HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES

Research progress on the effects of histone deacetylase inhibitors on in vitro developmental competence of nuclear transfer embryos

LYU Ling-yan, WU Yong-shao, ZHANG Jia-qing, SUN Ru-yu, WANG Yan-ling, PAN Tian-biao, CHEN Bao-jian, XIE Bing-kun

2020, 59(18): 5-8. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.001

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Histone deacetylase inhibitor （HDACi） is a class of compounds that can interfere with histone deacetylase to control the tightness of DNA binding to histones and play a role, which can increase the degree of histones acetylation in cells and improve the expression level of acetylated genes. In recent years, the researches on HDACi promoting epigenetic reprogramming of donor cells and nucleartransfer embryos and regulating the genes expression in higher animals have attracted much attention. The effects of HDACi on the in vitro developmental competence of nuclear transfer embryos are mainly described, in order to provide reference for improving the production efficiency of cloned embryos.

Progress and trend of rural tourism research in the background of rural revitalization strategy： Based on the visual analysis of CiteSpace

REN Li-li, YAO Hong, XU Xiang-fa

2020, 59(18): 9-14. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.002

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Rural tourism has become a recent research hotspot under the background of the national rural revitalization strategy. In order to clarify the characteristics of preliminary research of rural tourism and the development trends under the new strategy, this article uses the CiteSpace visualization analysis tool to draw scientific knowledge map of rural tourism research for more than two decades from 1992 to 2019, exploring the distribution of researchers in related fields, the distribution of research institutions, and the hotspots of rural tourism research. Furthermore, comparing the evolution of rural tourism research trends before and after the rural revitalization strategy was proposed, through the visualization of the keyword co-occurrence network atlas, to explore the hot topics and analyze the frontier research trends under the background of the rural revitalization strategy.

Selection of selenium-enriched rice varieties

ZHOU Qiong, TIAN Yong-he

2020, 59(18): 15-17. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.003

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Using selenium content as an index, the selenium content of rice samples grown in selenium-rich and low-selenium areas in Ankang were analyzed, the high-quality rice varieties with the best selenium accumulation capacity were selected, and the selenium accumulation capacity of different parts of rice was analyzed. The results showed that the variety Chuanyou 2115 and Hongmi 1 had better ability of selenium accumulation, and the protein content was positively correlated with the selenium content in rice. The distribution of selenium in different parts of rice was root>leaf>stem>rice.

Demonstration of direct seeding rice with different seeding amounts and high-yield cultivation experiments in Senegal

ZENG Fan-cheng, WANG Li, YANG Yu-bo, ZENG Yun, GUO Xin-bo

2020, 59(18): 18-20. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.004

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Senegal is rich in land and water, and is a high-yield region for rice production. However, the increase of local rice production is restricted by various factors. “South-South Cooperation” rice planting experts from China solved the important factors restricting the increase of rice yield by conducting demonstrations of direct seeding rice with different seeding amounts and high-yield cultivation experiments, which achieved significant results. It has solved the important factors restricting the increase of rice yield and achieved obvious results, and formed the high-yield cultivation technology achievements of “South South cooperation” direct seeding rice.

Effects of exogenous 5-aminolevulinic acid on the germination and seedling growth of mung bean under NaCl stress

ZHAO Jin-xi, YOU Ying, JIANG Kai-yang, ZHANG Jia-xiang, ZHANG Mei

2020, 59(18): 21-24. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.005

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The effects of different concentrations of exogenous 5-aminolevulinic acid on seed germination and seedling growth ofmung bean under salt stress were studied by using mung bean as test material and 150 mg/L concentration NaCl as simulated salt stress. The results showed that different concentrations of 5-aminolevulinic acid promoted the germination and seedling growth of mung bean at low concentration and inhibited at high concentration under NaCl stress, the germination rate and germination potential of green beans increased first and then decreased with the increase of treatment concentration, reaching the highest concentration of 50 mg/L and 150 mg/L respectively. Exogenous 5-aminolevulinic acid played a significant inhibitory role when the concentration reached 250 mg/L. The leaf area and root length of mung bean at seedling stage increased first and then decreased with the increase of treatment concentration. When the treatment concentration reached 100 mg/L, both reached the maximum value. With the increase of 5-aminolevulinic acid concentration, malondialdehyde （MDA） decreased at first and then increased, and reached the lowest when the treatment concentration reached 150 mg/L. The content of proline and soluble sugar increased first and then decreased, and reached the highest when the treatment concentration reached 150 mg/L and 100 mg/L, respectively. The results showed that 5-aminolevulinic acid had a significant effect on the stress resistance of mung bean seedlings. The optimal concentration of exogenous 5-aminolevulinic acid on mung bean germination under NaCl stress was about 100 mg/L, and the optimal concentration for seedling growth of mung bean under NaCl stress was 150 mg/L.

Analysis of cotton production situation in cotton areas of Hubei province and Yangtze river basin in the last five years

ZHANG Jiao-hai, YI Guo-xiang, BIE Shu, WANG Xiao-gang, XIA Song-bo

2020, 59(18): 25-28. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.006

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The production situation of cotton in Hubei province and Yangtze river basin in recent five years was summarized and analyzed. The reasons for the change of area and production capacity were analyzed, and the achievements of cotton planting project and the progress of cotton mechanical harvesting were briefly described. The policy and technical measures to develop cotton production and improve the effective supply of cotton in the Yangtze river basin were puts forward.

