HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES

Research progress of hyperspectral technology for detection of agricultural products maturity

ZHANG Yi-zhi, WANG Rui, ZHANG Wei-feng, LU Xiao-hua, GAO Yuan, GU Yu-min, WANG Da-bin

2020, 59(12): 5-8. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.001

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As an emerging three-dimention spectroscopic technique in combination with the traditional imagine technology, hyperspectral technique can obtain the spectral and imagine information of target object simultaneously, possessing great application potential in detecting the maturity of agricultural products due to its nondestructive and rapid characteristics. The research progress of the application of hyperspectral technique in the maturity of fruits, tomato and tobacco were systematically summarized, the existing problems in application were pointed out, the future improvement measures were proposed.

Research progress on the toxicity of florfenicol

SUN Ji-chao, DONG Zhen, ZHANG Ji-yu, ZHOU Xu-zheng

2020, 59(12): 9-12. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.002

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Florfenicol is a synthetic broad-spectrum antimicrobial derivative of chloramphenicol. It has a wide antibacterial spectrum and has been used to prevent and control respiratory and digestive diseases in pigs. In clinical application, florfenicol may show various toxic reactions at inappropriate or high dose levels, causing varying degrees of damage to animal digestion, reproductive system and different internal organs. The research progress on general toxicity, special toxicity, ecotoxicity and chronotoxicology of florfenicol was reviewed in order to summarize the toxicity characteristics of florfenicol and provide better guidance for clinical use.

The changes of stem number and plant height of rice treated with different nitrogen fertilizer levels

ZHAO Li-jun, HUANG Ying-hua, ZHANG Shan-xuan, GUO Zhi-yao, HONG Rui-xia, WANG Yi-lin, XIA Li-sha, LI Yan-da, CHEN Qing-chun

2020, 59(12): 13-16. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.003

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In order to clarify the variation of different nitrogen fertilizer levels, stem number and plant height of different rice （Oryza sativa L. ）varieties, a randomized block experiment of different nitrogen fertilizer levels and early construction was set up. The results showed that under the different nitrogen fertilizer levels, the results of the two varieties of Hemeizhan and Yuenongsimiao were consistent for the early cropping and late cropping. The results showed that the number of stems and plant height increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate. In the tillering stage and the jointing stage,there was a extremely significant positive correlation between early cropping and late cropping nitrogen application rate and stem number, and a significant positive correlation or extremely positive correlation between booting stage and yellow maturity stage. Early cropping and late cropping nitrogen application and natural plant height, physiological strain there was a significant positive correlation or extremely positive correlation between the tillering and the booting stages and a extremely significant positive correlation between the jointing stage and the yellow maturity.

Study on the variation of plant height and stem thickness of sweet corn under different nitrogen fertilizer levels

ZHANG Shan-xuan, HUANG Ying-hua, ZHANG Hua-jie, ZHOU Li-yan, ZHAO Li-jun, XIA Li-sha, HONG Rui-xia, CHEN Qiu-yu, CHEN Qing-chun

2020, 59(12): 17-21. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.004

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In order to clarify the effects of different nitrogen fertilizer levels on plant height and stem diameter of sweet corn, six nitrogen fertilizer levels plot experiments were carried out in Meitian village base of Crop Research Institute of Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering for the early-cropping and late-cropping. The plant height and stem diameter of sweet corn at different growth stages were measured. The results showed that plant height and stem diameter of sweet corn increased with the advance of its growth period, and reached the maximum at the filling stage. There was a significant positive correlation between stem diameter and nitrogen fertilizer; There was a significant positive correlation between early stem diameter and nitrogen fertilizer; Late stem diameter was positively correlated with nitrogen fertilizer; In different growth stages, stem diameter was positively correlated with natural plant height or physiological plant height, and early stem diameter was positively correlated with natural plant height or physiological plant height. Late-growing stem diameter was positively correlated with natural plant height or physiological plant height.

