HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES

Advances on chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Menispermaceae

WEI Jiang-cun, WEI Zhong-xuan, XIE Zhen, CHEN Yong, HAN Qian, HUANG Zhou-yan

2019, 58(20): 5-8. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.001

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In recent years,the study about chemical ingredients and pharmacological effects of Menispermaceae are growing.The chemical composition in addition to alkaloids, flavonoids, anthraquinones and etc material also have been reported. In order to have more understanding and more reasonable standard for clinical use,the chemical components and pharmacological effects of Menispermaceae were summaried.

Research development and trend on risk assessment of aflatoxin M₁ in dairy products

GUO Yao-dong, REN Jia-yu, HAN Xiao-jiang, HE Jia-jia, YUE Tian-li

2019, 58(20): 9-13. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.002

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Aflatoxin M₁ （AFM₁） is the mycotoxin with carcinogenicity and genotoxicity,which is the hydroxylated metabolite of aflatoxin B₁（AFB₁） found in lactating animals that have consumed feed contaminated with AFB₁,which mainly distributed in dairy products. A timely, scientific and objective assessment of the food safety risk caused by the contamination of the AFM₁ in the dairy product can provide scientific basis for the establishment of a reasonable and effective risk management policy for the food safety management institution. The latest progress and limitations of AFM₁ risk assessment in dairy products by food safety authoritative management research institutions and different scholars at home and abroad in recent years are systematically discussed,and the focus and development trend of future work in this field are analyzed, in order to effectively manage the food safety risk caused by AFM₁ and other mycotoxins as the next step of scientific evaluation, and provide some reference to scientifically estimate and control the corresponding risk to ensure the health for consumers.

Recent advances in research on callus formation and influencing factors of sweet potato

LYV Xiao-long, SUN Jie, WANG Xi-zhuo, WANG Cai-xia, ZHOU Xin-qun, CHEN Lin

2019, 58(20): 14-20. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.003

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Callus treatment is a pretreatment measure to ensure the effective and safe storage of sweet potato （Ipomoea batatas L.）, which not only contributes to the formation of sweet potato callus periderm and prevents the infection of diseases, but also effectively reduces the loss of water during storage. The research and promotion of the hot callus and equipment of sweet potato is of great significance to the development of sweet potato industry in China. The research progress of the formation process and action of sweet potato callus, the synthetic pathway of callus and its influencing factors were reviewed. The effects of phenylpropane metabolism pathway, defense enzyme and secondary metabolites on sweet potato callus were summarized, and the factors affecting the formation of sweet potato callus were analyzed, which provided theoretical basis for screening the callus conditions and developing the technology and equipment of sweet potato callus.

Research progress on the effects of microbial fertilizer on the growth and development of soybean and the properties of rhizosphere soil

YAO Yan-xuan, JIE Wei-guang, HU Wei, ZHAO Dong-mei, JIANG Yi-tong, YU Hai-yang, YAN Xiu-feng

2019, 58(20): 21-24. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.004

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Soybean[Glycine max（L.）Merr.] continuous cropping and abuse of industrial chemical fertilizer have destroyed the surrounding ecological environment, and led to a significant decline in soybean yield. The application of microbial fertilizer helps to improve soybean yield and repair damaged soil, which makes up for the deficiency of agriculture and ecological industry in China. On the one hand, in-depth study on the characteristics of microbial fertilizer can improve the biomass, resistance and nutrient content of soybean; on the other hand, it can improve soil fertility and form stable micro-ecosystem. The classification of microbial bacterial fertilizer, the effects of microbial bacterial fertilizer on soybean biomass, resistance and soil properties were reviewed, in order to provide reference for the practical application of microbial fertilizer.

Effects of different root cutting treatments on physiological characteristics,soil environment and yield of winter wheat （Triticum aestivum L.）

LI Juan, HU Yi

2019, 58(20): 25-29. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.005

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The effects of artificial root-cutting treatment on the physiological characteristics, soil environment and yield of winter wheat（Triticum aestivum L.） during the wheat during filling stage were studied. The root-cutting depths were 10 cm （C1）,30 cm （C2）,40 cm （C3）,50 cm （C4） and continuous root treatment （CK）. The results showed that the average plant height of wheat under CK treatment was 89.86 cm, which was 1.05%~2.28% higher than other treatments. The fresh weight of root were 30.93%, 14.35%, 9.78% and 5.77% higher than C1, C2, C3 and C4 treatments, respectively. The range of fresh-dry roots ratio was 3.53~3.58. The contents of total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in different depths decreased with the increase of soil depth, showing a significant negative correlation under different root treatments. The average LAI, Pn and FPAR increased with the root-opening depth, and the control treatment CK performed best. The average LAI, average Pn and average FPAR increased by 25.91%~142.97%, 7.77%~60.66% and 4.88%~56.36%. The average yield of CK treatment was 4.73%~22.81% compared with other treatments. There was a good logarithmic relationship between each index and root depth, and the correlation coefficient ranged from 0.786 0 to 0.971 2. The increase of root depth has a promoting effect on crop growth, and the effect on soil environment is not significant.

A new three-line hybrid glutinous rice combination of Honglian type Hongnuoyou 36

XIE Chun-pu, LIU Hua-shu, LIU Hong-ping, ZHANG Bin-quan, NIE Wen-long, LIU Dan, NIU Yong-gang, TANG Jian-min, MAO Hui-min, CAO Qing-yun, ZHU Cai-zhang, FU Cheng-jun, CHEN Qing-yuan, LI Guo-yuan, ZOU Li-ping, YAO Guo-xin, GAO Chang-qing, PENG Yu-chao, ZHANG Hai-xin, WANG Wen, YU Kai-jun, ZHENG Ming, LIU Chang-bing

2019, 58(20): 30-33. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.006

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Hongnuoyou 36 is a three-line hybrid glutinous rice variety bred with sterile line Hongnuo 1A and restorer line R4136. The variety has excellent waxy endosperm quality,high yield and stable yield,fertilizer resistance,disease resistance, heat resistance and moderate lodging resistance. It was approved by Hubei Provincia Crop Variety Examination and Approval Committee in 2018. The breeding process,characteristics,yield performance,promotion and risk prevention measures of the Hongnuoyou 36 were introduced.

