Table of Content

25 August 2020, Volume 59 Issue 16

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Reviews

Research progress on nutrient effect of mineral elements on kiwifruit

LI Xiu-li, DAI Zhi-gang, CHEN Zhi-wei, CHEN Zhen, ZHAI Jing-hua, JI Xiao-mei, YUE You-zhang

2020, 59(16):  5-10.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.001

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The influences of mineral elements on soil nutrition, tree nutrition, fruit yield, quality and resistance of kiwifruit（Actinidia chinensis Planch） were summarized. Mineral elements mainly included macro elements （nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium）, middle elements （calcium, magnesium, sulfur）, trace elements （chlorine, boron, zinc, iron）. The interaction between nutrients was introduced, and the appropriate ranges of nutrient concentrations in kiwifruit leaves as well as in soil were also described. Several problems on nutrition of kiwifruit research were presented, including the nutrient demand in soil for different kiwifruit species and their accumulation characteristics of nutrients, the efficient utilization of nutrients, the interaction effects of nutrients and balanced fertilization, should be focused.

Research progress of farmland abandonment process and influence factors at home and abroad

SHI Tie-chou

2020, 59(16):  11-16.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.002

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Farmland abandonment occurred in Europe at the earliest, and gradually evolved into a global phenomenon of land use, it has profoundly changed the land landscape in the vast rural areas. The scale and process of farmland abandonment in foreign countries were reviewed, influencing factors of farmland abandonment in foreign countries, abandonment and agricultural land marginalization in China, and the existing problems in the study of farmland abandonment at home and abroad were summarized, and the research on China's farmland abandonment was prospected.

Breeding & Cultivation

Changes of total flavonoids in different organs of Fagopyrum tataricum during different growth period

ZHANG Yi-zhong, DENG Lin-qiong, FENG Tu

2020, 59(16):  17-19.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.003

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The changes of total flavonoids content in different organs of five Fagopyrum tataricum materials at different developmental stages were studied. The results showed that there were differences in the content of total flavonoids in different organs at the same developmental stage and in the same organs at different developmental stages. The order of total flavonoids content was leaf > stem > root in young leaf, flowering and fruit stages. Except for material TA181, there was no significant difference in total flavonoids content between stem and root in young leaf and fruit stages, the difference of total flavonoids content in leaves, stems and roots of other Fagopyrum tataricum reached significant level. Among the roots, stems, leaves, flowers and fruits, the content of total flavonoids in flowers was the highest, followed by leaves, and the lowest in roots. The order of total flavonoids content from big to small was flower > leaf > fruit > stem > root.

Effects of salt stress on seed germination of five compositaes

ZHANG Zhi-hong, GU Kai-li, JI Jie

2020, 59(16):  20-25.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.004

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The effects of NaCl salt stress on seed germination of were studied by using the seeds of five species of compositaes, such as Calendula officinalis L.,Coreopsis drummondii Torr. et Gray,Rudbeckia hirta L.,Gaillardia pulchella Foug. and Leucanthemum maximum （Ramood） DC. The results showed that the relative germination rate, relative germination potential and relative germination index of five chrysanthemum plants were significant negatively correlated with NaCl concentration. The high NaCl environmental concentration inhibited and even poisoned the germination of five species of chrysanthemum. Different species have different tolerance to salt in compositaes. The tolerance of the Gaillardia pulchella Foug. was the weakest, and the germination rate was 0 at 0.5% NaCl concentration.The NaCl concentration of 0.5% had a significant inhibitory effect on the germination of five kinds of compositaes. In production, 0.5% can be used as the concentration limit value of soil NaCl environmental solution for the germination of these plant seeds. All five species of chrysanthemum plants have certain salt-resistant nature. They can properly accept the lower NaCl concentration environment of 0.10%~0.20%, of which 0.1% of the NaCl concentration also plays a role in promoting seed germination of the Gaillardia pulchella Foug.

Resource & Environment

Effects of different soil types on the content of copper and zinc in farmland

SONG Xiao-lan, LI Xiang, ZHENG Tong-yue, ZHAO Shan-li, DU Miao-miao, DING Jin-li

2020, 59(16):  26-29.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.005

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Four typical farmland soils （alluvial soil, lime concretion black soil, yellow-cinnamon soil and cinnamon soil） were selected to analyze the distribution characteristics of Cu and Zn contents in farmland. Results showed that the Cu content in the surface of different soils was in order as followingYellow-cinnamon soil > lime concretion black soil > cinnamon soil > alluvial soil; In addition, Cu content in yellow-cinnamon soil was significantly different from that in other three soil types. The Zn content in the lime concretion black soil was as high as 225.40 mg/kg, which was significantly higher than that in the alluvial soil, yellow-cinnamon soil and cinnamon soil. According to the vertical distribution characteristics, the contents in the surface layer（0~20 cm） of Cu and Zn in the lime concretion black soil and yellow-cinnamon soil were significantly higher than that in the 20~40 cm and 40~60 cm soil layer. For the Cu content in alluvial soil, there was no significant difference between the soil layer of 0~20 cm and 40~60 cm. However, the Cu content of 0~20 cm for cinnamon soil was significantly different from that of 20~40 cm and 40~60 cm soil layers. The content of Zn in lime concretion black soil, yellow-cinnamon soil and cinnamon soil showed a trend of gradual increased with the increase of soil depth. The content of Cu and Zn in the four different soil types was lower than the national standard, which were in the stage of cleaning and still cleaning.

