GX 2 et al, and GX-1 had the largest planting area of 6.67 hm². Dushan cigar was prepared by air curing technology, which had mature fermentation technology and aging preservation technology. The prepared Dushan cigar leaves have thick identity, good toughness, sufficient oil content and cigar aroma characteristics. The main flavor is honey sweet and roasted, with positive sweetness and coffee aroma while the concentration is medium to low. It is suitable for making cigar clothing, cigar cover or entry-level cigar core. In addition, the suggestions on strengthening breeding research and construction of scientific research base for Dushan cigar were put forward.

Effects of dietary copper on survival,growth and body composition of juvenile Squaliobarbus curriculus

YANG Kai, WANG Yue-song, GAO Yin-ai, YANG Hui-jun, YUAN Yong-chao, CHENG Wei-wei, WEI Hui-jie, WANG Qing-yun

2021, 60(12): 107-112. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.021

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Treatments consisted of nine semi-purified diets containing graded levels of dietary copper （CuSO₄·5H₂O was added to a basal diet at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12.0 mg/kg）, providing actual dietary values of 0.29, 1.31, 2.28, 3.43, 4.57, 6.61, 8.77, 10.73 and 12.89 mg/kg diet, respectively. Each diet was fed to triplicate groups of juvenile Squaliobarbus curriculus with initial body weight of 6.22 g in 300 L cylindrical fiberglass tank. The results showed that the typical dietary Cu deficient signs such as poor growth and malformation of skeleton were observed in fish fed the diets with 0.29 mg/kg diet. Fish fed the diet containing 4.57 mg/kg had the highest speciﬁc growth rate （SGR）. The lowest hepatosomatic index （HSI） and viscerosomatic index （VSI） were observed in fish fed the diet containing the highest Cu content diet （P<0.05）. Condition factor showed no signiﬁcant differences among the treatments （P>0.05）. Proximate composition of fish body was significantly affected by dietary copper level （P<0.05）. Cu contents of whole body and hepatic increased with dietary Cu levels （P<0.05）. Hepatic thiobarbituric acid reactive substances （TBARS） was found to decrease with increasing dietary concentrations of copper up to 3.43 mg/kg beyond which a reverse trend in this parameter was noted. （Conclusion） Analysis by the linear regression of weight gain （WG） and feed conversion ratio （FCR） and second-order regression of whole-body Cu retention of the fish indicated that dietary Cu requirement of juvenile Squaliobarbus curriculus was 3.94~4.92 mg/kg diet.

Study on the countermeasures of controlling nitrogen and phosphorus pollution in the aquaculture water of Procambarus clarkii

ZHANG Xia, WANG Ting, WEI Hong-bo, ZHOU Cun-yu, YANG Dai-qin, LI Jun-kai, YANG Chao-dong

2021, 60(12): 113-118. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.022

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Procambarus clarkii-rice model has good economic benefits. Aquaculture water of Procambarus clarkii must use wetland plants to effectively purify nitrogen and phosphorus. In this paper, referenced the phenotypic characteristics of the crops root system for the efficient absorption and utilization of nitrogen and phosphorus, and summarized the phenotypic plasticity, root structure and physiological function of wetland plants, as well as the research progress of removed nitrogen and phosphorus in water. It is suggested that adjusted the phenology of wetland plants, induced the roots phenotypic plasticity with efficiently absorption and utilization of nitrogen and phosphorus under the different concentrations, to suite the critical treatment period of Procambarus clarkii aquaculture water. and construct the artificial floating island by reasonable combination of species.

Optimization of fixation methods by fuzzy mathematics and its quality analysis

ZHU Xin-peng, LI Dong-hua, WU Chong, AN Jiang-shan

2021, 60(12): 119-123. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.023

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In order to optimize fixation technique, effects of leaf weight, microwave power and treatment time on the sensory qualities of green tea were studied by means of fuzzy mathematics comprehensive evaluation and orthogonal test with Camellia sinensis cv. Ziyangquntizhong as experimental material, which were picked one bud and two leaves processed through fixation technique assisted by microwave. The results indicated that the optimum process was leaf weight 120 g, microwave power 560 W and treatment time 90 s. In compared with the control, there were no significant differences in contents of caffeine, polyphenols and water extract of green tea, while the free amino acids contents of green tea treated by microwave were significantly higher than that of pan-fixed green tea. Under the optimum condition, the free amino acids content of which was increased by 34.57% with the best quality of sensory evaluation.