Technical specification for agronomic and agricultural machinery matching of peanut high-yield cultivation in eastern Henan plain

LI Chun-yan, WANG Hong-jun, GUO Zhen-sheng, ZHANG Shen-ju, HUANGFU Zi-qi

2019, 58(20): 34-38. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.007

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In view of the current situation of agronomic and agricultural machinery matching of peanut high-yield cultivation in eastern Henan plain,the requirements of environment and quality safety control for high-yield cultivation of peanut were put forward. The fertilizing land preparation, soil treatment, variety selection, seed treatment, timely sowing, reasonable close planting, fine sowing, chemical weeding, field management, pest control, timely harvesting,agronomic and agricultural machinery matching technology were standardized.

Study on salt tolerance of 4 backbone maize inbred lines during germination period

LU Shan, XIAO He-xia, MAO Cai-yun, YAN Xu-dong

2019, 58(20): 39-41. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.008

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Different concentration gradients of NaCl and Na₂SO₄ were applied to stress treatment of the maize inbred lines Zheng 58, DK516♀,DK516♂ and Chang 7-2 at germination stage. The germination index was examined and the salt resistance of four maize germplasm was identified. The results showed that, except for the germination rate, other germination potential, germination index, vitality index, germ length, germ fresh weight and germ dry weight were all significantly decreased with the increase of salt concentration. The comprehensive performance of salt resistance was that Chang 7-2 had the strongest tolerance, DK516♀ was the second, DK516♂ was the third, and Zheng 58 had the weakest tolerance. The root system of Chang 7-2 and DK516♂ are more developed than that of DK516♀ and Zheng 58, and it is preliminarily inferred that DK516♂ and Chang 7-2 are relatively good at resistance lodging. However, this inference is subject to further verification by field test.

Ecological sensitivity study of ten typical counties

CHEN Ru, YAN Gui-huan, WU Ke-ning, HUI Xiao-yang

2019, 58(20): 42-46. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.009

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According to the data of land use status from 2011 to 2015, the correlation between land use intensity and ecosystem service value of 10 pilot counties （cities） was calculated and analyzed, so as to establish the number of ecological sensitivity and evaluate the ecological sensitivity degree of pilot counties （cities） under land use change from 2011 to 2015. The restrictive factors of pilot counties （cities） were put forward, and the problems in the development of cultivated land reserve resources in different types and regions were analyzed. The results showed that the ecological environment of low sensitive areas is all right,and the terrain of low sensitive areas was relatively flat, and the main limiting factors of the unfavorable cultivated reserve resources are few, which were beneficial to the development of cultivated reserve resources; The middle sensitive areas’ limiting factors were more, and there were mainly soil texture, soil salinization, ecological conditions etc., and the ecological environment can’t be guaranteed and can be affected by the development of reserve cultivated land resources easily, which should full consider the economic benefits, social benefits and ecological benefits; The ecological environment of high sensitive areas was easily to be damaged, and the limiting factors of developing reserve cultivated land resources were more than middle sensitive areas’, when developing reserve cultivated land resources detailed development plan according to the actual situation can be made with the direction of improving the ecological environment, and the water balance analysis can be carried out.

Study on the treatment effect of three kinds of mussels on the treatment of eutrophic water

QI FU-zhang, WANG Qi, ZHU Ling-yun, WANG Wei, ZHAN Ming-fei

2019, 58(20): 47-49. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.010

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The effects of Anodonta woodiana, Cristaria plicata, Hyriopsis cumingii on the removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand （COD）, total phosphorus （TP）, total nitrogen （TN）, ammonia nitrogen （NH₃-N） and turbidity in eutrophic water were studied. The results indicated that Anodonta woodiana, Cristaria plicata and Hyriopsis cumingii could remove the total suspended substrance （TSS） efficiently, improving the transparency of the water. The removal efficiencies of COD, NH₃-N and tuibidity by Cristaria plicata were highest, reaching 36.45%, 89.68% and 56.24%, respectively. The removal efficiency of TN by Anodonta woodiana was highest, reaching 85.52%. The removal efficiency of TP by Hyriopsis cumingii was highest, reaching 38.00%. The wet weights of Anodonta woodiana, Cristaria plicata and Hyriopsis cumingii were weighted at the end of the experiment to find that they all didn’t grow in the experiment period.

The analysis of body comfort index in Baoding city under the background of climate change

AN Hai-xia, AN Hai-tao, ZHANG Jian-bo, FENG Zhi-qiang, HAN Ying-jie

2019, 58(20): 50-55. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.011

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Based on the meteorological data from 1971 to 2010 of 12 meteorological stations in Baoding city and the body comfort index （DI） formula, the body comfort index of different landforms in the area was calculated. The results showed that: W11The time which was more comfortable appeared in April, May, June, August and September in Baoding city. The mountain area maintained comfortable state in July, and the plain and the wetland remained relatively comfortable in October. The trend of change about cold discomfort days was reduced significantly. The trend of change about comfortable days was decreased too, but the change rate was not obvious. The trend of change about heat discomfort was increased significantly, and the change rate was obvious. The body comfort index of this area had some periodic changes, and the most obvious of the cycle was 16-year. The days of cold discomfort were decreased from northwest to the southeast. The days of comfort were more longer in the western and the northeast than the others in Baoding city, the days of thermal discomfort were increased from northwest to southeast in Baoding city.

Climatic characteristics of continuous rain in Jingmen city and its impact on agriculture

ZHAO Bi-yun, HE Sheng-hao, WANG Dong-xian

2019, 58(20): 56-62. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.012

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The climatological characteristics of the continuous precipitation events in Jingmen city, as well as their impacts on agriculture, using daily precipitation data since the founding of Jingmen National Meteorological Observatory from 1958 to 2017, facilitated by linear trend estimations, frequency analyses and severity analyses. The results show that the frequency of the continuous rain in Jingmen city is the highest in spring, followed by summer and autumn, and the lowest in winter; The frequency of continuous precipitation in Jingmen city shows a declining trend annually; The cumulative anomaly curve of the continuous rain shows a "two-fall-one-up" type of variation; The proportion of light continuous rain in Jingmen city is 61.4%, moderate continuous rain in Jingmen takes 30.2%, and severe continuous rain takes about 8.4%. The occurrence of the mild continuous rain shows an increasing trend, while moderate and severe continuous rain show a declining trend. After 2013, the occurrence of moderate and severe continuous rain shows a sign of increase; Jingmen’s continuous rain has great impacts on agriculture, especially the moderate and severe continuous rain during spring and autumn, which can easily lead to serious yield reduction and enormous financial losses.