Analysis and pollution risk assessment on heavy metal contents of farmland soils in Huangpi district of Wuhan city

WANG Su-ping, ZHANG Gui-you, DU Lei, HUANG Xiang, HONG Juan, JIANG Li, LIAN Zhi-cheng, ZHANG Li-hong, YE Li-xia, CHEN Gang, LI Pei-gen

2020, 59(16):  30-33.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.006

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Eight heavy metal elements （As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Ni,Pb,Zn,Hg） from 364 representative farmland soil surface samples were collected and analyzed in order to systematically understand the pollution level and ecological risk of heavy metals in the typical farmland soil in Huangpi district of Wuhan city. The single factor pollution index and Nemero comprehensive pollution index were used to evaluate the heavy metal pollution status of the farmland soil in this area. The results showed that more than 90% of the farmland soil in the area was in a clean level, and the main pollution was Cd pollution. 7.69% of the farmland soil was in the Cd pollution state, and less than 3.02% of the farmland soil was in the Cu and Ni pollution state. It was not found that the farmland soil was polluted by As, Cr, Pb, Hg and Zn elements.

Study on the effect of polyhalite on wheat in yellow soil and purple soil in western Hubei province

WU Mao-qian, CHENG Zi-zhen, LIU Dong-bi, ZHOU Ji-wen, KONG Xiang-qiong, ZHANG Xiang-cheng, LI Yong-peng, ROBERT MEAKIN, FAN Xiao-hui

2020, 59(16):  34-37.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.007

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The effect of polyhalite on wheat in yellow and purple soils collected from west Hubei province was studied by a greenhouse pot experiment in whole wheat growth duration. Results showed that, in yellow and purple soils, polyhalite treatment significantly increased grain yield of wheat by 28.7% and 46.6% respectively compared with CK （KCl） treatment, which mainly because polyhalite treatment significantly increased the amount of effective panicle by 31.2% and 37.5% in yellow and purple soils, respectively. In yellow soil, Ca and Mg uptake in wheat plant from polyhalite treatment was almost identical to that from CK treatment, whereas S uptake from polyhalite treatment was significantly higher than that from CK treatment by 44.6%; In purple soil, polyhalite treatment significantly increased Ca, Mg and S uptake in wheat plant by 7.7%, 25.0% and 81.8%, respectively. The above results implied that, wheat responded better to polyhalite in purple soil than in yellow soil, and mainly because the effective Ca, Mg and S content in purple soil was obviously lower than that in yellow soil.

Effects of soil modifiers on physical and chemical properties of green orange garden soil and growth of green orange seedlings

WU Yu-jia, JI Qing-mei, LEI Fei, ZHANG Dong-ming, YANG Chun, FU Chuan-liang, TAN Hao

2020, 59(16):  38-41.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.008

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Green orange garden soil and green orange seedling were used as materials, and different soil modifiers were used to carry out pot experiment. The results showed that the application of organic fertilizer and soil modifiers could improve the pH, available nutrients and soil structure of green orange garden soil. It can also promote the growth of green orange seedlings. Through the contrast test among the treatments, it was found that the effect of organic fertilizer （2‰） + hydrated lime （1‰） and organic fertilizer （2‰） + calcium magnesium phosphate （1‰） were the best. Compared with the control, the pH of soil increased by 1.23 and 0.82, the exchangeable aluminum content of soil decreased by 97.65% and 96.86%, respectively, the percentage of soil aggregate structure increased by more than 1.52%, and the dry weight of aboveground part of green orange seedling was higher than that of the control by more than 40.09%.

Effects of the fungi chaff of pleurotus geesteranus on vegetable and soil quality in greenhouse

JI Qing-mei, WU Yu-jia, ZANG Dong-ming, LEI Fei, ZENG Jian-hua, FU Chuan-liang, ZHANG Wen

2020, 59(16):  42-48.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.009

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The experiment of greenhouse vegetables was carried out with the materials of Chinese cabbage named snow honey, Chinese cabbage named black leaves and the fungi chaff of pleurotus geesteranus. Different application rates of fungi chaff and reduced fertilizer were set to research the effects that different contents of fungi chaff of one crop on the growth, quality and soil of three consecutive crops of vegetables. The results showed that using fungi chaff instead of chemical fertilizer N can increase the yield and quality of greenhouse vegetables and improve soil quality in a range of 20%~40% and have a certain continuation effect. The best results obtained by using the mixture of fungi chaff, sheep manure and inorganic fertilizer was that vegetables growed well, such as plant height and stem diameter were the largest, high yield and high vitamin C content, its nitrate content was the lowest or the second low. After the first harvest, compared with the control, the soil pH of the two vegetables increased by 0.18 and 0.17, the organic matter increased by 6.06% and 11.19%, the alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen increased by -1.49% and 5.08%, the available phosphorus increased by 7.73% and 4.40%, and the available potassium decreased by 1.69% and 1.99%. The yield increases of the three consecutivecrops of the Chinese cabbage named snow honey were 14.5%, 10.5% and 5.8%, respectively, the Chinese cabbage named black leaves were 12.1%, 10.5% and 7.1%, respectively.

Empirical analysis of the impact of carbon reduction policies on carbon emissions：Based on STIRPAT expansion model

LIU Ling, LI Xiao-jun, PENG Jian-bo

2020, 59(16):  49-53.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.010

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Panel data of 30 provinces （except Tibet, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan） from 2007 to 2017 were used to introduce the carbon emission reduction policy into STIRPAT model, and empirical analysis was made on the policy binding force and timeliness of carbon emission reduction policy. The results showed that for the whole country, the direct binding force and timeliness of carbon emission reduction policies were limited, while for the region, the long-term binding force and timeliness of carbon emission reduction policies in the western region were higher than those in the central and eastern regions. Finally, the study puts forward some suggestions on differentiated carbon reduction policy according to the regional impact differences of carbon reduction policies.