Optimization of extraction process of maca polysaccharide by Box-Behnken response surface methodology

HUANG Yi-jie, ZHANG Hai-zhu

2021, 60(12): 124-127. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.024

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To optimize the extraction process of Maca polysaccharide and improve the yield of maca polysaccharide. The response surface methodology was used to investigate the effects of ultrasonic temperature （A）, extraction time （B） and solid-liquid ratio （C） on the extraction rate of maca polysaccharide, and the interaction among them （A×B, A×C, and B×C） was investigated, and the optimal extraction conditions were obtained. Results showed that the optimum conditions were as follows： Ultrasonic temperature 60 ℃, extraction time 40 min, liquid-solid ratio 40∶1. Under the optimum conditions, the extraction rate was 51.21%.

Nondestructive testing model for main components of potato from different places by near infrared spectroscopy

WU Yan-yong, SHI Yan-cai, LYU Xue-juan, QIU Li-hang, LUO Han-min

2021, 60(12): 128-130. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.025

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36 potato（Solanum tuberosum L.） samples involved in different species and grades were collected from 6 provinces in China. Based on the values determined by chemical methods, near infrared spectroscopy （NIRS） nondestructive testing model for the water, reducing sugar and starch content were constructed by partial least squares regression method, respectively. The results showed that the determination coefficients （R²） of constructed NIR model were 0.88 for water, 0.84 for reducing sugar, and 0.92 for starch. The root mean square error of cross validation （RMSECV） was less than 1, and the ratio of the standard deviation of the verification set to the predicted standard deviation （RPD） was all more than 2.5 in each NIR model. In addition, the results of external validation further showed that the R² for three components which was predicted by each constructed NIR model was more than 0.9, and the relative deviation between the predicted value and the measured value in every component was also very small.

Determination of four components in semi-finished products and preparations of Triperygium wilfordii by SPE-HPLC

XIAO An-ju, GONG Da-lin, LIU San-bo, YU Hao, YU Xin

2021, 60(12): 131-134. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.026

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To establish a method for the simultaneous determination of triptolide,tripterine, demethylzeylasteral and wilforlide A in semi-finished products and preparations of Triperygium wilfordii by SPE-HPLC. The contents of four components in Triperygium wilfordii extractum, Triperygium wilfordii tablets and Triperygium glycosides tablets were determined by HPLC, The separation was achieveds uning Kromasil C₁₈（250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm）with an acetonitrile, methanol, 0.5% phosphoric acid and water gradient elution system. Results showed that the linear relationship of triptolide,tripterine, demethylzeylasteral and wilforlide A were good（r≥0.996）. The average recoveries of the samples were 92.50%, 94.93%, 99.36%, 92.29%,RSD were 4.70%, 6.41%, 5.90%, 4.36%.

Contact analysis for gears of transplanting mechanism based on ABAQUS finite element method

YUAN Yong-chao, HU Zong-mei, SONG Lu-xiang

2021, 60(12): 135-139. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.027

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Aiming at the hybrid gear planetary system transplanting mechanism of rice transplanter which applies the eccentric gear non-circular gear planetary system, the finite element method was used to apply the corresponding non-circular gear angular velocity and eccentric gear torque to the meshing state simulation model of non-circular gear and eccentric gear. The results showed that when the transplanting mechanism moved under the limit torque state, the maximum contact stress of non-circular gear was between 180~200 MPa, and that of eccentric gear was between 320~420 MPa. The meshing of non-circular gear and eccentric gear was normal, which meets the design requirements.

Analysis on the influencing factors of livelihood of settled herdsmen in Urumqi county

Kulimanran·WUREAZIBAI, Hailiqiemu·SIYITI, Ayituerxun·SHAMUXI

2021, 60(12): 140-147. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.028

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Selected Urumqi county as the research area, field survey was used to collect data, and binary logistic regression model was used to study the factors influencing the livelihood of settled herdsmen. The results showed that, on the one hand, the scores of economic factors, social factors and cultural factors were higher than other factors, which were 1.981 97, 1.433 53 and 1.115 75, while the scores of production factors and ecological factors were 0.616 87 and 0.390 16. On the other hand, herdsmen did not fully adapt to the life after settlement, and there were some problems in the implementation of the policy. Based on the quantitative analysis of the problems existing in the livelihood of settled herdsmen, this research put forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.