Analysis of forecast model of returning green stage of winter wheat in Hebei province

SHAN Kun, YANG Shuai, LUO Jing, LI Qian

2020, 59(12): 22-26. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.005

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Using observed data from 11 agrometeorological stations in Hebei province from 1981 to 2018, the forecast models of returning green stage of winter wheat were constructed in Hebei province based on the methods of linear regression and grey system model GM （1, 1）, and the performance of the simulation effect of forecast models was evaluated by historical data. The results showed that the linear trend simulation curve of the returning green stage of winter wheat in each station was insignificance. The grey system model G （1,1） is used to simulate the winter wheat returning to green period in each station, and the simulation accuracy of 10 stations out of 11 stations is above the second level. By analyzing the correlation between the accumulation temperature sequences and the returning green stage of winter wheat, it was determined that the negative accumulation temperature from October 1 to February 15 of next year was the key influencing factor of the returning green stage of winter wheat. The linear regression equations of the negative accumulation temperature of key period and integrated sequence of the returning green stage of winter wheat of all stations reached a very significant level. The probability of an absolute error of less than one week（7 days） of single station linear trend mode, grey system model GM （1,1）,and the linear regression model for all stations with negative accumulation temperature as the dependent variable were 73%, 94%, and 80%. The prediction model of the returning green stage of winter wheat can be constructed based on the grey system model GM （1, 1） under the condition that the change of data is relatively stable. When there is mutation fluctuation in data, the prediction model can be constructed by linear equation at single station. Under the background of climate change,the prediction of winter wheat greenback period by negative accumulated temperature in critical period is suitable for regional analysis based on the linear regression equation of the comprehensive data series of various stations.

General investigation and statistical analysis of crop germplasm resources in Zigui county

SONG Fang, WU Li-ming, TIAN Rui, HE Li-gang, WANG Zhi-jing, JIANG Ying-chun, JIAO Chun-hai

2020, 59(12): 27-32. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.006

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Crop germplasm resources is the basis of crop breeding, genetic research and ecological stability, and it is considered as the national strategic resources for its importance in food security and agricultural sustainable development. Based on the statistical analysis of the data from the general investigation of crop germplasm resources in 1956, 1981 and 2014, a comprehensive comparation and analysis about the agricultural production structures, crop planting configurations, crop variety structures and local characteristic resources of Zigui county are performed. The results will not only provide the reference data for the development and planning of Zigui county agricultural industry, but also establish the basis for the utilization of the characteristic resources, the conservation of rare germplasm resources and the improvement of income level of mountain people.

Analysis of temperature change characteristics in Ezhou city in recent 60 years under the background of climate change

HUANG Si-xian, WANG Bao, CHEN Zheng-hong, ZHAI Hong-nan

2020, 59(12): 33-39. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.007

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Based on the daily temperature data of Ezhou city from 1959 to 2018, the variation characteristics of the average temperature, the average maximum temperature, the average minimum temperature, the extreme maximum temperature and the extreme minimum temperature in recent 60 years in Ezhou city were analyzed by means of linear regression, Mann-Kendall mutation test, cumulative anomaly method and wavelet analysis. The results showed that in recent 60 years, the average temperature, the average maximum temperature, the average minimum temperature, the extreme maximum temperature and the extreme minimum temperature in Ezhou all showed a fluctuating upward trend. The upward trend of the average minimum temperature and the extreme minimum temperature was more obvious than that of the average maximum temperature and the extreme maximum temperature. The annual mean temperature had no obvious mutation; The annual maximum temperature had mutation in 2002; The annual minimum temperature had mutation in 1989; The annual extreme maximum temperature had mutation in 2008; And the annual extreme minimum temperature had mutation in 1981. The annual mean temperature showed quasi-18-year, quasi-10-year interdecadal cycle and quasi-4-year interdecadal cycle; The annual maximum temperature showed quasi-16-year interdecadal cycle and quasi-4-year interdecadal cycle; The annual minimum temperature showed quasi-30-year, quasi-18-year and quasi-10-year interdecadal cycle, quasi-4-year interdecadal cycle; And extreme maximum temperature showed quasi-12-year interdecadal cycle and 4~6 years and 2~4 years interdecadal cycle. The extreme minimum temperature showed quasi-30-year, quasi-16-year and quasi-10-year interdecadal cycle, quasi-6-year and quasi-4-year interdecadal cycle.