Land cover change analysis and trend prediction by the GM（1,1） model in Changzhutan region

GUO Rong-zhong, SHEN Hai-jian, YANG Min-hua

2020, 59(16):  54-60.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.011

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The land cover changes and the land use intensity in Changzhutan area from 2002 to 2014 were evaluated quantitatively, and its changed trends were predicted and analyzed by the GM（1,1） model. The results showed that great changes were observed in various types of land uses in the Changzhutan area from 2002 to 2014, including a net increase in the area of urban and rural land, industrial and mining land, and transportation land, and a net decrease in the area of other types of land. In the same period, the land reclamation index in Changzhutan area decreased year by year. The land development intensity index, land utilization rate index and land utilization intensity composite index all showed an increasing trend year by year. At the same time, various types of land use in the studied areas from 2017 to 2026 are predicted that unused land, gardens, grasslands, wetlands, arable land, woodlands and water areas would be to some extent reduced with the change rates about -19.15%, -12.31%, -7.10%, -3.12%, -2.80%, -1.18%, respectively. However, the areas of land for transportation, residential areas and industrial and mining land have been increased with the change rates of 35.57% and 15.61%, respectively.

Analysis on the characteristics and effects of continuous rain disaster in Hubei province

ZHENG Zhi-bin

2020, 59(16):  61-65.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.012

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Based on the daily precipitation data monitored by the national surface meteorological observation station of Hubei province in spring and autumn from 1961 to 2017, the characteristics and effects of continuous rain disasters in Hubei province are analyzed, so as to reduce the impact on production and life. The results show that the occurrence frequency of continuous rain in spring in Hubei province is higher in the south than in the north while in autumn is more in the west than in the east,and more in the south than in the north,most in the southwest of Hubei. Since entering the 21st century, the occurrence area and degree have reduced in spring, but since 2010, the occurrence scope and degree show an increasing trend in autumn; The convergence of cold and warm air in Hubei province is the main cause of continuous rain; Continuous rain not only causes heavy losses to agricultural production, but also causes harm to relevant production activities in the storage and transportation industry, and also affects people's physical and mental health, so corresponding defensive measures should be taken.

Climate change characteristics analysis of Jingzhou city from 1961 to 2018

GAO Hua-dong, DENG Yan-jun, FEI Qiang, YANG Qing-qing, LIU Shi-hui

2020, 59(16):  66-71.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.013

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In order to study the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of climate in Jingzhou city, the data of average daily temperature, daily precipitation and sunshine duration from 1961 to 2018 of six national meteorological stations in Jingzhou city were used to analyze the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of major climatic factors in Jingzhou city by using linear tendency estimation method, cumulative anomaly method and M-K mutation test method. The results showed that in the past 58 years, the trend of temperature increase in Jingzhou city, especially since the 1990s; The precipitation showed upward trend, while the annual fluctuation was large; The annual solar duration decreased significantly. The temperature increase of Jingzhou city was mainly from February to May and from September to December. The precipitation increase trend was obvious in July, and the precipitation decrease was mainly in autumn; The decrease of sunshine duration in summer was the main reason for the poor illumination in Jingzhou city. The trend of climate change in stations Jingzhou city was basically the same, only the annual precipitation of Songzi station showed a decreasing trend, which was contrary to the overall change trend of Jingzhou city. With the warming of the climate, the heat resources of Jingzhou city increased obviously.

Preliminary study on mildew mechanism of peanut seeds

YANG Shu-xiang, LIU Jin-xuan, JIANG Yang

2020, 59(16):  72-75.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.014

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According to the temperature and humidity characteristics of four seasons in Wuhan city, four different temperatures （8, 18, 28, 35 ℃） and air relative humidity （55%, 75%, 85%, 90%） were set to study the mould of peanut and calculate the mould rate. Two strains were isolated and inoculated from moldy peanut by dilution plate method. The results showed that the mould rate of peanut seeds reached 80.0% under the condition of 90% humidity and temperature of 28 ℃. It was preliminarily identified as Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger by morphological observation and microscope.

Plant Protection

Experiment on Spodoptera frugiperda control with a mixture of insecticide and spray additives

ZHOU Hai-liang, MA Xue-lin, SONG Guo-feng, ZHANG Shu

2020, 59(16):  76-77.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.015

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The control experiments were carried out by using emamectin benzoate-indoxacarb 9%SC、emamectin benzoate 5%WG and emamectin benzoate 5%WG+pesticide adjuvant. The results showed that the treatment control effects of emamectin benzoate 5%WG+pesticide adjuvant was significantly higher than other treatments. The control effects 1, 3 and 7 days after treatment was 83.2%, 91.3% and 93.4%, respectively.

The effect of four kinds of medium types on Verticillium dahliae V991b and its mutant

HUANG Wei, YUAN Bin, JIN Li-rong, YANG Xiao-lin, ZHANG Rui-yang, WAN Peng

2020, 59(16):  78-84.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.016

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In order to understand the biological characteristics and pathogenicity of Verticillium dahilae V991b and its mutant V991w, the effects of different conditioned medium on the growth and pathogenicity of the two pathogens were investigated. The results showed that the growth curve of two strains on different types of medium was linear basically. The growth rate of V991b on PDA was significantly different from other types of medium. And the growth rate of V991w on PDA and PCA medium was significantly different from other two types of medium. After cultiviated 15 days on PDA medium, there was no significantly difference between the colony diameter of V991b and that of V991w. During amplified the fungi in Czapek’s liquid medium and then inoculated the cotton seedling, the pathogenicity of V991b and V991w was quite different. The disease index on 25 days of inoculated was 56.63 and 23.23, respectively. However, the disease index of cotton seedlings inoculated with Czapek’s-cotton leaf tissue liquid medium was significantly reduced, and the disease index of V991b and V991w at 25 d inoculation was only 12.12 and 7.32. The plant tissue culture medium had no significant effect on the diameter of the microsclerotia, but it had significant inhibitory effect on the number of microsclerotia and the growth of hypha.