Enhancing nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency of multi-stage A/O process with bacteria for low temperature rural sewage treatment

LI Qiao, OUYANG Tong, BO Lin, HOU Jun-xia, ZHANG Wen-yi

2019, 58(20): 63-67. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.013

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Aimed at the problem of poor nitrogen and phosphorus removal in winter and spring for rural domestic sewage treatment facilities which was decentralized, and even exceeding the standard widespreadly, a bio-filled multi-stage A/O device and demonstration engineering treatment equipment（48 t/d） were constructed to treat sewage, where it would form a biofilm/activated sludge mixture, and added the denitrification bacteria（B8） into the facilities. The enhancement effect of the removal of NH₄⁺-N, TN and TP in multi-stage A/O system with the B8 bacteria was investigated,and track the application effect in the demonstration equipment. The results showed that the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus removal by multi-stage A/O process under low temperature conditions（9~13 ℃） can be strengthened to a certain extent by adding bacteria（B8）. Compared with the effluent of NH₄⁺-N, TN and TP 4.13,16.29,0.67 mg/L, respectively, for the device without B8, the effluent of the device with B8 was 2.31,10.11 and 0.48 mg/L,respectively, reaching the first-class A emission standard. At lower temperature（3~7 ℃）, compared with the removal effect of NH₄⁺-N, TN and TP for the device without B8, there was no significant difference in the device with B8, and the removal effect was generally maintained at 35%, 30% and 43%,respectively. The effluent quality of the rural sewage treatment facilities（48 t/d） was improved due to adding the B8 microbial agent. The average removal rate of NH₄⁺-N increased from 86.4% to 92.6%, the average removal rate of TN increased from 45.9% to 57.3%, and the average removal rate of TP increased from 67.8% to 76.1%, but the average removal rate of COD_cr was 72.8%, which was not significantly different from the 74.5% of the device without B8. The effluent of NH₄⁺-N reached the first-class A emission standard, and the effluent of COD_cr,TN and TP reached the first-class B emission standard.

Temporal and spatial variation characteristics of available Cu in tobacco planting soil in Xiangxi state

TIAN Ming-hui, XIANG De-ming, YAN Chen-bing, TIAN Mao-cheng, ZHANG Li-ming, LI Qiang

2019, 58(20): 68-71. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.014

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The descriptive statistical characteristics and temporal and spatial variations of available copper in tobacco soils in Xiangxi state（western Hunan） were analyzed by classical statistics and geostatistics based on the data of soil samples collected in 2000 and 2015, and there were 446 soil samples in 2000 and 1 242 soil samples in 2015. The results showed that the average content of available copper in tobacco-growing soils in western Hunan increased from 1.05 mg/kg to 1.89 mg/kg in the past 15 years, with an increase of 80%. However, the distribution frequency of available copper in soil samples of different grades changed greatly. Compared with 2000, the ratio of samples of suitable grade of soil available copper in 2015 was higher. The number of cases decreased by 32.35 percentage points. At the same time, the proportion of extremely low, low, high and extremely high grade samples increased by 1.93, 1.49, 12.00 and 16.93 percentage points, respectively, indicating that the soil available copper content in tobacco growing areas increased at the same time, showing the characteristics of two-stage differentiation. From the perspective of spatial and temporal variability, the nugget effect of available copper in soil has increased in the past 15 years, and the random factors have enhanced the spatial variability of available copper in soil, and the fractal dimension of available copper in soil has decreased, which indicates that available copper has more large-scale variability characteristics. In terms of spatial and temporal distribution, the area of high and extremely high soil available copper content increased significantly in 2015, increasing 33.94% and 10.94%, respectively, while the suitable soil copper content decreased significantly, by 45.01% compared with 2000.

Distribution characteristics and correlation analysis of algae in Qingshan reservoir

JIN Dan-juan, TONG Qun, XU Zhen-bo, SHI Si, WANG Jie-ping, SHI Fang-ming

2019, 58(20): 72-75. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.015

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Qingshan reservoir is one of the drinking water sources in Hangzhou, and the water quality is affected by domestic sewage, industry and agriculture. The distribution of algae in Qingshan reservoir from April 2018 to March 2019 was investigated, and the correlation between chlorophyll a and algae and environmental factors was analyzed. The analysis showed that the main algae in Qingshan Reservoir were green algae, blue-green algae and diatoms all the year round. Blue-green algae were the main species in summer. Algae were mainly distributed in surface water （1~2 m below the surface）. Correlation analysis indicated that green algae, blue-green algae and diatoms were extremely significant correlated with chlorophyll a. Chlorophyll a was extremely significant associated with water temperature, COD_Mn and was a significant positive correlation with pH, and it had a negative correlation with ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total iron, trivalent iron ion and manganese. Stepwise regression analysis showed that COD_Mn, nitrate nitrogen and water temperature were the most important factors, which influenced the concentration of chlorophyll a in Qingshan reservoir. The calculated and measured values of chlorophyll a have a good correlation （R=0.920,P<0.01）.

Present situation and countermeasure of fertilizer quality in tea gardens in Hubei province

WANG Hong-juan, MAO Ying-xin, ZONG Qing-bo, HUANG Dan-juan, CHEN Xun, GONG Zi-ming, TAN Rong-rong

2019, 58(20): 76-78. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.016

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The quality of compound fertilizer, organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, organic fertilizer and bio-organic fertilizer in main tea producing areas of Hubei province was evaluated. According to the national standards of different types of fertilizers, the evaluation was carried out through the three certificates of fertilizers, the inspection of packaging labels and the sampling inspection of fertilizers. The results showed that the qualified rate of compound fertilizer was 69.23%. The qualified rate of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer was only 27.27%. The qualified rate of organic fertilizer was 33.33%. The qualified rate of bio-organic fertilizer was 46.15%. It was suggested to strengthen government supervision, formulate relevant standards for tea plantations, and strengthen the scientific fertilization concept of tea farmers.

Quantitative analysis on influence of high temperature induced heat damage on early rice yields in Jiangxi province

LI Ying-chun, SHUAI Xi-qiang, YANG Rong, LIU-Dan

2019, 58(20): 79-83. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.017

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According to the division of geographic area, choosing observation data of early rice yields, percentage of output decrease, yield structure and corresponding high temperature parameter namely continuous days of daily mean temperature over 30 ℃ and daily maximum temperature over 35 ℃ from 9 representative meteorological stations at county-level from 1981 to 2015, and using the method of path coefficient analysis, the impacts of high temperature induced heat damage on percentage of output decrease and yield structure of early rice were quantitatively analysised. The results showed that the probability of high temperature stress in early rice in Jiangxi Province was about 80%, which was 30% when the percentage of production was reduced by more than 3%, and the daily maximum temperature had a greater impact than the daily average temperature. The high temperature duration significantly affected the 1 000-grain weight, empty shell rate, and unfulfilled grain rate of early rice. Except for the 1 000-grain weight, which was affected by the daily maximum temperature in southern and eastern rice, the daily average temperature of the rest of the region had a significant impact on the rice yield composition.