Analysis of the relationship between the meteorological and hydrological drought in Mabie river basin based on SPI and SRI

ZENG Bi-qiu, XIE He-hai, ZHA Da-wei

2020, 59(12): 40-44. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.008

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Based on the monthly precipitation and runoff data in Mabie river basin during 1982—2015, the characteristic and variation of hydrological and meteorological drought are analyzedby using standardized rainfall index （SPI） and standardized runoff index （SRI）, and then the correlation between meteorology and hydrological drought are explored. The results show that different degrees of drought occurred every 2~3 years in the Mabie river basin during 1982—2015. The trend of meteorological drought is not significant at the annual scale. At the seasonal scale, the trend of meteorological drought in autumn increases significantly, and the trend of drought in spring, summer and winter is not significant. At the annual scale, hydrological drought has a significant increase trend. After 2000, the frequency of hydrological drought increases significantly, and the number of drought years accounts for 70% of the number of hydrological drought years from 1982 to 2015. There is a close correlation and time-delay relationship to some extent between meteorology and hydrological drought in the Mabie river basin. Among the time scales of 1, 3, 6 and 12 months, the correlation between SPI₁₂ and SRI₁₂ is the best at 12 months, and the correlation coefficient between the SPI₁₂ and the SRI₁₂ of one-month lag is the largest, indicating that the occurrence of a hydrological drought lagged behind the meteorological drought for one month.

Simulation study on electric field of thunderstorm of Erqi Yangtze river bridge in Wuhan

FAN Min-qi, LI Zheng, CHEN Ren-jun, FENG You-hua

2020, 59(12): 45-50. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.009

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In order to study the effect of the construction of Erqi Yangtze river bridge on electric field of thunderstorm, the BEM （Boundary Element） method, based on the IES electromagnetic field simulation software, which is used to simulate and analyze the change of the electric field before and after the construction. The influence of the height of different negative charge centers on the main tower and the ground electric field strength is further analyzed. The electric field variation of the main tower is simulated with the lightning leader step by step, which is assumed eight different locations of lightning leader. The spatial distribution of the electric field is given, the characteristics of the electric field variation are analyzed, and then the possibility of lightning strike point is analyzed. The results show that after the bridge is built, the electric field intensity on the top of the bridge tower increases obviously; The height of the negative charge area in the thundercloud decreases gradually, and the electric field intensity on the ground increases gradually; The relative position of the lightning leader and the main tower of the bridge determines the most likely lightning strike point.