Study on the meteorological insurance index of high temperature and heat damage of rice in central of Hunan province

DENG Mei, WU Meng-qiong, ZHAO hui, WANG Xue-qi, CHEN Tie-jun, XIAO Shi-yao, XIAO Miao-ni

2020, 59(18): 29-32. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.007

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A rice planting demonstration county in central of Hunan-Shuangfeng county was selected as a pilot, using daily weather observation data, rice yield and rice observation data of agricultural meteorological observatories from Shuangfeng county from 1989 to 2018, combined with the main types of agrometeorological disasters during the growth period of rice, the meteorological disasters with large impact on production were identified as insurance hazard factors to design the meteorological insurance index.The research showed that the high temperature heat damage was the main meteorological disaster that caused single cropping rice yield reduction in central of Hunan. High temperature heat damage meteorological insurance index was established based on the comprehensive hazard heat accumulation temperature and the number of continuous days; By calculating the rice production reduction and currency loss caused by meteorological disasters over the years, the compensation trigger coefficient and compensation standard of the high temperature heat damage meteorological insurance index were determined.

Analysis and regionalization of agricultural climate resources in Cheng county

CHEN Jian-xiong, XIA Xuan, LIU Li, WU Xin-chang, LI Jia, SHE Lu-qing, GAO Dang-feng, ZANG Juan, HE Xiao-dong, WANG Xin

2020, 59(18): 33-38. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.008

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Statistical principles, spreadsheets and GIS techniques were used for statistical analysis of meteorological and agrometeorological observation data and hydrological data of Cheng county of Gansu province from 1981 to 2015. At the same time, the climate resources, climate change status, the degree of meteorological disaster and the influence of climate on planting and breeding in Cheng county of Gansu province were analyzed with the data from agriculture, forestry and breeding industry. With illustrated in the form of comprehensive analysis demonstrates the development and utilization of climate resources of Cheng county and the effect of meteorological disasters of agroforestry and countermeasures, based on the application of heat index and water index and comprehensive index will become county was divided into three climatic regions and two climatic subregions, namely ⅠA warm semi-humid zone grain economic crop areas,ⅡBa temperate humid climate grain economic forest area, ⅡBb mild and humid climate agriculture and forestry sub region, ⅡBc warm and mild semi-arid agricultural economy area, ⅢC temperature cool moist forests, pastoral areas.

Soil fertility status and evolution characteristic in tobacco-growing areas of Hubei province

XIE Yuan-yuan, SI Guo-han, LI Fang-ming, CHEN Tao, LIU Sheng-gao, LI Bin, DAI Hui-juan, LI Jia-ying

2020, 59(18): 39-47. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.009

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By analyzing the nutrient indexs of 3 401 soil samples collected from the main tobacco-producing areas of Hubei province in 2012, and comparing with the relevant data in 2002, the soil fertility status and its evolution characteristics in the tobacco-growing areas of Hubei province were studied. The results showed that the average soil pH in tobacco-producing areas of Hubei province in 2012 was 6.2, belonging to the weak acid level. The average contents of soil organic matter was 24.5 g/kg, and the average contents of soilalkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were 147.6, 36.9 and 239.1 mg/kg, respectively, and the soil organic matter content was moderate, while soil alkaline nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were high to abundant levels; Compared with 2002, the soil pH in the tobacco-producing areas of Hubei province showed no significant change except that in Enshi city, but the acid area increased; Soil organic matter decreased in different degrees, especially in the tobacco-producing areas of Shiyan city. In 2012, soil available phosphorus and available potassium increased significantly, which was 115.3% and 57.7% higher than that in 2002. The average values of soil exchangeable calcium, available zinc and available copper in different tobacco areas of Hubei province in 2012 were 2 105.3 mg/kg, 1.6 mg/kg and 1.1 mg/kg, respectively, which are all at a high level, while soil water-soluble chlorine and soil water-soluble boron were relatively low, and the average values are 9.8 mg/kg and 0.4 mg/kg, respectively. It can be seen that in the future production of tobacco, the application of boron fertilizer and chlorine fertilizer should be carried out scientifically and rationally according to the soil fertility conditions.

Characteristics and influencing factors of natural lake level change of Hongze lake in 1988—2017