Analysis of influencing factors of fruit sales under farmer direct selling e-commerce mode：Based on the theory of customer delivered value

ZHANG Xiao-lu, LIU Yu-hao, CUI Mao-sen

2021, 60(12): 148-152. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.029

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It is of great significance to study the factors that influencing the fruit sales under the mode of farmers direct selling e-commerce to solve the problem of unsalable fruit and improve farmers' income. Aiming at 144 Yantai apple stores, this study selected the data that influencing apple sales according to customer delivered value theory, and used OLS regression model to analyze the influence of seven factors on fruit sales, including product description consistency, seller's service attitude, logistics service quality, seller's reputation level, commodity praise rate, seller's opening time and commodity price. The results showed that, ① commodity price had a negative impact on fruit sales, while the other six factors had a positive impact; ② the order of influence on fruit sales was seller's service attitude, commodity description consistency, seller's reputation level, seller's opening time, commodity price, commodity praise rate, logistics service quality. Finally, according to the research results, the study put forward countermeasures and suggestions to improve the fruit sales.

Research on the development strategy of e-commerce logistics of agricultural products in Yichang city under the rural revitalization

DA Jing, PEI Yuan-xin

2021, 60(12): 153-158. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.030

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In recent years, e-commerce logistics of agricultural products began to rise and develop, which promoted the development of e-commerce of agricultural products and became an important means to promote rural revitalization. Taking Yichang city in Hubei province as an example, which had many characteristic agricultural products, this research expounded the development status of e-commerce of agricultural products in China, analyzed the current development status of the development of e-commerce logistics of agricultural products in Yichang city, emphatically analyzed the problems faced by the development of e-commerce logistics of agricultural products in Yichang city under the background of rural revitalization, and put forward some suggestions, so as to promote the development of e-commerce logistics of agricultural products in Yichang city under the background of national vigorously supporting rural revitalization strategy, e-commerce logistics of agricultural products can get a healthy development.

The influence of the price and publicity methods of nutrition-enhanced agricultural products on consumers' purchase intention

WANG Xi-lin, LI Ting-ting

2021, 60(12): 159-164. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.031

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As an innovative agricultural product, nutrition-enhanced agricultural products had improved the micronutrients in agricultural products, and can effectively solve the problem of hidden hunger in China. In this study, the dual processing cognitive mode was used as an intermediary variable, and a scenario simulation experiment method of 2 （publicity methods：picture publicity, text publicity）×2 （price increase range：low range, high range） was used to analyze the influence of the interaction of price and publicity methods on consumers' purchase of nutrition-enhanced agricultural products. The results showed that, text publicity can make consumers willing to purchase nutrition-enhanced agricultural products with low price growth than picture publicity. Picture publicity can make consumers willing to purchase nutrition-enhanced agricultural products with high price growth than text publicity. When using text to promote nutrition-enhanced agricultural products with low price growth, consumers often use analytical information processing systems.

Research on Wuhan's tourism flow network structure based on digital footprint interaction

ZHOU Ting, XIANG Jing-wei, LI Jiang-feng

2021, 60(12): 165-171. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.032

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By means of the digital footprint analysis method and the research idea of point-plane interaction, the structure of Wuhan's tourism flow network was studied. The results showed that the regularity of Wuhan's tourism digital footprint was relatively conspicuous. Spring and summer were the peak tourist seasons, with the most concentrated period from March to May, and the average stay of 2.8 days. The geographical spatial distribution of nodes in Wuhan's tourism flow network was unbalanced, the driving effect of some nodes was not enough to realize comprehensive and coordinated development of nodes. The spatial structure of Wuhan's tourism flow network was stratified obviously. The connection between the core area and the edge area was low. The overall density of Wuhan's tourism flow network was low, and the development in the region was unbalanced. It was necessary to further play the role of important nodes and core regions to realize the coordinated development of point-plane interaction of Wuhan's tourism flow network.

The influence of rural population aging on grain green production：Base on the perspective of negative growth of chemical fertilizer and pesticide

LI Mei-ting, HE Pu-ming

2021, 60(12): 172-176. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.033

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Through comparative analysis, this study found that the overall effect of chemical fertilizer and pesticide reduction was obvious, and the effect of chemical fertilizer and pesticide reduction of crops was also obvious, but the effect of chemical fertilizer and pesticide reduction of food crops was not ideal. Based on the perspective of rural population aging, this study analyzed the dilemma of grain green production, and analyzed the reasons why the input of chemical fertilizer and pesticide increased instead of decreasing in grain production, and finally put forward some suggestions to promote the reduction of chemical fertilizer and pesticide and help the grain green production.