Study on regionalization of soybean drought risk in Henan province

LI Cong, SUN Wan, LIU Jia, LI Tong-xiao

2020, 59(12): 51-55. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.010

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Based on the observed climate data of 118 stations from 1981 to 2014,the soybean data of 4 agrometeorological observation stations and soybean planting area, beans planting area,cultivated area and irrigation area of 118 counties from 2000 to 2010 in Henan province, thesoybean drought risk was zoned in Henan province by using drought grade index and natural disaster risk index. The results showed that the high risk regions of soybean drought in Henan provincemainly distributed in most of Zhoukou, the east of Shangqiu, Xinxiang and the west of Puyang. The highest drought exposure of soybean in Henan province was mainly distributedin Yongcheng of Shangqiu,followed by western Henan, southeastern Henan, southwestern Henan and Changyuan. The regions with strong soybeandrought tolerance in Henan province were mainly located in the north, the east of Henan, and the parts of southHenan, while those weak regions were the mountain areas of westHenan, southwest Henan, and the areas of Xinmi, Fangcheng. The comprehensive risk distribution of soybean drought in Henan province was higher in the west than in the east, and higher in the south than in the north. In general, except the western mountainous areas, the higher drought risk of soybean were in the large soybean planting areaslike most part of Zhoukou, the east of Shangqiu, the east of Nanyang, Changyuan of Xinxiang, parts of Fanxian in Puyang; While the soybeandrought risk relatively low in the most parts of northHenan, south Henan, and Kaifeng, Luohe, Zhumadian, small parts of Shangqiu.The high comprehensive soybean drought risk areas, the soybean production should strengthen scientific and technological research and pay more attention to soybean drought disaster prevention and mitigation.

Geochemical assessment for land quality in Honghu city

ZHENG Xiong-wei, WANG Shan, HONG Bo, SUN Wei-guo, ZHANG Yuan-pei, LUO Jun-qiang, XU Jing-yin, WU Ying, ZHENG Guo-quan, HU Qing

2020, 59(12): 56-60. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.011

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Based on the data of land quality survey in Honghu city, an evaluation system composed of soil nutrient index and environmental index are established. According to The land quality geochemical assessment specification （DZ/T 0295-2016）, the land quality geochemical assessment and spatial distribution of the land are studied. The soil in Fengkou town, Wanquan town of Honghu city is divided into five gradesHigh quality, good, medium, poor, inferior. The results show that the overall land quality status of the evaluation area is in good condition, with land of high quality and above accounting for 80.91% of the evaluation area, among which land of high quality accounted for 54.01%.

Comparative study on the soil cadmium enrichment effects of seven indigenous plant species

WANG Zhen-yan, DING Jun, SUN Xiang-hui, ZAHO Jing, CHEN Wan-qiu

2020, 59(12): 61-63. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.012

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Aiming at the present serious situation of soil Cd pollution in Wangcun town and around areas, Xinxiang city of Henan province, 7 native plants with good growth potential were selected and their cadmium enrichment characteristics and remediation effects were compared. The results showed that herbaceous plants had a stronger tolerance to Cd in contaminated soil than shrubs or trees on the whole. However Lagerstroemia indica L. presented a notable enrichment ability and transfer coefficient; The content of Cd in root of Setaria viridis （L.） Beauv. was 82.5 mg/kg, and the enrichment coefficient of root was 3.149; The content of Cd, transfer coefficient and enrichment coefficient of each part of Amaranthus tricolor L. were superior to other plant species. According to the comprehensive analysis, Amaranthus tricolor L., Setaria viridis （L.） Beauv. and Lagerstroemia indica L. all can be used as Cd high enrichment plants for soil remediation in this area.

Effects of new leaf fertilizer on growth, yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco

DONG Hua-fang, LUO Mao-ping, CHEN Yu-feng, KE Yi-wu, LI Jun-ye, REN Yong-bo, ZHENG Chuan-gang

2020, 59(12): 64-67. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.013

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Using Yunyan 87 as the experimental variety, the fertilizer efficiency comparison test was carried out in Xia village, Yimen town, Huili county, Liangshan prefecture. The results showed that the new leaf fertilizer had no significant effect on botanical characters and main growth period of flue-cured tobacco, but had obvious effect on agronomic characters （stem circumference, leaf area, plant height）. After applying leaf fertilizer, the stem circumference, plant height and leaf area of flue-cured tobacco were larger than those of conventional fertilization control （CK2）; There were significant differences in total sugar between upper, middle and lower leaves of flue-cured tobacco, but there were no significant differences in total nitrogen, nicotine, chlorine and potassium between flue-cured tobacco leaves and CK2, which could improve the quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves but not significantly, and could increase the yield, the output value and the proportion of middle and upper class tobacco leaves.