Synthesis and fungicidal activity of N-alkylated glycine ethyl ester-phenazine-1-carboxylic acid derivatives

XIONG Yong-tong, HU Jin-yu, WANG Yun-ping, WU Qing-lai, LI Jun-kai

2020, 59(16):  85-87.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.017

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In order to obtain highly active compounds, six novel N-alkylated glycine ethyl ester-phenazine-1-carboxylic acid derivatives were designed and synthesized using phenazine-1-carboxylic acid as a lead compound. The target compounds were characterized by ¹H NMR and HIGH resolution MASS spectrometry. The fungicidal activity of the target compounds was tested. The results showed that the synthesized target compounds had certain fungicidal activity against the six tested fungi.

Horticulture & Local Products

Introduction test of three different banana varieties in Huangzhou district

YAN Liang, CHEN Zhan-peng, JIANG Yan-yan, GE Chang-jun, XU Li-rong, DAI Jun-fen

2020, 59(16):  88-90.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.018

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Three different banana varieties were introduced, two transplanting periods were set, the adaptability of different banana varieties was discussed through the analysis of their morphological characteristics, leaf growth dynamics, yield related characters and suitability in Huangzhou district of Huanggang city of Hubei province. The results showed that the suitable transplanting period of banana variety A was before June 18;the suitable transplanting period of banana variety C was before August 26, and this variety banana was the early ripe banana variety, the growth period was about 12 months; the suitable transplanting time of banana variety B in Huangzhou district was yet to be determined by further studies. In Huangzhou district, from April to June and from October to November were the suitable period for banana growth. Therefore, in banana introduction and cultivation management, some agricultural practices such as fertilization can be carried out in advance to improve the yield and quality of banana.

Effects of sawdust from cinnamon processing residue on the growth of Ganoderma lucidum

ZHAN Nian-yong, LU Rong-sheng, DENG Li-jie, TANG Xuan, HAN Mei-li, LU Tai-rong, CHEN Jin-ning

2020, 59(16):  91-95.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.019

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The effects of sawdust from cinnamon processing residue on the growth of Ganoderma lucidum were studied. The results showed that the growth rate of Ganoderma lucidum could be promoted by adding sawdust from cinnamon residue sawdust in different growth stages. The growth rate of mycelia could reach to 8.2~8.4 mm/d and the storage time of strain could be extended to 9 months when adding 75~150 g/L of cinnamon processing residue sawdust to the gar medium. The growth rate of mycelia could reach 8.4 mm/d and 9.3 mm/d when adding 200~300 g/kg and 300~500 g /kg of cinnamon processing residue sawdust to the primary seed medium and culture medium respectively, obvious higher than that of the control. Adding 450~600 g/kg of cinnamon processing residues sawdust and 75~100 g/kg of clay soil to medium for fruiting of Ganoderma lucidum could increase the biological conversion rate to 66%~72%.

Effects of organic fertilizer on the composition and quality of tobacco leaves

YANG Zi-jun, SHEN Hong-tao, XU Chen-sheng, MA Shu-hao, ZHAO Peng-li, LI Guang-zhao

2020, 59(16):  96-99.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.020

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In order to study the effects of different kinds of organic fertilizer on the composition and quality of flue-cured tobacco, five treatments（1 500 kg/hm²） were used in the field experiment,included rapeseed cake fertilizer （T1）, sesame cake fertilizer （T2）, earthworm manure （T3）, high carbon base fertilizer （T4） and chemical fertilizer control （9N∶9P∶27K） （T5）. The effects of fertilizer types on the chemical composition and quality evaluation of flue-cured tobacco were studied. The results showed that the application of rapeseed cake fertilizer, sesame cake fertilizer, earthworm manure and high-carbon base fertilizer could affect the content of components and the results of smoking evaluation in the K326 tobacco planting area of Shaowu city. There were many factors that affected the content of components and smoking evaluation of the flue-cured tobacco. Taking permeability index as an example, sesame cake fertilizer treatment had the best penetrability, aroma quality and the lowest total nitrogen content; permeability was related to aroma quality, reducing sugar, sugar alkali ratio and nitrogen and potassium content. Rapeseed cake fertilizer had the best permeability to C3F tobacco, which was related to potassium content. 1 500 kg/hm² sesame cake fertilizer or rapeseed cake fertilizer could comprehensively improve the permeability of tobacco leaves.

Discovery and research of new distribution species of endangered plants Primula mallophylla in Hubei province

YANG Lin-sen, PENG Jin-long, LI Hong-tao, WANG Jing, XIE Xiao-lin

2020, 59(16):  100-101.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.021

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Primula mallophylla, a new species of Primula in Primulaceae from Hubei province, was found in Shennongjia, western Hubei. Supplementary descriptions were made according to the specimens. The habitat characteristics of this species were described. The causes of endangerment of this extremely endangered species were preliminarily analyzed, and suggestions for strengthening protection were put forward.

Effects of different water quality on main physicochemical composition and quality of Yinghong No.9 black tea infusion

ZHOU Qiao-yi, LING Cai-jin, LIN Wei-peng, LIU Shu-mei, GUAN Jie-ting, GAO Li-yang

2020, 59(16):  102-107.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.022

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Yinghong No.9 black tea was chosen as test material for investigation of the color, pH, electrical conductivity and main quality components of tea infusion when five types water （ultra pure water, tap water, natural mountain spring water, natural mineral water, purified water） were applied. Through correlation analysis, the effects of different water quality on the color and quality components of Yinghong No.9 black tea soup were studied. The results showed that pH, conductivity and soluble solids content of water samples increased, brightness of tea infusion decreased and redness increased, different water quality had significant influence on the total catechins, especially ester catechin.