ZHAO Yu

2020, 59(18): 48-53. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.010

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Using Landsat TM/ETM+ remote sensing image as data source, based on GIS and RS technology, using annual change rate and lake change intensity index and other methods to quantitatively analyze the change trend and characteristics of Hongze lake in 1988—2017. By collecting the meteorological data and artificial conservation data of Hongze lake in 1988—2018, combined with the local actual situation, the main causes of area change were studied in depth. ①From 1988 to 2017, the natural lake surface of Hongze lake showed a trend of shrinking-stable-shrinking. In the past 30 years, it decreased 125.81 km², the relative shrinking rate was 9.88%, and the intensity change index （Q） was -0.34. In comparison, the third stage （2009—2017） decreased significantly, followed by the first stage （1988—2000）, and the second stage （2000—2009）, which was relatively stable, with Q of -0.61, -0.24 and -0.13, respectively. In terms of regional location, the change of Hongze lake area was mainly concentrated in the west of the lake area, followed by the northeast. ②Both temperature and precipitation factors are linearly related to the change of lake level, and the overall increase of temperature in 1988—2018 promotes the increase of evaporation; The change of precipitation also leads to the decrease oflake supply. ③From 1988 to 2017, the area of artificial aquaculture expanded 20 times, which directly led to the loss of 5.0% of the natural lake. ④During the change of lake stage, policy change and flood disaster are also the driving factors that affect the change of the natural lake surface of Hongze lake. From 1988 to 2017, the natural lake surface of Hongze lake basically showed a trend of gradual shrinking. Meteorological factors, policy changes and flood and waterlogging disasters caused the lake surface to shrink, but purse seine farming was the main reason for its change.

Distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon and its influencing factors in different swamp wetland types in arid region

CHEN Tao

2020, 59(18): 54-62. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.011

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Taking wetlands in arid areas as the research object, the distribution characteristics and influencing factors of soil organic carbon in three types of wetlands： Herb marshes, seasonal salt-water marshes and inland salt marshes were studied. The results showed that the soil organic carbon content of the 0~100 cm soil layer of herbaceous marsh, seasonal saltwater marsh and inland salt marsh were 1.19~49.03, 1.62~101.14, 2.61~23.77 g/kg, respectively. The organic carbon content of seasonal saltwater marshes was significantly higher than that of herbaceous marshes; The soil organic carbon content of herbaceous marshes was significantly positively correlated with soil moisture, total nitrogen, and N/P. Seasonal saltwater the soil organic carbon of marsh wetlands was significantly correlated with soil moisture, bulk density, total nitrogen and N/P, and pH showed a very significant negative correlation. Inland salt marsh soil organic carbon was significantly correlated with total nitrogen was extremely significant positive correlation. Combined with the principal component analysis, three types of wetland F₁ contribution rate was highly correlated with soil moisture. It was proved that soil moisture was the key leading factor affecting the accumulation of soil organic carbon.

Study on the response of Urechis unicinctus and amylase activity under Cd²⁺ stress

WANG Shu-yang, WANG Yue-chen, DU Xing-lin, MU Jin-hua, LYU Dong-wei

2020, 59(18): 63-66. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.012

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Used hydrostatic test, cadmium ions solution （0, 0.2, 0.5, 0.8, 1.1 mg/L） prepared with deionized water at a water temperature of （10 ± 2） ℃ was used for 48 h acute toxicity test to Urechis unicinctus. The results showed that the activity of amylase in the body cavity of Urechis unicinctus was simply negatively correlated with the concentration of Cd²⁺ in the living water body of Urechis unicinctus, and with the increasing concentration of Cd²⁺ in the exposed water, Urechis unicinctus showed varying degrees of stress change.

Screening of high-efficiency and low-toxicity disinfectant against cucumber diseases in Wuhan city

WU Ren-feng, XIE Biao-hong

2020, 59(18): 67-70. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.013

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21 kinds of low-toxicity disinfectant commonly used in production were selected, aiming at three major diseases of cucumber, such as cucumber downy mildew, cucumber angular leaf pot, cucumber corynespora target leaf spot. The experiment of chemical control was carried out. The results showed that 100 g/L cyazofamid SC, 500 g/L fluazinam SC, 72% cymoxanil-mancozeb（Curzate） WP and 75% chlorothalonil WP, 687.5 g/L fluopicolide-propamocarb（Yin Fali）SC, 722 g/L propamocarb hydrochloride（Pulike）AS could be used to control cucumber downy mildew. 20% zinc-thiazole SC,33.5% quinoline copper SC, 3% zhongshengmycin AS could be used to control cucumber angular leaf pot. 75% trifloxystrobin-tebuconazole WDG, 40% difenoconazole-prochloraz EW, 12.5% myclobutanil EC could be used to control cucumber corynespora target leaf spot.

Effects of different fertilizing quantity on yield and economic benefit of rape varieties

LIU Nian, TANG Tian-ze, FAN Qi-xin, LI Ying-chun, MENG Da-qing, LI Zhi-fan, CHEN Jun, ZHANG Ti-gang

2020, 59(18): 71-72. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.014

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The effects of three different fertilizing quantity on yield and economic benefits of two vegetable and oil dual-use rape（Brassica campestris L.） varieties after picking were studied. Comprehensively calculating the benefits, as avegetable and oil dual-userape variety, Guohaoyou No.5 was better than Mianyou 32. The fertilizing quantity optimal fertilizing quantity for rape after picking was 90 kg/hm².

Effects of different fertilizer treatments on growth and quality of Chrysanthemum indicum L. developed in different former stub land

ZENG Ye, MA Qing, HAN Zheng-zhou, LIU Hui-hui, XIE Wen-bo

2020, 59(18): 73-77. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.015

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Using uncultivated field, rice field, rape field for researching, the formula fertilization scheme design was used, the effects of different NPK fertilization treatments on the growth, the whole plant biomass accumulation, and the linarin content changes of Chrysanthemum indicum L. were studied. The results showed that there were significant differences in growth index and effective ingredient content of Chrysanthemum indicum L. cultivated in different cropping systems, and the best treatment for the quality of Chrysanthemum indicum L. was N₂P₂K₂, which achieved the highest quality of Chrysanthemum indicum L. Therefore, the amount of fertilizer of N,P₂O₅,K₂O, respectively was 225.0 kg/hm²,120.0 kg/hm²,150.0 kg/hm².