Remediation effect of different passivation agents on cadmium in phosphogypsum contaminated soil

WANG Xian-hui, LONG Tao, ZHANG Jian-kun, ZHOU Chun-zhuang, TANG Yun-lai, LIU Ji-kai

2020, 59(12): 68-71. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.014

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In order to understand the remediation effect of passivation agents on the phosphogypsum contaminated soil, a pot experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of different combinations of passivation agents [iron scraps（I,I1 and I5 represents 1% and 5% respectively）, flyash（F,F1 and F5 represents 1% and 5% respectively） and superphosphate（S,S1 and S5 represents 1% and 5% respectively）]on remediation of cadmium in phosphogypsum contaminated soil, and on the growth as well as the cadmium accumulation of maize seedlings. The results showed that except for I5+F1+S1 and I5+F5 treatments, which could inhibit the plant height and dry weight of up-ground parts of maize seedlings, other treatments had no significant effect on the growth of maize seedlings. All treatments tested could increase the electrical conductivity of phosphogypsum contaminated soil, besides, I1+F5, I5+F1+S1 and I5+F5 treatments could also dramatically increase the soil pH. All treatments could decrease the available cadmium concentrations in soil. I5+S5, I5+F1+S1 and I5+F5 treatments had the biggest drop compared with CK, which were 39.13%、45.65% and 41.30%, respectively. All treatments could decrease the cadmium concentration of up-ground parts of maize seedlings. Compared with CK, the cadmium concentration of up-ground parts of I5+S5, I5+F1+S1 and I5+F5 treated maize seedlings decreased by 29.47%, 21.95% and 31.71%, respectively. All treatments could effectively reduce the activity of cadmium in phosphogypsum contaminated soil. In addition, I5+S5 treatment could significantly decrease the cadmium accumulation of maize seedlings without effecting their growth.

Study on the combined pretreatment and double membrane process for the treatment of phosphorous tail water in pesticide plant

BAI Zu-guo, PENG Wen-bo, XIE Jing, DING Bang-chao, YANG Ji-heng

2020, 59(12): 72-74. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.015

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The study on the secondary biochemical effluent of agricultural pharmaceutical factory by using pretreatment, ultrafiltration and nano-filtration technology are carried out. By changing the dosage, pressure and recovery rate, the optimum process conditions of the secondary biochemical effluent of agricultural pharmaceutical factory discussed by using pretreatment and double-membrane process technology. The results show that the pretreatment effluent effect meet ultrafiltration water requirements under the condition of PFS dosage 300 mg/L. The membrane system runs stably when the ultrafiltration operating pressure control in 0.1~0.2 MPa, recovery rate 90% and nano-filtration operating pressure control in 2.0~2.2 MPa, recovery rate 80%. After the double-membrane treatment, wastewater TP decreases to 8 mg/L, the removal rate of COD is above 90%, the effluent turbidity is less than 0.1 NTU. Effluent quality reaches the level of new emission standards.

Study on the impact of long-distance water diversion project construction on ecological environment along the route

ZHANG Ru-yu

2020, 59(12): 75-78. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.016

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Taking the Lianyungang Shugang Channel combined with water supply project as the research object, the influence on the ecological environment of the land area and water area during the construction period and operation period is analyzed. The results show that the project construction covers a total area of 302.13 hm², the construction surface is bare, and the natural system production capacity suffers a certain loss; The implementation of the project reduced the biomass of the regional natural system by 10 855.8 t, accounting for 0.51% of the total biomass of the entire study area; After the completion of the project, the river flow rate and self-purification capacity are increased, and the water quality is improved. The vegetation recovery rate of the whole project area reaches 97%, and the coverage rate of forest and grass reaches 22%. By increasing surface vegetation and improving soil properties, soil permeability can be increased and soil erosion can be reduced.