Obtain of Acremonium persicinum and inhibition of its fermentation on Streptomyces scabies

MA Dong-mei, LI Shuang, TAI Lian-mei, LIU Xin-yang, LIU Zhen-hua, SUN Dong-mei

2019, 58(20): 84-87. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.018

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Antagonistic fungi was obtained by soil separation, and the strain was identified as Acremonium persicinum by morphology and 18S rDNA sequencing. The effects of its fermentation on Streptomyces scabies were determined by changing the concentration, pH, temperature and preservation time. Results showed that the inhibition ability of different concentrations were obviously, and the maximum inhibition zone was 17.1 mm of 75% concentration. After the fermentation liquid was treated at 121 ℃ for 20 min, the antibacterial activity was similar to that of the non-treatment. The fermentation liquid kept at room temperature for 9 months still had an antimicrobial effect, but the antibacterial activity decreased by 26.43%, which was lower than one month after preservation. When pH of fermentation liquid was adjusted to 3~8, the inhibition ability was sitll good. Neutral, alkaline fermentation liquid has better antimicrobial effects than acid fermentation liquid. The fermentation liquid of the strain has good antibacterial effect and stability, and has a good application prospect.

Study on antibacterial active components of fungi SF-50651

LIU Man-li, ZHANG Ya-ni, SHI Li-qiao, SHU Fen, ZHANG Zhi-gang, WAN Zhong-yi, WANG Kai-mei, WU Zhao-yuan

2019, 58(20): 88-89. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.019

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In the process of screening natural products with antimicrobial activity, a fungi SF_50651 with strong antimicrobial activity was obtained. By active tracking, the active fraction was detected, an active compound which was identified as pyriculol by UV, MS and Dictionary of Natural Prodouct （DNP）. Further tests of antimicrobial activity showed that it had significant antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus.

Investigation on the present situation and countermeasures of medicine for diseases and insect pests of alpine vegetables in Changyang,Hubei province

YANG Ni-na, CONG Sheng-bo, ZHAO Shu-jun, XU Da-bing, LONG Tong, WAN peng

2019, 58(20): 90-92. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.020

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The occurrence of vegetable diseases and insect pests and the use of pesticides in alpine vegetable planting area in Changyang county, Hubei province were investigated. The species, characteristics and current drug use of alpine vegetable diseases and pests in Changyang county were preliminarily mastered. It points out the problems existing in medicine application of alpine vegetables in practical production and puts forward some suggestions.

Optimization of fermentation mediaum and conditions for Bacillus subtilis BZJN1

LIU Fang, LIAO Xian-qing, ZHOU Rong-hua, RAO Ben, CHEN Wei, HUANG Da-ye, YOU Jing-mao

2019, 58(20): 93-96. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.021

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The fermentation media and conditions for the strain of Bacillus subtilis BZJN1 had been optimized. It showed that the composition of the optimized medium was as followings： W23Corn starch 25.0 g/L, fish meal 25.0 g/L, peptone 15.0 g/L, corn steep liquor 5.0 g/L, CaCO₃ 1.0 g/L, MgSO₄ 0.3 g/L and KH₂PO₄ 0.1 g/L. The optimized fermentation condition was as following：Starting pH 7.0, temperature 30 ℃, inoculum ratio 4%, and stirring speed 220 r/min. The spore counts of the fermentation culture might reach 9.68×10⁹ CFU/mL under the optimized condition with tthe optimized medium, which was about 2 times higher than that in the primary medium and fermentation condition.

Optimization of culture medium and growth condition of Bacillus laterosporus

LIAO Xian-qing, LIU Fang, ZHOU Rong-hua, RAO Ben, CHEN Wei, WANG Kai-mei

2019, 58(20): 97-100. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.022

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In order to obtain the fermentation process of a strain of Bacillus laterosporus NBF-129, the culture medium and conditions were optimized by single factor experiment and orthogonal test, using the number of viable spores in the fermentation broth as an index. The optimal fermentation medium were（%）: corn starch 2.0, silkworm pupa meal 2.5, yeast extract 1.0, corn steep liqour 1.0. The optimal fermentation conditions were: initial pH 7.5, culturing temperature 30 ℃, rotation speed 220 r/min. After optimization, the number of viable spores in the fermentation broth reached 4.12×10⁹ CFU/mL, which was 79.1% higher than 2.30×10⁹ CFU/mL before optimization. Under the optimized medium and optimal culturing conditions, a 30-liter tank fermentation test was conducted. The incubation time was 35 hours, The number of viable spores in the fermentation broth reached 3.96×10⁹ CFU/mL. After being concentrated and freeze-dried, the number of raw powder spores was 6.70×10¹⁰ CFU/g.

Influence analysis of meteorological factors on oil rate of fresh fruit for Camellia oleifera Abel. and construction of forecasting model

PENG Jia-dong, LIAO Yu-fang, JIANG Yuan-hua, HUANG Chao

2019, 58(20): 101-104. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.023

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Based on the collection and processing of the oil rate data of fresh fruit from multiple Camellia oleifera Abel. sample plots in different county of Hunan province during 2009—2017 and the meteorological indices for each stage of growth and treatment of Camellia oleifera Abel. which computed by the nearby meteorological observation stations’ data during the same period, the method of principal component analysis had been used to research the impacts of the meteorological factors in different stages on Camellia oleifera Abel.’s fresh fruit oil rate and a forecasting model were constructed based on above meteorological factors. The results show that the effects of meteorological factors for fruit maturity period,oil transformation and accumulation peak period, the whole year of fruit picking and fruit enlargement peak period on oil content are more significant than other periods and the temperature indices,especially the extreme maximum temperature is the key factor which affecting oil content. The oil content forecasting model constructed base on those factors has a relative high accuracy and can be applied in operation.