Discussion on the way of industrialization development of Capsella bursa-pastoris（Linn.） Medic.

YUAN Chun-xin, TANG Ming-xia, CHENG Yu-jing, WU Hai-yan, WANG Xi-meng, CHEN Jian-jun, GUAN Dong-mei, QIU Xiao-feng

2020, 59(18): 78-84. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.016

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Capsella bursa-pastoris（Linn.） Medic. which is the wild vegetable is popular with consumers of Yangtze River delta and its industrialization prospect is good. But the industrialization of Capsella bursa-pastoris（Linn.） Medic. has much bottleneck problems such as technology, equipment, brand, efficiency, scale, safety, market, circulation. Solving these problems must follow the thinking of the whole industry chain and the general quality control, on the goal of quality lifing, cost reduction, efficiency improving and co-win, with the high-efficiency cultivation and equipment innovation for foundation, clear target location, for industrializationreasearchcontents of the whole set quick-frozen processing equipment based on the intelligent and automaticcharacteristics, the fall-sowing Capsella bursa-pastoris（Linn.） Medic. high yield and quality cultivation technical regulation based on fractionated sowing, the quick-frozen processing technique based on the increasing of glass transition temperature, the cold chain equipment screening and environmental control technology based on the derogation target, the multiparty win-win mechanism based on the goal of multi-industryintegration, promote the Capsella bursa-pastoris （Linn.） Medic. industrialization development by innovating business model, promoting social service, the unification of agricultural materialssupply, constructing cooperative organization, establishing typical function, supportingleading enterprise, developing service organization, lift the whole technology level of Capsella bursa-pastoris（Linn.） Medic.industrialization and the product core competence, increase benefit.

The imbalance and spatial-temporal evolution of pig breeding in China

YE Wen-xian

2020, 59(18): 85-95. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.017

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Pig breeding was an important part of agricultural production. The panel data of 31 provinces from 2004 to 2018 were selected to measure quantitatively the imbalance degree and spatial-temporal evolution of pig breeding in China. The results showed that there was obvious regional imbalance in pig breeding in China, and the main pig breeding provinces were concentrated in the central region, southwestern region, and southern region. There was a significant positive spatial correlation in pig breeding in China, and the agglomeration effect of pig breeding was more and more obvious. Star provinces mainly included Henan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan and Yunnan, while skinny dog provinces mainly included Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and Tibet. The imbalance degree of pig breeding in the whole country has changed from shrinking first to expanding. The pig breeding in potential area, key area and moderate area was relatively balanced, while the imbalance degree of pig breeding in restricted area was relatively large and expanding. The imbalance degree of pig breeding in the West and East was relatively close and higher than that in the central area. During the research period, the movement of pig breeding center mainly experienced northeast and northwest migration, and the trend of “South pig breeding in North” was obvious, while the phenomenon of “Peacock flying Southeast” was more prominent. From 2004 to 2017, the spatial distance between the focus of pig breeding and the focus of population showed a trend of first increase and then decrease, indicating that the contradiction between supply and demand of pig breeding had evolved from intensification to easing.

Research on the changes of nutrient elements content in leaves of feeding ramie Emu No.6

TANG Di-luo, XIONG Wei, DING Kun-ming, TANG Shi, WANG Hong-wu

2020, 59(18): 96-98. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.018

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The dynamic changes and the relativity of five mineral nutrients （N, P, K, Ca and Mg） of feeding ramie Emu No.6 leaves were studied during six harvest periods. The results showed that the content, absorption amount and absorption rate of the five nutrients in the leaves were N> Ca> K> Mg> P. The contents of N、P、K、Ca and Mg were different at different harvest periods. The absorption amount and absorption rate of the five elements changed in the same way, and all of them increased first and then decreased. Elements K and N, K and Mg showed remarkable negative relativity and positive relativity（P<0.05）, Ca and K, Ca and Mg showed extremely remarkable positive relativity（P<0.01）.

Pathological analysis of co-infection of PRRSV,PCV2 and HPS

YANG Yong, JIN Xin, ZHANG Wang-yuan, ZHOU Yi, YAN Wei-wu, XIE Jun

2020, 59(18): 99-102. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.019

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8 cases of swine co-infected with Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus（PRRSV）, Porcine Circovirus Type 2 （PCV2）, Haemophilusparasuis （HPS） were collected. In order to distinguish the difference in pathological between these three pathogens, gross pathology and histopathological were carried out. The results showed that when the swine co-infected with PRRSV, PCV2 and HPS, the gross pathology mainly included with increasing of fibrous exudation in the thoracic cavity and abdominal cavity, systemic lymph node enlargementing and hemorrhaging, consolidation of lung in tip and heart leaf, hemorrhagic spots on the surface of kidney and white spots on the surface of liver. The histopathological changed mainly showed polyserositis, interstitial nephritis, suppurative pneumonia, suppurative splenitis, suppurative lymphadenitis.