The preliminary adaptability of 7 tea plant cultivars in Guilin

ZHANG Ling-yun, SU Min, QIN Yu-long, JIANG Chang-jian, LI Shu-yi, LI Zhuo-yi, QING Yan

2020, 59(16):  108-111.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.023

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Taking Fudingdabai as the control,two years comprehensive adaptability evaluation were carried out about Zhonghuang No.1, Longjingchangye,Longjing 43,Huangjinya, Cuiyu, Zhongbai No. 1, Hongyan No.12 in Guilin city. The results showed that the general performance of,Longjing 43,Longjingchangye, Zhonghuang No.1,Huangjinya, Cuiyu,Hongyan No.12 were exceeded or closed to the control in the growth potential, phenological period, processing quality, and resistance,which were suitable for planting in tea-producing areas of Guilin. Among them, Longjing 43 had the best comprehensive performance, which was mainly reflected in its strong adaptability, high transplanting survival rate and excellent tea quality. However, Zhongbai No.1 was unsuitable for tea planting in tea-producing areas of Guilin.

Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

Effect of forage sweet sorghum silage instead of silage corn on nutrient digestibility, body weight gain of lambs

WANG Hong-bo, LI Wei-hong, YANG Xiao-ling, GAO Ya-qin, XI Bin

2020, 59(16):  112-114.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.024

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In order to study the effect of forage sweet sorghum silage instead of silage corn on lamb performance and nutrient digestion and metabolism. Thirty 3-month-old （28.10±0.32 kg） healthy weaned lambs were randomly divided into three groups （I was corn silage group, II was sweet sorghum corn silage group, III was sweet sorghum silage group）, each group had 10 lambs, and were fed and digested separately. The results showed that there was no significant effect on the performance of lambs （P>0.05）. The apparent digestibility of group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that of group Ⅲ （P<0.01）, while the different between that of groupⅠand group Ⅱ was not significant （P>0.05）. Lamb had no significant effect on the apparent digestibility of other nutrients in corn silage and 50% sweet sorghum silage instead of 50% corn silage （P>0.05）, but had no significant effect on other nutrients. The results showed that sweet sorghum silage can be used as high quality feed for meat sheep, and 50% of sweet sorghum straw and silage can replace corn silage respectively, which can improve the N retention rate and CP digestibility of lamb.

Diagnosis of mixed infection of Riemerella anatipestifer with duck paramyxovirus disease

LUO Ling, LI Li, WANG Hong-cai, WEN Guo-yuan, LUO Qing-ping, WANG Hong-lin, LU Qin, SHANG Yu, SHAO Hua-bin, WANG Xiao-zhong

2020, 59(16):  115-117.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.025

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：In July 2019, it happened the outbreak of disease and caused a lot of death on a farm of 10 000 ducks in Hubei province.Based on laboratory bacteriological diagnosis and virological diagnosis, the results showed the ducks infected with Riemerella anatipestifer and paramyxovirus.

Isolation, identification and drug resistance analysis of Staphylococci in the air of chicken houses

LU Yuan-qing, ZHANG Teng-fei, SHAO Hua-bin, ZENG Chi

2020, 59(16):  118-121.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.026

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Coagulase-negative staphylococci （CoNS） are a group of opportunistic pathogens, which are widely spread in the environment. Animal breeding is an important source of pathogen spreading. However, the prevalence and characteristics of CoNS in the bioaerosols of poultry houses are unclear. In this study, through further isolation and identification of bacteria collected from bioaerosols in poultry farms, 102 strains of coagulase-negative staphylococci were collected. Among these isolates, 41.18% isolates were Staphylococcus sciuri, which was the predominant species, followed by S. equorum （21.57%）, S. saprophyticus （18.63%）, S. haemolyticus （10.78%） and S. xylosus （5.88%）. Resistance analysis showed that high resistance rates to penicillin, ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, tetracycline, clindamycin and oxacillin among these staphylococci. The presence of mecA was screened by PCR in all CoNS, and it showed that 36.3% isolates contained resistance gene mecA and were resistance to oxacillin, and mecA is a marker resistance gene of methicillin-resistant S. aureus （MRSA）.

Storage & Processing

Study on the effectiveness of sensory quality evaluation of paper-process reconstituted tobacco

WANG Yan-hong, ZHOU Gui-yuan, TU Yan-gang, ZHANG Xiang-hui, ZHANG Wen-jun, WANG Xiao-sheng, ZHANG Yan

2020, 59(16):  122-125.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.027

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Usingthe cigarettewhich made by reconstituted tobacco as the research object, based on the characteristics of reconstituted tobacco and the method ofattributeconsistency, the sensory quality of paper-made tobacco leaves was evaluated from the aspects of aroma characteristic, coordination, smoke characteristic, taste characteristic and combustion characteristic, and the evaluation data was compared with the standard score, and the results were analyzed for attribute consistency. The results showed thatthe Kappa value was more than 0.70. The sensory quality of paper-process reconstituted tobacco leaves was stable and consistent with experts, and the sensory evaluation data was effective. The method was accurate, simple and easy to operate.

Optimization of extraction technology of total flavonoids from Chinese medicine Schisandra propinqua

TANG Chun-li, WEI Jiang-cun, LU Mei-yuan, XIE Zhen, CHEN Hong-xia, ZHAO Feng-xian

2020, 59(16):  126-129.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.028

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The total flavonoids of Schisandra propinqua were extracted by reflux extraction method. The effects of extraction method, extraction solvent volume fraction, extraction volume and extraction time on the total flavonoids content of the medicinal materials were investigated by single factor experiment. The orthogonal test was used to optimize the extraction conditions. The best extraction process for a total flavonoid of Schisandra propinqua was screened out. The results showed that the optimal extraction process of a total flavonoid of Schisandra propinqua was 70% methanol, the ratio of material to liquid was 1∶40（m∶V）, and the reflux extraction time was 1.0 h. This method could effectively determine the content of total flavonoids in Schisandra propinqua medicinal material, the repeatability was good, the method was stable and feasible.