Difference analysis of physiological and biochemical indexes of stigma in different melon varieties at different flowering stages

WANG Jia-yao, FAN Lei, SHENG Yun-yan, JI Peng

2019, 58(20): 105-108. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.024

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Melon（Cucumis melo L.） stigma from WI998,7223G,BC1,DX3-5, MS5 （fertility line） and MS5 （sterile line） were used as research materials to investigate the sugar content, soluble protein, amino acid and total phenol of stigma in different varieties. The results showed that there were differences in physiological and biochemical indexes of different melon varieties. The physiological and biochemical indexes of the same melon varieties in different periods were significant different. The order of soluble protein content of WI998、DX3-5、BC1 and MS5（sterile line） was squaring period>initial flowering stage>flowering stage, which showed a decreasing trend and significant differences in each period. The order of soluble sugar content of MS5 （sterile line） and MS5 （fertility line） was flowering stage>initial flowering stage>squaring period,which showed a increasing trend and significant differences in each period. The order of amino acid content of WI998, DX3-5, MS5 （sterile line） and MS5 （fertility line） was flowering stage>initial flowering stage>squaring period,which showed a increasing trend and significant differences in each period. The changes of total phenol content in each variety were different in three periods. The contents of soluble protein, soluble sugar, amino acid and total phenol in different varieties had effects on fruit setting rate. The variation trend of different physiological indexes and the fruit setting rate of the six varieties during the flowering period with the flower buds were significantly correlated.

The construction status and development countermeasures of standardization system for oil peony

CHEN Fa-zhi, LIU Yi-man, LI Bao-xi, CHEN Zhi-wei, LI Xiu-li, JI Xiao-mei

2019, 58(20): 109-112. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.025

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Oil peony （Paeonia suffruticosa） is one of the novelty arisen woody oil plants vigorously developed by the state in order to ensure the safety of grain and oil and the effective supply of high-quality edible oil. To effectively regulate the production, market circulation and service of peony oil, ensure the quality and safety of peony seeds, peony seed oil and other products, and promote the healthy and sustainable development of the industry, the industrial development present situation and existing problems of oil peony in China were deeply analyzed, and the significance of standardization construction of oil peony was expounded. At the same time, the problems existing in the standardization system construction of oil peony in China were summarized and analyzed, and some suggestions on how to construct standardization system for oil peony were put forward. It is necessary to speed up the formulation of key links and product quality standards, bring into full play to the role of industry associations and leading enterprises, integrate industry-university-research resources, establish a standardized demonstration area for oil peony, and accelerate the standardization process for oil peony.

Study on anatomical structure of leaves of Pyracantha fortuneana （Maxim.） Li and its ecology adaptation

YANG Mei-juan, ZHOU Xiao-yan

2019, 58(20): 113-114. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.026

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The anatomical structure of Pyracantha fortuneana（Maxim.） Li leaves were studied by the optical microscope and paraffin section technique. The results show that it is a typical bifacial leaf and made up of three parts, epidermis, mesophyll and vein in tansverse section of the leaf. The cells of upper epidermis and lower epidermis are both single row, which arrange closely and neatly, and the cell walls of both upper and lower epidermis are covered with cuticula and no trichomes. The stomata with chambers of the lower epidermis protrude from leaf surface. The mesophyll is very rich with many chloroplast in it. The palisade tissue arranges closely, composed of 2~3 layers of cylindrical cells; the spongy tissue arranges loosely, composed of irregular cells. The vascular bundle of main vein is well developed, fully suggesting its function of transporting. Additionally, there are few mechanical tissues between the bundle and the epidermis. The lateral veins simplify. The characters mentioned above are fit for varieties of circumstances such as the drought.

Breeding of a new baby cabbage （Brassica pekinensis） variety CM15018

YANG Hong-li, XU Xue-zhong, HU Jing-feng, LAN Mei, ZHANG Li-qin, LIU Jia-jia, HE Jiang-ming, SONG Shuang, YAO Wen-yong, YANG Xue-chun

2019, 58(20): 115-117. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.027

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The new Brassica pekinensis variety CM15018 is an inbred line obtained from the hybrid of Jinfuyu （female parent）, Chunyuehuang （male parent）, which was selected from 11 generations of inbred lines. The new variety was carried on variety comparison test, tests in different regions of Yunnan province and production demonstration. Consequently, the average yield was 83 820 kg/hm², which the yield was 11.40% higher than the control variety Chunyuehuang. The new variety was registered in 2018.

Effects of ethanol extract of Rubus suavissimus S. Lee on blood sugar and glucose tolerance in mice

MENG Shu-jie, YAN Zhi-gang, XU Yong-li, WU Qing-hua, FENG Shi-xin, LI Li

2019, 58(20): 118-120. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.028

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To study the effects of ethanol extract of Rubus Suavissimus S. Lee on blood sugar and glucose tolerance in mice. KM mice were divided into four dosage groupsblank group, high, medium and low ethanol extracts of sweet tea from Rubus suavissimus S. Lee（250,150,100 g/kg）. The effects of ethanol extracts on blood sugar in normal mice were observed after 40 days of continuous intragastric administration. The results showed that low-dose group（P<0.01） and middle-dose group （P<0.05） of ethanol extract of Rubus suavissimus S. Lee had significant effects on fasting blood glucose in mice, and with the increase of administration time, they had certain inhibitory effects on hyperglycemia induced by glucose in mice. Compared with the blank control group, the body weight of low-dose group and middle-dose group after 40 days of administration was significant markedly reduced.

Contrast test on production performance of different varieties of laying hens in laying period

ZHAO Yong-jiao, YANG Qing-fang, LI Xiang-long

2019, 58(20): 121-124. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.029

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The egg weight, chicken weight, laying performance and survival rate of five brown-shell hens such as Hyline brown,Beijing Red, Isa, Roman, Hessian were determined. The results showed that there is difference on egg weight, chicken weight, laying performance and survival, Hyline brown higher than others.

Preliminary report on purification of avian leukosis in Hubei local Jianghan chicken

SHEN Jie, WU Yan, PI Jin-song, PAN Ai-luan, LIANG Zhen-hua, SUN Jing, ZHANG Hao, PU Yue-jin

2019, 58(20): 125-127. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.030

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Based on the severe situation of avian leukosis virus infection in local chicken breeds, in this study, four generationws of four Jianghan chicken populations were tested and purified for avian leukemia. The results showed that different samples were collected from different developmental stages and different sex groups for four consecutive years for detection and purification, the average positive rate of ALV p27 antigen in cock semen before pure breeding （40-45 weeks old） decreased from 30.54% in 2015 to 0.23% in 2018. The average positive rate of ALV p27 antigen in hen egg white samples decreased from 26.98% in 2015 to 0.05% in 2018. It can be seen that the detection of ALV p27 antigen at three time points before the end of brooding, the start of production and pure breeding can eliminate positive individuals, and the purification effect of avian leukemia is obvious, which can provide reference for the purification of avian leukemia in other places.