Optimizing of extraction process of flavonoids from Chenopodium quinoa Willd. seeds

LAI Yun-ping, LIU Xin-chun, WANG Dan-dan, YUAN Jin-e, FENG Zong-yun

2020, 59(18): 103-106. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.020

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In order to optimize the extraction process of flavonoids from Chenopodium quinoa Willd. seeds, as well as to provide theoretical basis for flavonoids exploitation and high flavonoids variety screening. Orthogonal design L₉（3⁴） test including four factors such as ethanol volume fraction, solid-liquidratio, extracting time and extracting temperature was investigated. The results showed that the influence degree of each factor on extraction content of flavonoid from Chenopodium quinoa Willd. seeds were ethanol volume fraction> extraction temperature> solid-liquidratio> extraction time. The optimum extracting conditions were extracting reagent 90% of ethanol, 1∶50（g∶mL） of solid-liquidratio, 50 min of extraction time and 50 ℃ of extraction temperature.

Optimization of enrichment and purification process of puerarin in the production of pueraria starch

XU Meng-wei, XIAO Li, LI Yi-jin, DONG Xin-rong, LIU De-ming, ZHU Chi-ming

2020, 59(18): 107-111. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.021

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The method of puerarin enrichment and purification from water discharged by producing pueraria starch using macroporous resin as adsorption material was studied. The saturated capacity of dynamic adsorption （SCD） and elution rate （ER） of fifteen type of resin for total isoflavones of pueraria was investigated. The results indicated that the SCD for total isoflavones of pueraria was 39.41 mg/mL resin and the ER of resin was 91.42% eluted by 70% ethanol aqueous at 1.0 BV/h flow rate. And 4.7 g of crude isoflavones with the content of total isoflavones of 61.67% （UV spectrophotometry） and the content of puerarin of 31.80% （HPLC） could be recovered from 3 L discharge water. A high purity sample which contained 96.37% puerarin was obtained by 5% HCl hydrolysis and recrystallization, and recovery of puerarin was 15.91%. This was the best process optimization for puerarin enrichment and purification from water extracted pueraria starch.

Optimization and activity determination of total flavonoids from Flammulina velutipes purified by ADS-8 macroporous adsorption resin

WANG Guang-hui, TAN Ji-li, DU Yan-chao, YANG Jing-yi, SHANG Ya-nan, REN Li-na

2020, 59(18): 112-115. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.022

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In order to determine the optimal conditions for the purification of Flammulina velutipes flavonoids by ADS-8 macroporous resin and the antibacterial and antioxidative properties of flavonoids after purification, the effects of pH and concentration of sample solution on the adsorption properties of flavonoids in resin and the effects of eluent dosage and eluent volume fraction on the analytical efficiency of flavonoids in the case of ethanol as eluent were studied, and the ability of purified flavonoids to inhibit Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Salmonella enteritidis was tested. The ability of scavenging 2,2-diazo-bis （3-ethyl-benzothiazole-6-sulfonic acid） diammonium salt （ABTS·） was detected. The results showed that the optimal conditions for this purification process were that the pH of the sample solution was 5, the concentration of the sample solution was 1.19 mg/mL, the volume fraction of the eluent ethanol was 70%, and the amount of ethanol was 140 mL. Under the above conditions, the purification ratio of flavonoids was 1.84 times. The flavonoids had inhibitory effects on four kinds of reference bacteria. The order of antibacterial ability was Escherichia coli> Salmonella enteritidis>Staphylococcus aureus>Bacillus subtilis. The results showed that the total flavonoids of Flammulina velutipes had the ability of scavenging ABTS·, indicating that it had antioxidant activity, but weaker than vitamin C.

Determination of the concentration of flue-cured tobacco volatile oils by UV-spectrophotography

WANG Ke-han, XIANG Huan, YANG Yi-de, ZHANG Yong-hui, ZENG Shu-hua, YANG Min-feng, GUO Shi-ping, LIU Lei

2020, 59(18): 116-120. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.023

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To determining the concentration of volatile oils solution extracted from flue-cured tobacco leaves, a method based on UV spectrophotometry was researched. Volatile oils were extracted by simultaneous distillation and diluted with dicholormethane to prepare a set of gradient solutions. Each solution was scanned by UV spectrophotomet. The best working wavelength was selected to establish linear regression equation between the concentration of volatile oil and its ultraviolet absorbance. Results showed that the volatile oils had a large absorption spectrum between 225~245 nm. The best analysis wavelength was 239 nm, the linear relationship was y =0.250 1x + 0.039 3, R²=0.999 3. Its relative error of was less than 0.5%, the limit of detection （LOD） and the limit of quantification （LOQ） of the working curve were 0.153 g/L and 0.464 g/L separately.

Rapid determination of parathion and isofenphos-methyl residues in plant foods by gas chromatography

MENG Qing-shun, ZHOU Yi-guo, LIU Qiang

2020, 59(18): 121-122. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.024

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A method was established for the determination of the content of parathion and isofenphos-methyl in plant food by gas chromatography. The method was validated by FPD detector, external standard method and automatic injection, the results showed that the detection limits of parathion and isofenphos-methyl were 2 μg/kg （1 μL, S/N=3）, the recoveries of parathion and isofenphos-methyl were 86.7%~94.5%, 89.3%~92.6%, the RSD（n=10） of parathion and isofenphos-methyl were 3.86% and 4.23% respectively.