Identification and mutation breeding of a halophilic strain with high α-amylase-producing activity

ZHANG Wei, WU Xiao-wei, YAO Yan-hong, ZHANG Fen-fen, ZHOU Xiao-lun

2020, 59(16):  130-133.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.029

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A halophilic strain NWU-8 that produced α-amylase was isolated and screened from the soil. Through morphological, physiological and biochemical and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the strain NWU-8 was identified as Halorubrum sp., and the initial amylase activity was 32 U/mL. In order to improve the ability of the strain to produce α-amylase, the strain NWU-8 was mutated by He-Ne irradiation. After the mutation, the mutant NWU-8-14 produced alpha-amylase activity up to 138 U/mL, which was 331% higher than the wild strain. In addition, when the salt concentration was as high as 35%, its α-amylase activity still maintained 80 U/mL. NWU-8-14 was a kind of salt phages with high amylase production. This mutant strain had broad application prospects in food fermentation and environmental protection.

Detection Analysis

Comparison on infrared spectrum, thermal properties and microstructure between edible bird’s nest and tremella

DING Rong, WU Qiu-di, ZOU Yin-bo, LI Mei

2020, 59(16):  134-138.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.030

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In order to distinguish the chemical structure, thermal properties and microstructure between edible bird’s nest and tremella, the chemical functional groups of edible bird’s nest and tremella were analyzed with infrared spectrum （FTIR）, the first and the second derivatives as well as Norris first derivative of FTIR were studied, the thermal properties were analyzed with comprehensive thermal analyzer, and their surface microstructure were observed with SEM. The results showed that the main absorption position of infrared spectrum of edible bird’s nest was close to tremella while the absorption peak intensity are fairly different with that of edible bird’s nest being stronger. The absorption peaks of protein, amino acid, and the hydroxyl, methyl, and methylene of polysaccharide were observed at 3 431 and 2 922 cm^-1. The protein amide I band, II band, and III band stretching absorption peak were observed at 1 636, 1 448, 1 384 cm^-1. However, tremella had absorption peak of fat around 1 732 cm^-1. In the fingerprint region with a wave number less than 1 300 cm^-1, the first and the second derivatives and the Norris first derivative of edible bird’s nest and tremella showed great differences. Thermal weight loss curves and DSC curves betweenedible bird’s nest and tremella were significantly different. Thermal weight loss of bird’s nest was greater at 160~400 ℃, while that of tremella was greater at 250~400 ℃. There are distinct differences on microstructure ofedible bird’s nest and tremella. Obvious strip texture oriented in a certain direction can be seen on the surface of edible bird’s nest while considerable convex body accumulated on the surface of tremella. The results provided the basis to distinguish edible bird’s nest and tremella in spectral analysis and microstructure using integrated approaches.

Study on quality analysis method of konjac

YIN Gui-fang, SUN Dao-wang, LU Wen-jie, WANG Yan-qing, WANG Ling, WANG Li-hua

2020, 59(16):  139-141.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.031

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In order to reduce breeding cost and shorten breeding years, the quality of konjac was analyzed by means of oven baking a few samples and small pulverizer grinding. The results showed that only 600 g fresh konjac could accurately measure the water content, powder yield and viscosity of a sample, absolute deviation of moisture content measurement value was within 0.3%, absolute deviation of powder yield measurement value was within 0.16%, the absolute deviation of the determination value of the viscosity of fine powder was far less than that of the secondary independent determination result specified in the national standard for agricultural industry NY/T494—2010, which was less than 1 000 mPa.s. This method provided an important reference for the selection and breeding of konjac superior varieties, and laid a foundation for accelerating the breeding process of konjac.

Evaluation of uncertainty in the determination of cadmium in food by ICP-MS

ZHOU Ling, WAN Chun-yan

2020, 59(16):  142-144.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.032

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According to the JJF1059.1—2012 standard, the measurement model was established to determine and calculate the uncertainty components in the determination process, and analyze the uncertainty in the determination of cadmium in foods by ICP-MS. The results showed that the main influence factors of uncertainty were the calibration of the standard curve fitted by least square method, the reproducibility of measurement and the standard recovery. In order to improve the accuracy of the measurement results, the control of these aspects should be strengthened.

Information Engineering

Research and development of the embedded intelligent maintenance management system of agricultural tools

LIU Kun

2020, 59(16):  145-148.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.033

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In the agricultural tool maintenance process, it was necessary to ensure that agricultural maintenance tools are not missed or lost. At present, it was inefficient, wasted manpower and material resources that the manual supervision method was generally adopted. The intelligent management system for agricultural maintenance tools was studied and developed to solve problems of airport maintenance. With various technologies of the Internet of things, RFID tags were attached on the surface of maintenance tools, and tool management information was obtained by scanning and identifying the tags on the maintenance tools.

Design and test of hole-type seed meter

LU Wei-an, HUANG Shi-ming, FENG Tian-yu, CHENG Jie, HAO Wen-bin, WANG Ben-yi

2020, 59(16):  149-152.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.034

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The seed meter is the core component of the rice direct seeder,and its performance directly affects the operation of the rice drill. Firstly,selected the type of seeder by briefly describing the type of seeder,and calculated the main parameters of the device. Secondly,the stress generated by the seed meter in the working process was analyzed. Finally,the bench test was carried out. The rationality of seed meter design was verified. The results showed that the design of this device conforms to the agronomic requirements of rice direct seeding.

Research on identification of agricultural insects based on depth residual network with multi-feature and multi-granularity

LI Yan-hong, FAN Tong-ke

2020, 59(16):  153-157.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.035

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In order to realize insect identification under complex farmland background, this paper proposed a multi-feature and multi-granularity insect identification method based on deep residual network. Compared with the traditional SVM and BP neural network, the accuracy of insect identification based on deep residual network was significantly improved in complex farmland background. Compared with the deep convolutional neural network such as AlexNet, the performance of our method was further improved after the depth residual learning optimization. And the accuracy of 98.67% was obtained on the classification of crop insect images under the background of 10 types of complex farmland. Therefore, this method has high practical application value and can be integrated into the actual agricultural insect control task with the currently used agricultural networking system.