Occurrence regularity and evaluation of biocontrol effect on thrips in flue-cured tobacco at seedling stages

XIE Yong-hui, ZHAN You-guo, WANG Zhi-jiang, ZHANG Yong-gui, YU Ping, XU Dong-ya, OUYANG Jin

2020, 59(12): 79-81. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.017

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In order to define occurrence regularity of thrips in flue-cured tobacco at seedling stages, and explore techniques of releasing predatory mites against thrips in flue-cured tobacco at seedling stages, both the population dynamics of thrips and optimum release pattern of predatory mites in seedling stage of flue-cured tobacco were systematically studied. The results showed that after the emergence of flue-cured tobacco, the harm of thrips could be seen, and the population density increased gradually until reaching the peak before transplanting （about amount of 29.34 per 50 strains）, which decreased sharply after transplanting; The quick action of flaky release was significantly better than that of punctate release, but the lasting effect was significantly worse than that of punctate release; After the 40 days of punctate release, no matter in terms of population decline rate or control effect, the punctate release method was better than the flaky release method. When using predatory mites to control thrips in flue-cured tobacco at seedling stage, they should be released as soon as possible after emergence; When the number of thrips population in the seedling stage was large, it was recommended to use the surface release method to control the thrips; When the number of thrips population in the seedling stage was low, it was recommended to use the punctate release method to control the thrips.

Relationship between dynamics of root-knot nematode and soil environment in Enshi tobacco growing areas

XIANG Bi-kun, SHI He-li, CHEN Hong-hua, ZUO Mei, PENG Wu-xing, YIN Zhong-chun, MENG Gui-xing, TAN Jun

2020, 59(12): 82-84. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.018

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The occurrence dynamics of root-knot nematode and its relationship with soil environment were investigated in Enshi tobacco growing areas. The results showed that the tobacco plants began to be damaged by root-knot nematodes 30 d after transplanting, and the incidence and disease index gradually increased until the harvest of tobacco leaves were over. At the same time, the relationship between root-knot nematode and soil water content, soil pH and soil temperature were studied. During the growth and development of tobacco plants, the incidence and disease index of root-knot nematode showed a significant negative correlation with soil water content, and the correlation coefficients were -0.728 and -0.667,respectively; There was a significant positive correlation with soil temperature, the correlation coefficients were 0.593 and 0.536,respectively; There was no significant correlation with soil pH. However, the number of eggs and second instar larvae had no correlation with soil water content, soil pH and soil temperature.

Study of plant community characteristics, diversity on campus：A case of Guizhou Education University

XIAO Dong-dong, LIAO Xin-rong, SHANG Hai-long

2020, 59(12): 85-89. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.019

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Taking the plant community in the hills of Guizhou Education University as the research object， the characteristics of plant community， plant diversity and flora were analyzed by the national standard method， and the synarthropic plants in the community were analyzed by means of documentation. The results showed that the study area mainly consisted of Pinus massoniana Lamb. community， coral holly thicket community， Ligustrum lucidum secondary forest community， Platycarya longipes secondary forest community and Diospyros kaki Thunb. community from northeast to southwest. There were 205 species of wild seed plants in 76 families and 154 genera in the research area. According to the geographical composition， the generawas divided into 14 major sub-types and variants. Synarthropic plants accounted for more than 30% of natural vegetation in the region， indicating that Guizhou Education University， wild seed plants were greatly affected by human activities.

Effects of substrate and shading on growth and photosynthetic physiology of Alnus formosana