Problems and countermeasures of Yan'an red tourism enterprises from the perspective of experience economy

ZHANG Jian-jie, YANG Xing

2021, 60(12): 177-180. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.034

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Red tourism is a new form of theme tourism which combines patriotic education with tourism. The development time of red tourism is not very long. Red tourism enterprises need to pay more attention to tourists' travel experience in order to gain competitive advantages. Therefore, based on the perspective of experience economy and the analysis of the development background of red tourism in Yan'an, this study pointed out the problems existing in the development of red tourism enterprises in Yan'an at present, and put forward some countermeasures for the development of red tourism enterprises in Yan'an, in order to further promote the high-quality development of red tourism in Yan'an.

Global tourism：Breakthrough of green economy development strategy in Inner Mongolia

MIAO Li

2021, 60(12): 181-185. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.035

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Tourism industry was the breakthrough of developing green economy in Inner Mongolia, and global tourism was a new development mode of tourism industry,which emphasized the high integration of multi industries and whole resources, and promoted the coordinated development of economy and society in many aspects by tourism industry. Agglomeration development was an important way to improve the efficiency and competitiveness of tourism elements. This study analyzed the agglomeration degree of tourism industry in Inner Mongolia from 2012 to 2018 by using the location entropy theory and the competitive model of industrial agglomeration, pointed out the existing problems of tourism industry in Inner Mongolia, and put forward the corresponding countermeasures.

Welfare economic analysis on the supply-side subsidy of farmland centralized and continuous transfer：Taking three counties in Jiangsu province as an example

WANG Ya-jing, CHEN Xin-yuan, BAI Lu-xin, JI Yue-qing

2021, 60(12): 186-191. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.036

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In recent years, some of the economically developed areas in Jiangsu province had implemented the centralized and contiguous transfer of village collective organizations, which had effectively solved the problems of farmland fragmentation and market failure, while the underdeveloped areas also had the conditions for centralized and contiguous transfer. However, in the process of coordinated transfer, it was difficult to achieve a unified transfer because of the great differences in the willingness of compensation among the scattered transferors, the self tillers and the land transferors. The land transfer subsidy policy of centralized and continuous transfer can achieve the potential welfare on the basis of achieving the minimum participation rate. Based on the perspective of stakeholders, this study calculated the welfare changes of villages in underdeveloped areas of Jiangsu province when simulating the implementation of different subsidies, and drew the conclusion that the farmland centralized and contiguous transfer subsidies can help to achieve the overall welfare growth of most villages in three counties of Jiangsu province, but it need larger financial expenditure, and the efficiency of policy implementation will be reduced when the amount of subsidies increases.

Research on the driving factors of rural industry revitalization——Taking pomegranate industry in Huili county,Liangshan prefecture as an example

NIU Jiang-rong, SHANG Yan-guang

2021, 60(12): 192-196. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.037

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Industrial prosperity is the focus and foundation of rural revitalization. Based on the research of the view of Liangshan prefecture pomegranate industry, this paper sumed up the main driving factor for the development of the industry, and put forward the local government should promoted the integration of various driving factors, actively carry out brand construction, cultural construction, market development, such as work, make up the lack of market and social main body, force, to promoted the development of forming industry to promote rapid development of pomegranate industry.

Analysis on the path of red culture boosting rural revitalization in the old revolutionary base areas of southern Shaanxi

JI An-ling, WANG Xiao-xia

2021, 60(12): 197-200. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.038

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Red culture has a unique value in the rural revitalization of the old revolutionary base areas. Giving full play to the advantages of red culture is an important part of the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy and a powerful driving force to promote the rural revitalization of the old revolutionary base areas. Southern Shaanxi is an old revolutionary base area, which not only has rich material form of red culture, but also has spiritual form of red culture represented by the spirit of southern Shaanxi soviet area. We should accelerate the new development of the old revolutionary base areas in southern Shaanxi, inherit and carry forward the spirit of the soviet Area in southern Shaanxi by taking red as the base; In order to realize the rural revitalization of the old revolutionary base areas, we should focus on developing the green economy of Southern Shaanxi with characteristics as the basis, highlighting the endogenous advantages of southern Shaanxi.

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