Design and implementation of kiwifruit quality and safety control system based on internet of things

CAI Jie, YANG Li-xin, LIU Yan-fang

2020, 59(18): 123-126. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.025

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The application of internet of things, big data and other information technologies in kiwifruit production was an inevitable trend of industrial development. Compared with the traditional mode, the intelligent production mode has many advantages such as cost saving, efficiency increasing, precision and environmental protection. the kiwifruit quality and safety control system based on the Internet of things was designed for the kiwifruit intelligent production mode, and the system functions were analyzed in detail, which provided a new idea for the realization of kiwifruit intelligent production mode.

The application model of digital library scene based on blockchain technology

ZHU Bai, LI Yin

2020, 59(18): 127-132. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.026

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A hierarchicaliy scenario application model architecture of digital library based on the blockchain technology was built, and the key functional components and core service modeles of each layer in detail were introduced, finally the comprehensive and comparative analysis with the traditional digital library application scenarios was made. Results showed that the comparative analysis of the traditional and the blockchain technology service scenarios, the blockchain technology applied to the scenario application of digital library was safe and reliable, and could solve the credibility of digital library resources effectively, enhance the interoperability and scalability of the system architecture, and further realize the safe circulation of the heterogeneous digital resources.

Optimization model of agricultural products logistics network based on hybrid genetic algorithm

AI Ting-ting

2020, 59(18): 133-138. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.027

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In order to solve the optimization problem of fresh agricultural products logistics distribution system, considering the characteristics of short shelf life of fresh agricultural products, combined with the overall optimization idea of farm products logistics distribution network model, a cold chain logistics network optimization model based on hybrid genetic algorithm was established. This optimal model aims at the total operation cost of the logistics network, introduces carbon tax policy to analyze the impact of carbon tax on the total cost and carbon emissions, and proves that carbon tax policy can effectively reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the farm products logistics network. The simulation results obtained from the actual case analysis show the applicability of the model, which provides a green location allocation scheme for agricultural logistics enterprises.

Composition and quality analysis of high molecular weight glutenin subunits in Neimai variety

WANG Xiang-quan, CHEN Xing-hu, HUANG Hui-yue, WANG Ren-quan, YANG Jie-zhi, GUAN Shu-xian, WANG Shi-lin, RONG Fei-xue, WANG Yong-jun, ZHOU Hai-yan, LI Ming, CHEN Xin-yuan

2020, 59(18): 139-142. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.028

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Neimai series is one of the representative varieties of middle gluten wheat in the southwest wheat region, with a total planting area of over 3.3 million hm² in Sichuan and surrounding provinces. The composition of high molecular weight glutenin subunit （HMW-GS） in Neimai varieties was analyzed by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. It was found that the 5+10 high quality subunit in Neimai varieties was positively correlated with the processing quality of wheat with a frequency of 85.7% and a bread score of 7 points. The noodle score of Neimai varieties was higher than that of main varieties. The breeding of wheat varieties containing 5+10 high quality subunits can not only meet the market demand of middle gluten noodle wheat in southwest China, but also contribute to the improvement of wheat quality in China.

Programmable base editing efficiency study of CRISPR/Cas9-guided DNA base editors in pig genome

ZHANG Ting-ting, CHEN Tao, LI Yan-li, YANG Man-man, WEI Qiang, WANG Ran, LI Lin, LI Yong

2020, 59(18): 143-149. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.029

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The CRISPR/Cas9-based BE3（Cytosine base editor,CBE） and ABE7.10（Adenine base editor,ABE） were used to analyze and study the editing efficiency of target gene loci in pig genome. Four porcine genomic target gene loci gRNA expression vectors were designed, synthesized and constructed, which were co-transfected into PK15 cells with CBE or ABE, respectively. The PK15 cells were further cultured for 48 h, and single-base replacement efficiency and indels incidence were determined by second-generation sequencing technology. The results showed that the active editing Windows of the single base editing system BE3 and ABE7.10 were 5 nucleotides and 4 nucleotides, respectively; Both BE3 and ABE7.10 were mainly contributed to single base conversion but not indel; The two sets of single-base editing systems showed certain preference for base replacement in pig genome. In the CMAH, MC1R（1-2） and MC1R（2-1） gene editing Windows, the efficiency of C→T was 2.2%, 0.4% and 1.3%, respectively; The efficiency of A→G in pig GGTA and MSTN-2 was 1.4% and 1.4%, respectively. It is shown that both BE3 and ABE7.10 can perform effective single base substitutions for genomic target sequences in pig cells.

Study on the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of rural hollowing in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan region

NING Jin

2020, 59(18): 150-155. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.030

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Taking 23 counties （cities and districts） in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan region of Hunan province as the research area, the measurement framework and evaluation index system of rural hollowing were constructed from three aspects of land, population and economy. The evaluation index data were processed by using extremum method and variation coefficient method, and the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors of rural hollowing in the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan region from 2009 to 2018 were analyzed. The results showed that, the main factors affecting the rural hollowing were resource environment, social economy, population, management and policy.