Analysis of enzyme distribution and activity in digestive system of Apodemus peninsula and Apodemus agrarius

JIN Zhi-min, JIA Xiu-qi, YANG Xin-yu, LI Jin-xu, SU Hang

2019, 58(20): 128-132. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.031

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Provide basic biochemical data for prevention and experimental animalization of forest pests. Three major digestive enzymes, AMY, PRO and EST in the digestive system of Apodemus peninsulae and Apodemus agrarius by PAGE. Comparative analysis was performed with the distribution and activity of SOD enzyme. The results showed that AMY, PRO, EST and SOD were expressed in the digestive system of Apodemus peninsulae and Apodemus agrarius, but there were significant differences in the activity and distribution of the enzymes between the two mice and between the tissues and tissues of the rats.

Effect of different processing technology on aroma components of Zijuan black tea

TONG Jia-yin, XIA Li-fei, YANG Fang-hui, ZHANG Yan-mei, MA Yu-qing, PAN Lian-yun, FANG Cheng-gang

2019, 58(20): 133-136. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.032

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By using headspace solid phase microextraction and GC-MS Ed on different machining process of Zijuan black tea aroma components extraction and analysis comparison. The results showed that the aroma components identified in the new processed Zijuan black tea were mainly alcohols, aldehydes, esters, etc. The different processing method, and its aroma components also have differences, shake green technology of fermented into them 5.0 h of black tea aroma components are: linalool, benzene acetaldehyde, cis-3 vinyl acetate, etc. By heavy wilting and fermentation for 3.5 h, the aroma components of the plant were linalool, methyl salicylate, phenylacetaldehyde, geraniol and so on.

The comparative study on extraction of natural antioxidant-dihydromyricetin

ZHENG Lin, LIU Pan-pan, WANG Xue-ping, GAO Shi-wei, GONG Zi-ming

2019, 58(20): 137-142. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.033

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Using Ampelopsis grossedentata which is growing on the soil（Enshi,Hubei Province） rich in selenium as material, the natural antioxidant dihydromyricetin （DMY） was extracted by three methods. The results showed that the optimum extraction process were the ratio of tea material to water 1∶70（g∶mL）,50 min, 80% ethanol solutionw at room temperature under the condition of ultrasound assisted extraction,the content of DMY in tea soup was 19.010%. Under the condition of microwave assisted extraction, the optimum extraction process were 560 W power, the ratio of tea material to water 1∶70（g∶mL）,120 s,60% ethanol solution, the content of DMY in tea soup was 18.174%. Under the condition of wall-breaking assisted extraction,the optimum extraction process were 50 min,the ratio of tea material to 100% pure ethanol solution 1∶50（g∶mL） at room temperature, the content of DMY in tea soup was 15.172%. Compared with the three methods, the ultrasonic extraction rate is high, the microwave extraction time is short, and the wall-breaking extraction batch processing is large.

Study on the optimum harvest time of Moghania philippinensis and the content of total flavonoids extraction technology in root

LI Nan, SHI Li-jun, CHEN Cai-yin, GAO Li-xia

2019, 58(20): 143-146. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.034

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In order to study the best harvesting period of the genus Moghania philippinensis （Merr.Et Rolfe） Li. and the extraction process of the total flavonoids in the roots, the ultraviolet spectrophotometry and L₉（3⁴） orthogonal experimental were used to explore the best extraction technology of Moghania philippinensis. Results showed that the total flavonoid content of root was the highest in the October of next year, when ethanol concentration was 90%, extraction time was 60 min, extraction times was twice and extraction temperature was 100 ℃, the total flavonoid yield is the highest.

Study on hypoglycemic activity of polysaccharide from camellia seed cake

XU Di, XU Bing-yan, ZHANG Hao, JIN Ri-sheng

2019, 58(20): 147-151. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.035

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To study the hypoglycemic activity of camellia seed cake polysaccharide, the streptozotocin （STZ）-induced diabetic mice were constructed to study the effect of camellia seed polysaccharide on fasting blood glucose, several organ indexes and the content of malondialdehyde（MDA） and antioxidant enzyme activity in liver and kidney tissues of mice before and after modeling were studied. The results showed that the camellia seed cake polysaccharide significantly influenced the blood glucose level and organ indexes of mice, and the content of MDA was obviously decreased and the activity of antioxidant enzyme was increased, which indicated that camellia seed cake polysaccharide had significant hypoglycemic activity.

Matrix effects on GC determination of 30 organophosphorus pesticides residues in fruits and vegetables

BAO Zhong-zan, DENG Zhao-pu

2019, 58(20): 152-156. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.036

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Application of agricultural standard method NY/T 761-2008,matrix effects of organophosphorus pesticides have been studied in fruits and vegetables by GC-FPD in this research. 15 kinds of samples determined to have no pesticides by GC-FPD were selected,and 30 kinds of organophosphorus pesticides standard were mixed in the 15 kinds of samples matrix at 4 different concentrations levels.And they were compared with the same concentration levels of pesticide standard solution with pure acetone as solvent. Results showed that 15 kinds of samples had different degree of matrix enhancement effect or weakened effect on 30 kinds of organophosphorus pesticides,The intensity of matrix effect were bound up with the types of sample and pesticide.The strength of the polarity and had no obvious linear relationship with the concentration of pesticide, but a small number of the matrix effect of pesticide has a tendency to first increased and then decreased with the increase of mass concentration. It is recommendable to apply the matrix-matched external standard method on the determination of organophosphorus pesticides in real samples; Melons and bud vegetables have less. It is speculated that according to the moisture content to categorize fruits and vegetables and selects the general matrix instead of different kinds of vegetables to prepare standard solution. This method would greatly reduce matrix interference and improve the efficiency and accuracy of inspection.

Detection and analysis of 43 high-seed-setting tetraploid rice

ZHENG Ming, SONG Zhao-jian, ZHANG Xian-hua, LIU Yu-hua, CHEN Bo-lin, XIE Chun-fu, KUI Zhi-song, ZHU Yong-sheng, WANG Qun, CAO Guo-chang, CHEN Long, WANG De-long, CAI De-tian

2019, 58(20): 157-160. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.037

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The rice quality of 43 high-seed-setting tetraploid rice materials was detected. The results showed that 4 high-seed-setting tetraploid rice materials could rapidly develop high-quality target varieties. The chalkiness degree of 43 high-seed-setting tetraploid rice materials were 0, this was the focus and difficulty of the next research.