TAN Zhang-qiang, HUANG Zhi-ling, SHEN Wen-hui, HAO Hai-kun, CAO Yan-yun

2020, 59(12): 90-93. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.020

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To explore the substrate and environmental conditions more suitable for cultivating Alnus formosana seedlings, seedling substrate was prepared with red core soil, coconut bran, controlled release fertilizer, organic fertilizer and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, and potted seedlings of Alnus formosana were cultivated under different shade conditions. The results showed that the seedling height, ground diameter, Pn, Gs and Tr of Alnus formosana seedlings all showed a light transmittance of 40%>100%>15%, Ci showed a light transmittance of 15%>100%>40% under different shading conditions. The addition of coconut bran in seedling substrate was more beneficial to the improvement of seedling height, diameter and Pn of Alnus formosana. The effects of different fertilizers on Alnus formosana were different under different shading conditions. All fertilization treatments showed that organic fertilizer > slow release fertilizer > calcium magnesium phosphate （fertilizer） under the condition of 40% and 100% light transmittance. Slow release fertilizer could promote the growth of Alnus formosana, but organic fertilizers do not work better under the condition of 15% light transmittance. The optimal treatment for cultivating Alnus formosana seedlings was 40% light transmittance +69.2% red mud +30% coconut bran +0.8% organic fertilizer.

Effects of different fertilization treatment on the growth and nutrient accumulation and chemical components of flue-cured tobacco

GAO Jia-ming, ZHANG Ji-guang, REN Xiao-hong, DING Cai-fu, LI Fang-ming, SHEN Guo-ming, GAO Lin, LIU Yue-dong, WANG Da-bin

2020, 59(12): 94-98. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.021

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Using the Yunyan 87 as experimental materials, a field experiment was conducted by setting three experiment groups of different NH₄⁺/NO₃^- ratio（3∶7, 5∶5 and 7∶3） to systematically study the effects of different NH₄⁺/NO₃^- ratio on the growth （agronomic trait, biomass）,nutrient accumulation（the content and accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium）and chemical components of tobacco in Enshi city. The results showed that there were no significant difference for agronomic trait and biomass among these three groups during the early, middle and late period of tobacco. Likewise, at topping and mature period, there were no obvious difference for the content and accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium among these groups. With the increase of the ratio of NH₄⁺/NO₃^-, the content of total sugar and reducing sugar in the upper leaves decreased, while the content of total nitrogen and nicotine increased, while the content of potassium and chlorine did not change significantly. The application of different ratio of NH₄⁺/NO₃^- had no obvious effect on the growth and nutrient accumulation of tobacco plants, but had some effects on the chemical composition of upper tobacco leaves, among which the coordination of chemical composition was the best when the ratio of NH₄⁺/NO₃^- was 3∶7.

Study on the introduction and cultivation of 20 Chinese rose varieties in Chongqing city

LI Ling-li, WANG Feng, YU Zhi-yong, ZOU Shi-hui, ZHOU Li

2020, 59(12): 99-102. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.022

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：20 Chinese rose（Rosa chinensis） varieties were introduced for the observation of flowering and growth, and which were divided into 8 early flowering varieties, 6 middle flowering varieties and 6 late flowering varieties according to the full-blossom period. In addition to Mozart, the other 19 varieties can adapt to the climatic conditions of Chongqing city.

Analysis of soil nutrients in tobacco area of Nanping city and its relation to the quality of flue-cured tobacco

HE De-liang, YANG Zi-jun, ZHANG Shi-xiang, SHEN Hong-tao, XU Chen-sheng, LI Guang-zhao

2020, 59(12): 103-109. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.023

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In order to explore the influence of soil on the characteristic quality of tobacco leaves in Nanping city tobacco growing area, K326 flue-cured tobacco leaves and tobacco planting soil in Nanping main tobacco producing area were used as materials to determine the content of soil organic matter, available nutrients, mineral elements and smoking indexes of tobacco samples, and their correlation was analyzed. The results showed that there were some differences in the content of soil components in different tobacco growing areas. On the whole, soil acidity and alkalinity were suitable, but chlorine content was generally low, soil organic matter content was medium to rich, soil total nitrogen level was low, magnesium content was rich in exchangeable cations, calcium content was low, phosphorus content was rich, potassium content was low. The overall aroma quality of tobacco leaf was good, permeability was prominent, aroma content was sufficient. The flue gas concentration was slightly higher, the fineness was better, the impurities were slightly lower, the irritation was smaller, and the aftertaste was cleaner. The permeability of flue-cured tobacco was negatively correlated with soil pH, positively correlated with soil organic matter, and positively correlated with soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, exchangeable calcium and available potassium.