Study on the relationship between urbanization, industrial structure and agricultural economic growth

MA Qian-li

2020, 59(18): 156-159. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.031

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Using the ratio of urban population to total population, the ratio of added value of tertiary industry to secondary industry and total agricultural output value from 2000 to 2018 as sample data, based on VAR model and cointegration test, this research studied the interaction among urbanization, industrial structure and agricultural economic growth. The results showed that urbanization and industrial structure have significant impact on agricultural economic growth. The impact of urbanization on agricultural economic growth was positive, and the impact of industrial structure on agricultural economic growth was negative. The influence of urbanization and industrial structure on agricultural economic growth should be considered comprehensively. With the passage of time, the contribution rate of urbanization to the variance of agricultural economic growth increased significantly; the contribution rate of industrial structure to the variance of agricultural economic growth increased slightly; the proportion of variance fluctuation caused by the factors of agricultural economic growth decreased significantly. We need to focused on the impact of urbanization on agricultural economic growth. Urbanization, industrial structure and agricultural economic growth had a stable long-term equilibrium relationship. In the long run, the government should ensure the coordinated development of urbanization, industrial structure and agricultural economic growth.

Analysis on the relationship between R&D investment and core competitiveness of agricultural companies

MENG Qing-jun, GU Jia-le

2020, 59(18): 160-164. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.032

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“Agriculture, rural areas and farmers” was a social issue that the Chinese government and scholars pay close attention to. The core competitiveness of agricultural companies play a very important role in China’s agricultural development. It was of great theoretical significance and application value to study the relationship between R&D investment and core competitiveness of agricultural companies. This study put forward three hypotheses from the relationship between R&D investment and core competitiveness, selected the data of 40 agricultural listed companies in a share from 2014 to 2018 as the sample for empirical analysis, and concluded that R&D investment of agricultural companies was significantly positively correlated with core competitiveness. Finally, the symbiosis theory was used to give solutions from the perspectives of agricultural companies, government, scientific research institution, securities companies and investors.

Study on the evaluation of the benefit of poverty alleviation fund investment in deep poverty counties：Take Danfeng county in Qinba mountain area as an example

GUO Meng, WANG Yi

2020, 59(18): 165-168. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.033

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Taking Danfeng county in Qinba mountain area as an example, this study used regression equation and Pearson correlation coefficient method to evaluate and analyze the input and output data of poverty alleviation from 2013 to 2019. It was found that the direct benefit of poverty alleviation fund investment was very significant, and the direct effect on the incidence of poverty was higher than the effect on disposable income of rural residents. The types of poverty alleviation fund investment had a significant impact on the income and expenditure of farmers construction. Based on this, this study put forward countermeasures and suggestions to optimize the allocation structure of poverty alleviation funds, innovate the financing mode of poverty alleviation funds, and improve the evaluation mechanism of poverty alleviation funds, so as to provided reference for the poverty alleviation of poverty-stricken counties and the government to adjust the investment policies of poverty alleviation funds.

Analysis on sisutation of world minor grain production and trade

LI Yuan-xin, QU Jia-jia, ZHANG Hui-jie, HU Xiang-dong, MA Ji-liang

2020, 59(18): 169-175. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.034

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Understanding the situation of world minor grain production and trade in the past 10 years was very important to control the changes of world minor grain production and trade, and to study and judge the future pattern of world minor grain production and trade.Based on the statistical data of world minor grain production and trade in FAOSTAT database, the evolution of world minor grain production and trade situation in recent 10 years was analyzed, and the characteristics of world minor grain production and trade situation were summarized. It was found that in the past 10 years, the world's grain yield per unit area has increased, the total output has been increasing, and the total import and export trade volume has also shown an upward trend, but the price of import and export trade has decreased. The production concentration and trade concentration of single variety of minor grain were relatively high in the world. Major production and trade varieties of minor grain were not expected to change greatly. Major production areas and major trade areas were also expected to have no major changes, but the latter was partially adjusted. There were different production characteristics and trade characteristics among different varieties of gramineous grains, edible legume grains and different varieties in the world.

Research on the coordination degree between the social economic development and cultivated land area changes in Yiwu city

LI Ru

2020, 59(18): 176-180. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.035

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Taking Yiwu city of Zhejiang province as the research object, this research used the coordination degree model to analyze the relationship between the social economic development and cultivated land area changes in Yiwu city from 2006 to 2018, and used the linear regression model to predict the coordination degree between the social economic development and cultivated land area changes in 2023 and 2028. The results showed that there was an obvious negative correlation between the social economic development and cultivated land area changes in Yiwu city from 2006 to 2018. The coordination degree of the two was low. In recent years, it was in a harmonious state and had not reached the coordination level. The coordination degree between the social economic development and cultivated land area changes will not change greatly in the next 10 years. Finally, some suggestions were put forward to promote the coordinated development between the social economy and cultivated land resources, so as to realize the sustainable development of the social economy and the rational allocation of the cultivated land resources.

Research on the construction and measurement of evaluation index system of agricultural high-quality development in Hubei province

ZHOU Xin-hao

2020, 59(18): 181-184. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.036

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Combined with the seven characteristics of agricultural high-quality development, the evaluation index system of agricultural high-quality development was constructed, and the agricultural high-quality development level of 13 cities and prefectures in Hubei province was measured. The results showed that, there were regional differences of the agricultural high-quality development in Hubei province, among which Jingmen and Wuhan were in the forefront and play the leading role in demonstration; as traditional agricultural cities, Xiangyang, Jingzhou, Huanggang and Yichang were accelerating the transformation and upgrading to the strong modern agricultural city; other cities and prefectures were relatively backward and had different shortcomings.