Analysis and prediction model of meteorological restriction factors of Anhui province rapeseed single yield based on decision tree algorithm

YANG Xiao-bing, YANG Chen, REN Zhong, YANG Jun

2020, 59(16):  158-160.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.036

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Aiming to construct a local rapeseed single yield forecasting model based on analysis of the influence of meteorological factors on rapeseed yield in Anhui region, the datas containing surface meteorological data of 78 observation sites in Anhui province from 1999 to 2018 and rapeseed single yield of 78 counties （cities, districts） from 2000 to 2018 were collected. The decision tree algorithm was adopted to analyze influence of meteorological factors on rapeseed output which finally screened out the main factors. A predictive model of rapeseed output based on support vector machine （SVM） was constructed. The results showed that the main meteorological factors which affected rapeseed yield were wetting index during maturity, average temperature during bud stage, wetting index at seedling stage and flowering stage. The root mean square error between predicted and measured value was 402 kg/hm², and fitting index was 0.72 which proved the prediction model behaves well on the whole.

Economy & Management

Analysis on the integration of professional work and financial management in provincial agricultural sciences research units under the new situation

XU E, CHEN Jie, LI Kui, HU Die

2020, 59(16):  161-165.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.037

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The problems existing in the financial management of the current provincial agricultural sciences research units were analyzed. Under the new situation of scientific and technological innovation and the reform of “decentralization, management and service”, the importance of the integration of professional work and financial management in provincial agricultural sciences research units has been clarified, and the difficulties and obstacles of the integration of professional work and financial management have also been discussed. From the aspects of strengthening financial management system innovation,enhancing the awareness of the integration of professional work and finance management, strengthening informatization construction, innovating horizontal scientific research project funding management, setting up scientific research financial assistant positions, and improving the assessment and incentive mechanism, countermeasures and suggestions have been put forward to promote the integration of professional work and financial management in provincial agricultural sciences research units.

Research on tourism image of the Song Dynasty of Kungfu city based on network text analysis

GUO Meng-di, TIAN Yu-hui, SUN Li-qiang, WANG Peng-fei

2020, 59(16):  166-171.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.038

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Take the Song Dynasty of Kungfu city in Kaifeng city of Henan province as an example,through websites such as Ctrip.com,LY.com and Mafengwo.com, the related comments and travel notes of the scenic spot were obtained. By using the network text analysis method and the Rost Content Mining software, the high-frequency feature words analysis, semantic network analysis and emotional analysis of the text were carried out,so as to study the tourists' perception of the tourism image of the scenic spot. The results showed that, tourists have a deep perception of the cultural theme characteristics of the Song Dynasty of Kungfu city, and have high satisfaction with the tourism activities. The emotional attitude was mainly positive, while negative emotions mainly focus on the facilities and services of the scenic spot. Therefore,the scenic spot should strengthen cultural publicity, and focus on improving the quality of facilities and services in scenic spot, so as to further enhance the tourism image of the scenic spot.

Evaluation and analysis of the development efficiency of circular agriculture：Take Mianyang city in Sichuan province as an example

TANG Di, CHEN Chang-hong, PU Yang-hua

2020, 59(16):  172-175.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.039

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Developing circular agriculture was an important way to promote agricultural modernization. Through the evaluation and analysis of the development efficiency of circular agriculture in Mianyang city of Sichuan province, it can effectively promote the development of local circular agriculture and realize green development while realizing the transformation of agricultural modernization. The CCR model of DEA methods was used to evaluate the development efficiency of circular agriculture in Mianyang city. The results showed that in 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2017, the index efficiency of circular agriculture in Mianyang city reached the relative optimal, and DEA was effective; but in 2016, the index efficiency did not reach the optimal, and DEA was invalid. Finally, some suggestions on how to adjust the development efficiency of circular agriculture in Mianyang city were put forward.

Evaluation of the implementation effect of general land use planning based on GIS:Take Haian county as an example

YAO Yi, LIU Fu-cheng, LU Xia

2020, 59(16):  176-180.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.040

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The general land use planning was a macro-strategic measure to coordinate the development, utilization and protection of regional land resources and promote the coordinated development of regional economy, society and environment. Evaluation of the implementation effect of general land use planning was an important way to supervise the implementation process of land use planning and improve the utilization efficiency of land resources. Based on the data of the second land survey of Haian county in 2009, the data of land use status in 2014 and the data of land use planning in 2020, the implementation effect of the general land use planning of Haian county was evaluated. The results had reference value for the revision of land use planning and the optimization of land use direction of Haian county.

Study on sustainable development of Yellow River ecological belt：Take eight cities along the Yellow River in Henan province as an example

FU Biao, TANG Zheng-qing, WANG Xing, YAO Ming-feng, ZHANG Xiang-feng, WANG Dong-feng, WEN Chang-you

2020, 59(16):  181-183.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.041

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The Yellow River ecological belt was an important way to practice the concept of green development, an important carrier to carry out the rural revitalization strategy, and an important area to promote the overall development of urban and rural areas, which was of great significance and far-reaching impact. Taking eight cities along the Yellow River in Henan province as an example,this study showed that,the Yellow River ecological belt basin was short of water resources, the ecological environment was fragile, and the task of poverty alleviation and the construction of floodplain were arduous. The suggestions are put forward for the sustainable development of the Yellow River ecological belt,such as promoting the construction of the Yellow River ecological belt as a national strategy, carrying out pilot demonstrations for the coordinated development of ecological civilization in river basin, supporting the protection and development of the Yellow River floodplain, and planning the construction of the core demonstration zone for the Yellow River ecological belt. It provided new ideas and methods for the construction of the Yellow River ecological belt.