Study on water stability of recycled aggregate asphalt concrete

LI Wei-jie

2019, 58(20): 161-163. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.038

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Recycled aggregate asphalt concrete was a kind of ordinary asphalt concrete which replaced part or all of aggregate in concrete with recycled aggregate of construction waste. In this paper, the water stability of recycled aggregate asphalt concrete were studied by immersion Marshall test and freeze-thaw splitting test. The results showed that the highest stability of AC-16 and AC-20 immersion Marshall was 19.60 and 19.38 MPa respectively, and the highest strength ratio of freeze-thaw splitting was 0.87. Both of them can meet the requirements of the code. The influence of recycled aggregate of construction waste instead of original aggregate on water stability of asphalt concrete was found out through the analysis of experimental data.

Design and test on shockproof device for greenhouse

LI Cong-quan, WANG Qing-hui, MA Yue-hong

2019, 58(20): 164-167. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.039

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In order to avoid the phenomena, a mechanical device was designed, which was made up of double T-steel frame, plane bearing and buffer spring. The greenhouse was built on I-steel frame. Plane bearings were mounted under the frame. The buffer plate spring was installed around the frame. When the greenhouse moved, it will be buffered by plate springs. Seismic capacity of the greenhouse will be improved by consuming energy. Greenhouse quality was 15 t, buffer plate spring was 5, spring plate takes was 2. The thickness was 8 mm, and the width was 50 mm, the produced stress will meet the requirement. Shallow groove was designed for the upper plate of plane bearing, which sandwiched on I-steel. Spherical roller was improved designed. The ball was flattened up and down. Two sides were parallel. The diameter of cut face was 5 mm. The vibration test showed that the buffer device has a fold increase in anti collapse capability compared with the non buffer device. Seismic effect was obvious.

Effect of maize seed bud size on Agrobacterium transformation

LYU Meng-yu, DONG Fu-shuang, CHAI Jian-fang, ZHOU Shuo, ZHANG Jun-min, WANG Hai-bo

2019, 58(20): 168-169. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.040

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The seeds of Zheng 58 maize inbred lines were used as experimental materials. After the corn seeds were sterilized and germinated, the growth points of big and small maize buds were transformed with Agrobacterium. After co-cultivation, the germination was carried out after transformation. By the situation and the results of green fluorescent protein detection of transformed buds, the effect of the size of maize buds on transformation was analyzed, and the size of maize buds suitable for Agrobacterium transformation was determined. The results showed that the maize seed buds were used for Agrobacterium transformation when they were 0.3~0.5 cm in length, which was beneficial to Agrobacterium tumefaciens infection and transformation of maize buds and post-transformation bud regeneration.

Research on IRX3 5'UTR methylation rate in food-induced obese mice abdominal adipose

YUAN Ming-ming, ZHOU Jing, HOU Kai-ling

2019, 58(20): 170-173. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.041

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To investigate the IRX3 gene expression levels and the 5'UTR methylation rate in food-induced obese mice abdominal adipose, male obese C57BL/6J mice model was induced by feeding high-fat diet, RT-qPCR was used to detect the IRX3 expression levels and BSP was used to detect the 5'UTR methylation status. Results showed that Obese mice model was established successfully. Expression levels in obese mice were higher than normal controls（P<0.01）. The 5'UTR methylation rate had no significant difference in the two groups of mice, but the methylation rate in 2 loci（-128 bp and -116 bp） and 1 locus （-182 bp） were 62.5%, 62.5% and 75.0% respectively, all higher than other loci significantly. The IRX3 mRNA expression is up-regulated in food-induced obese mice. The IRX3 mRNA expression levels has nothing to do with it’s 5'UTR methylation rate. The methylation in 3 specific loci may be associated with obesity.

The evaluation of landscape attraction of Qingxiushan scenic spot tourist area in Nanning based on "push-pull-resistance" model

ZHENG Dao, TANG Shi-bin, YAN Zhuang-wei, ZHANG Wen-hong, CHEN Mei, LUO Lian-ping

2019, 58(20): 174-180. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.042

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Taking the scenic spot of Qingxiushan scenic spot in Nanning as the research scope and object, the elements composition and production mechanism of the scenic attraction attraction are analyzed; and the "push-pull resistance" three-force system structure of landscape attraction is constructed. On the basis of comprehensive investigation and partial detailed investigation of the scenic spot, through the literature research method, the pilot exploration method, etc., from the three aspects （the criterion layer） of scene source value （tension system）, landscape accessibility （resistance system）, landscape perception （thrust system）, the analytic hierarchy process （AHP） is used to construct the evaluation system of the landscape attraction of the scenic spots in Qingxiushan scenic spot. The corresponding weights of each evaluation index （factor） are obtained through the expert consultation questionnaire, and the five-level scoring standard of each evaluation index （factor） is designed by using the structure of the Likert scale, and the five-level grading standard for landscape attraction evaluation is formulated. According to the attributes of each index （factor） and tourist perception information, the single-index evaluation method and questionnaire survey method are used to evaluate the landscape attractiveness of Qingxiushan scenic spot. The results show that the landscape attraction of Qingxiushan scenic spot in Nanning is relatively high and has provincial appeal. Finally, from the aspects of strengthening the marketing brand building of scenic spots, improving the construction of participatory interactive landscape space, improving the accessibility of the scenic spot, and improving the uniqueness of the landscape space, the corresponding suggestions for the optimization and development of Qingxiushan scenic spots were put forward.

Study on the influencing factors and countermeasures of urban-rural gap in Chongqing three gorges reservoir area based on ISM

WANG Luo

2019, 58(20): 181-184. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.043

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Taking the influencing factors of the urban-rural gap in Three Gorges Reservoir Area in Chongqing as the research object, the relevant factors affecting the urban-rural gap are searched through the field visits to 1,000 farmers and literature, and an Interpretative Structural Model （ISM） analysis of each factor was conducted. The level of action and mutual relationship of various influencing factors is clarified through ISM, and the countermeasures for narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas are proposed from the perspective of increasing farmers' income, namely, raising the price of agricultural products, vigorously developing secondary and tertiary industries, promoting the transfer of rural surplus labor, promoting the development of agricultural production, and attaching importance to rural areas.