Comparative study on environmental protection behavior of urban and rural residents in China：Analysis based on CGSS 2013 data

CHENG Meng-guang

2020, 59(18): 185-190. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.037

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Based on CGSS 2013 data, the differences and influencing factors of environmental protection behavior of urban and rural residents in China were comparatively analyzed. The results showed that,the practice level of environmental protection behavior of urban and rural residents was low, the personal and public environmental protection behavior of urban residents was higher than that of rural residents; the positive effect of environmental problem cognition on personal environmental protection behavior of urban residents was greater than that of rural residents, and the positive effect on public environmental protection behavior of rural residents was greater than that of urban residents; environmental knowledge was helpful for urban and rural residents to take personal environmental protection behavior,but had negative effect on public environmental protection behavior of urban residents; environmental protection job satisfaction was conducive to the implementation of environmental protection behavior of urban and rural residents, but had different effects on personal environmental protection behavior and public environmental protection behavior of urban and rural residents.

Risk assessment of exhibition logistics exhibits transportation based on fuzzy fault tree

LIU Rui-xian, CAO Run-feng, LIU Jing

2020, 59(18): 191-197. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.038

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Exhibition logistics exhibits had transportation risks, and the traditional risk assessment methods were difficult to complete the task efficiently. A risk assessment method based on fuzzy fault tree was proposed based on the case of the 3rd China Garden and Garden Horticulture Exhibition in 2020. The exhibition logistics exhibits transportion failure fault tree was established, the consistent decision was used to synthesize expert opinions, the de-fuzzy output was used to get the probability of the bottom event, and the weak links of the top event were obtained by comparing the importance of fuzzy probability. The results showed that the weak links that affecting the transportion failure of exhibition logistics exhibits were mainly the complex road conditions of transportation lines, fatigue driving of transportion vehicle drivers and poor safety awareness of transportation vehicle drivers.

Evaluation of regional public brand value of agricultural products from the perspective of financial analysis

PANG Jing

2020, 59(18): 198-202. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.039

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With the further advancement of the rural revitalization strategy, how to evaluate the value of the regional public brand of agricultural products has become an important topic of agricultural brand research. At present, there was a lack of specific and in-depth research on financial elements and brand value of agricultural products. Based on the perspective of financial analysis, the evaluation index system of regional public brand value of agricultural products was constructed. Taking Ankang selenium rich tea in Shaanxi province as an example, the analytic hierarchy process method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method were used to comprehensively evaluate the Ankang selenium rich tea, in order to provide basis for stakeholders to make effective decisions.

Study on the survival dilemma and countermeasures of older unmarried men in rural areas：Based on the questionnaire survey of Zhumadian city in Henan province

SUN Zhong-gen, LI Yu-juan

2020, 59(18): 203-207. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.040

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Older unmarried men were one of the phenomena of the imbalance of population gender structure, and the social risk and harm brought by it can not be ignored. Especially in rural areas, under the influence of the traditional patriarchal ideology and the outflow of a large number of young women, there were more and more unmarried men. Due to the lack of support and dependence from their own families, most of them were faced with the dilemma of lonely life, which brought hidden dangers to the healthy and stable development of local society. Based on the questionnaire survey of older men in rural areas in Zhumadian city of Henan province,this study systematically investigated the survival conditions of older unmarried men in rural areas, clarified the survival dilemma and its cause, and put forward countermeasures and suggestions to improve the survival conditions of this group.

Analysis on poverty reduction effect and influencing factors of land use patterns of ecological immigrants in Ningxia

CHEN Wan-ming, CHANG Dong-ni, TAI Xiu-jun

2020, 59(18): 208-212. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.041

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Based on the survey data of 432 migrant households in two cities of Ningxia Hui Autonomous region, this study used the FGT poverty measurement method and binary logistic regression method to measure and analyze the poverty reduction effect and influencing factors of land use patterns of migrant households in resettlement areas. The results showed that, compared with the traditional family management of land, the overall poverty level of the new type of collective lease of land was relatively low; the financial capital and psychological capital were the most significant factors influencing the migrant households to accept the new type of collective lease of land,followed by material capital, human capital and social capital,and the influence of natural capital was not very significant. Finally, some suggestions were put forward in order to provide reference for the land use and livelihood restoration of the resettlement areas.

Research on the innovation of rural cultural governance system in southern Shaanxi

HU Ming-han

2020, 59(18): 213-216. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.18.042

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Rural culture was an important part of rural revitalization. By analyzing the current situation, existing problems and difficulties of rural cultural governance in southern Shaanxi, it was concluded that a comprehensive rural cultural governance system in southern Shaanxi must be established. On this basis, this study proposed to establish the rural cultural governance system in southern Shaanxi, which was guided by advanced ideas, comprehensive service, multi subject coordination and long-term governance guarantee, so as to provide reference and reference for the rural cultural governance in southern Shaanxi and even the whole country.

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