Solving the problems and countermeasures of Mengzi pomegranate sales based on e-commerce mode

DING Peng-li, TAN Shao-jie, WANG Chang-mei, ZHANG Wu-di, YIN Fang, ZHAO Xing-ling, WU Kai, LIU Jing, YANG Hong, LIU Shi-qing

2020, 59(16):  184-187.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.042

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In recent years, under the background of “Internet plus” rapid development, Mengzi city in Yunnan province took e-commerce into rural comprehensive demonstration project as a breakthrough,and comprehensively promoted and encouraged public entrepreneurship and innovation. However, due to the lack of talents,technologyand other factors,there were some difficulties in the development of rural e-commerce in Mengzi. This study analyzed the current situation of Mengzi pomegranate e-commerce development, found out the problems existing in the development of Mengzi pomegranate e-commerce through field visits, access to information and other methods, and put forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.

Evaluation and development of ecotourism resources in Niubeiliang forest park

WANG Xin-xin, WANG Yi, ZHANG Xue, LI Rong-rong

2020, 59(16):  188-192.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.043

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With the improvement of living standards, people’s spiritual needs were increasing. With the rapid development of tourism, ecotourism was playing a more and more important role in the tourism industry. However, the level of ecotourism resources in each scenicspot was different, and the development status was also different. Taking Niubeiliang forest park as an example, this study comprehensively evaluated the ecotourism resources of the park and analyzes its development status. According to the results of ecotourism resources evaluation and development status analysis, the corresponding development countermeasures were put forward to promote the further development of Niubeiliang forest park.

Rural Revitalization

Analysis on the willingness and influencing factors of farmers' participation in livestock and poultry care in poverty-stricken areas：Investigation based on Hotan city in Xinjiang

CUI Yu-hang, GUAN Zhi-qiang

2020, 59(16):  193-196.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.044

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Livestock and poultry care was a pioneering work in the targeted poverty alleviation work in the poor areas of southern Xinjiang. Based on the relevant survey data of Hotan city in Xinjiang, Logit model was used to analyze the willingness and influencing factors of farmers participation in livestock and poultry care. The results showed that the influence of age, family labor force, single breed and policy compliance on their willingness to participate in livestock and poultry care was not significant. Gender, education level, participation in breeding technology training, understanding of livestock and poultry care, quantity of livestock and poultry, breeding history, and government guidance had a significant impact on farmers’ willingness to participate in livestock and poultry care. Finally, put forward some countermeasures and suggestions to improved the willingness of farmers’ participation in livestock and poultry care.

Evalution on the comprehensive inheritance degree of rural red culture in Shangluo city

ZHU Bai, YANG Zeng-qiang

2020, 59(16):  197-202.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.045

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Taking Beikuanping town in Shangluo city of Shaanxi province as an example, the evaluation index of comprehensive inheritance degree of red culture in Beikuanping town was obtained by applying grounded theory. The evaluation index system was constructed from four aspects of township economic construction, township party building , township cultural confidence and township ecological civilization.The expert evaluation method was used to endow each evaluation index with five subordinate degrees, and the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process （FAHP） was used to determine the weight of each evaluation index. The fuzzy comprehensive inheritance degree evaluation model and the maximum membership principle were used to obtain the comprehensive inheritance evaluation grade of red culture in Beikuanping town, which was the maximum value of 0.347 in the comprehensive evaluation, and the evaluation result was corresponding to good ,and make the specific analysis in order to provide the basis for Shangluo rural red culture inheritance.

Research on the dilemma and path of rural ecology civilization construction under the rural revitalization strategy: Based on the theoretical perspective of ecological modernization

LI Ye-zi

2020, 59(16):  203-205.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.046

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Ecological civilization was one of the five requirements of the rural revitalization strategy. Under the influence of the modernization process, the construction of rural ecological civilization was faced with the practical problems of lagging ecological governance concept, single ecological governance subject and limited ecological governance technology. From the theoretical perspective of ecological modernization, this research put forward optimization strategies from three aspects of ecological governance concept, ecological governance subject and ecological governance technology, so as to promote the construction of rural ecology civilization.

Investigation and consideration on prosperity of industry in Jianghan Plain under background of rural revitalization： Take six villages in Jingzhou and Jingmen of Hubei province as examples

BIE Xiao-shuang

2020, 59(16):  206-210.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.047

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Industrial prosperity is an important basis for rural revitalization. It is an important task to highlight the advantages and characteristics, cultivate and expand rural industries, and accelerate the integration of primary, secondary and tertiary industries in rural areas. Jianghan Plain is an important part of the demonstration area of rural revitalization in Hubei province. Based on the investigation of six villages in Jingzhou and Jingmen of Hubei province, this study analyzes the current situation of rural leading industry development, summarizes the experience of rural industry development, and puts forward relevant suggestions for the problems found.

Evaluation on county development level under the background of characteristic towns cultivation：Take Shandong province as an example

LIU Xuan, ZHANG Miao, LI Yan-ni, JIA Ji-ming, WANG Jie

2020, 59(16):  211-216.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.16.048

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As an important part of the new urbanization and rural revitalization strategy,the cultivation of characteristic towns must be based on the development level and resources endowment of the county. The comprehensive evaluation index system of county development level was constructed from three dimensions of economic development, social service and ecological environment. The development level of counties （cities and districts） of 21 national characteristic towns in Shandong province was quantitatively measured and objectively classified by using entropy method and cluster analysis method. The results showed that,the development of 21 counties （cities and districts） exist problems of dual imbalances. One was the unbalanced development among the eastern areas,central Yimeng areas and inland remote areas; the other was the unbalanced development among economic development,social service and ecological environment. In order to promote the coordinated development of counties and improve the planning construction of characteristic towns, it was necessary to scientifically plan the layout of county competitiveness,optimize the resources allocation of characteristic towns; deeply excavate the industrial characteristic, condense the core competitiveness of characteristic towns,and strengthen the innovation carriers status of characteristic towns under the promotion of concept and technological innovation.