Exploration and analysis of urban agricultural development in China

QIU Guo-liang, JIANG Hao

2019, 58(20): 185-189. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.044

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Urban agriculture is an inevitable trend of modern agriculture development and the trend of the times,is one of the most dynamic industries in agriculture. Through analyzing the present situation, trend, development mode and existing problems of urban agriculture in China, some countermeasures and suggestions are put forward in order to provide reference for the development of urban agriculture.

Study on economic effects of different water saving techniques in wheat in Zhonggegen valley of Qitai county of Xinjiang

WU Yu-xiu, WANG Miao

2019, 58(20): 190-193. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.045

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The yield, water use efficiency and cost-benefit ratio of wheat under the use of large head self-pressure, pond dam pressurization and automatic drip irrigation technology and ground irrigation（CK） in Zhonggegen valley of Qitai county, Xinjiang were compared. The results showed that the yield of wheat after using three water-saving technologies was significantly higher than that of ground irrigation. The output of automatic drip irrigation technology was significantly higher than that of large head self-pressure and ground irrigation. The automatic drip irrigation technology of water use efficiency was also significantly higher than the other two. However, in terms of cost-benefit ratio, pond dam pressurization drip irrigation technology is superior to automatic drip irrigation technology. The use of high-efficiency water-saving technology is of great significance for ensuring stable wheat yield and income increase in Qitai county, Changji prefecture.

Research on the development strategy of the typical mode "agricultural and rural maker space"

NI Yan, QIN Zhen, YUAN Shi-han

2019, 58(20): 194-197. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.046

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"Agricultural and rural maker space" is a comprehensive service platform for agriculture and rural areas. Currently, there were six typical models, which were led by leading enterprises, based on order agriculture and brand agriculture, dominated by agricultural science and technology parks, featured by school-enterprise cooperation, supported by universities and institutes, and giving full play to the advantages of characteristic industries. In view of the current agricultural and rural maker space business model, business support fund and related resources shortage and the shortage of innovative entrepreneurial talent main problems were analyzed, and put forward the coordinated advance management coordination mechanism,establish a agricultural and rural maker space profit model, improve the monitoring and evaluation mechanism, perfect supporting security measures and countermeasures.

Research on the relationship between emotional intelligence and social anxiety of rural college students

CHEN You-qing, XU Xin-yun

2019, 58(20): 198-200. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.047

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Using communication anxiety scale （IAS） and emotional intelligence scale （EIS）, 520 college students from rural areas were investigated by questionnaire to explore the relationship between emotional intelligence and social anxiety. The results of the survey showed that the emotional intelligence of rural college students developed well on the whole, and some of them had prominent social anxiety. Rural college students could reduce the level of social anxiety by cultivating their ability of self-emotional management.

Research on the construction of agricultural information service system in China

GUAN Bo, XIE Qi-zhuo, CHEN Ping-ting, LUO Zhi-qing

2019, 58(20): 201-205. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.048

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As a key factor to promote the development of agriculture of China, the agricultural information is gradually infiltrating into all aspects of agriculture,and it plays an important role in the process of transforming traditional agriculture, developing rural economy, and promoting agricultural modernization. On the basis of studying the development history of agricultural information service system in China, the problems in the construction of agricultural information service system in terms of main functions, supply methods and security systems were analyzed,and four suggestions on how to promote the construction of agricultural information service system were put forward.

Preliminary study on resource integration of prefecture-level agricultural research institutes and extension institutions of agricultural technology

MENG Hong, CHEN Shao-yu, LI Shi-bao

2019, 58(20): 206-209. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.049

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The resource integration of prefecture-level agricultural research institutes and agricultural technology extension institutions in Yunnan province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous region were investigated, and the development status of prefecture-level agricultural research institutes and agricultural technology extension institutions were sorted out.The results obtained after the integration of the two kinds of institutions were expounded, the existing problems were founded out,and the countermeasures and suggestions were put forward.

A review of studies on the development of rural education from the perspective of social change

LI Zhen

2019, 58(20): 210-213. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.050

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Under the guidance of modernization construction requirements and national policies, rural education has undergone a tortuous development process from "literature to the countryside" to "text moves up". From the perspective of social change, the research on rural education development, combs the development process, dilemma, causes and outlets of rural education was reviewed. Combined with the actual development of rural education in China, some thoughts on the rural education dilemma in the development of social transformation were put forward.

Spatial difference analysis of tourism poverty alleviation performance GIS in Wuling Mountain area：Taking 37 counties and cities in Hunan province as an example

TANG Ye-xi, ZHOU Sheng-fang, LI Zhi-hui, LI Yi-shu, CHEN Qi-hong, DENG Ming-rong

2019, 58(20): 214-219. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.051

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Based on the panel data of Wuling Mountain district in Hunan province in 2017, combined with the connotation of tourism poverty alleviation, an evaluation index system consisting of four dimensions of economic, social, ecological and poverty performance is constructed, The AHP method and the standard value weighted summation method are used to determine the indicator weight and the final poverty alleviation performance value so as to analyze the spatial differences and existing problems of tourism poverty alleviation performance in 37 counties. The results show that the overall tourism poverty alleviation performance in Wuling Mountain, Hunan is not good, 22 counties with medium performance above, accounting for 59.46%, and the county below lower performance still accounts for 40.54%; the performance difference of each county is obvious, and the space is generally presented. Spatially, the distribution performance of North-South performance is good, and the performance of Central China is generally; the performance of indicator dimension is different, economic performance and poverty performance contribute a lot to comprehensive performance, while social performance and ecological performance contribute less.

Analysis of factors of the circulation willingness of homestead in villages based on farmers' behavior：Take six towns in Yining city as an example

GUO Ru, LIU Xin-ping, YUAN Wei-peng

2019, 58(20): 220-225. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.052

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Through questionnaire investigation and interviews, the present situation of the use of homestead in Yining city and the promotion of the reform of the circulation system of homestead were investigated, and the subjects of the investigation were farmers in typical villages and towns in 6 residential land circulation pilot projects around Yining city. Based on farmers' behavior,binary Probit regression model was established by the basic feature of peasant household,psychological characteristics, the basic characteristics of homestead and cognitive characteristics of homestead circulation risk. The attitude, psychology and willingness of farmers to the circulation of homestead were analysed, and the influencing factors of farmers' willingness to transfer homestead were fully excavated. The practical experience and material of information base construction which farmers in minority nationality areas have "one game of chess" to reform the circulation system of homestead were provided. The realistic constructive countermeasures were provided for the government to promoted the rural homestead system reform.

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