Study on the processing suitability for Congou black tea of Echa No.1

MA Meng-jun, CHENG Fan-yang, GUO Zhi-ming, YU Zi-ming, CHENG Chang-song, TU Xiu-liang, KE Jin-xian

2020, 59(12): 110-113. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.024

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Echa No.1 fresh tea leaves were analyzed for the processing suitability for Congou black tea in terms of sensory evaluation, the main biochemical components andβvolatileβcompounds.βTheβresultsβindicatedβthat the contents of water extracts, teaβpolyphenols, free amino acids, and solubleβsugar were 47.3%, 16.2%, 3.2% and 3.3%, respectively. Theβcontentsβof thea?avins, thearubigins andβtheabrownins were 0.6%, 6.1% and 7.2%. The GC/MS results showed that 51 aroma components were identified. Among the compounds identified, there were 11 kinds of aroma components whose OAVs reached over 1, including β-damascenone, β-ionone, linalool and its oxidation products, geraniol, decanal, nonanal, benzeneacetaldehyde, octanal and limonene. The sensory evaluation results showed that the aroma was sweet and floral, and the taste was mellow,Echa No.1 was suitable for processing congou black tea with high quality.

Study on Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺ concentration in crab meat before and after molting stage of Scylla paramamosain by ICP-MS

ZHOU Dong-ren, LIN Feng, SUN Bo-yi, SHENG Peng-cheng, GAO Sheng, HAO Gui-jie, YE Xue-ping

2020, 59(12): 114-116. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.025

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The meat samples of Scylla paramamosain were treated by graphite microwave digestion. ICP-MS was used to determine Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ simultaneously. The correlation coefficient of standard curve was ≥ 0.995. The pretreatment time was short and the digestion effect was good. The results showed that the average contents of Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ in S. paramamosain were 471 and 2 508 mg/kg in hard shell stage, 385 and 1 565 mg/kg in molting stage respectively. there had no significant differences in Mg²⁺, and had significant difference in Ca²⁺ concentration before and after molting stage. In order to make the Scylla molt and harden smoothly during the growth of the crab, it was suggested that Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺ should be supplemented reasonably in the culture pond.

Effects of different medicine on hatching rate of fertilized eggs and initial diets on survival rate of larva of Papiliochromis ramirezi

HUANG Yi, HONG Yu-hang, WANG You-pan, PENG Hai

2020, 59(12): 117-120. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.026

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In the present study, the effects of three different medicine （compound gallnut, gentamicin and furacilin） on hatching rate of fertilized eggs and three initial diets （egg powder, paramecium and artificial ultrafine powder） on survival rate of larva of Papiliochromis ramirezi were investigated. The results showed that the compound gallnut group had the highest hatching rate with （81.22±6.52）%, which was significantly higher than others（P<0.05）. Therefore, the hatching rate of fertilized eggs from Papiliochromis ramirezi could be improved remarkably by using the compound gallnut. In addition, the survival rate of larva in group of artificial ultrafine powder was significantly higher than others with （91.33±3.06）%（P<0.05）. It indicated that artificial ultrafine powder is more suitable for Papiliochromis ramirezi as an initial diet.

Treatment of compound rhubarb purifying solution on rats with chronic renal failure

WEI Zhen-yuan, YANG Zheng-teng, SHI Wei, HUANG Quan-fang, GAN Dian-hui, CHEN Chao, GONG Mian-yang

2020, 59(12): 121-123. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.027

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In order to explore the therapeutic effect of compound rhubarb purifying solution enema on chronic renal failure rats, it was divided into pathological control group, medicinal charcoal group, large, medium and small dose of compound rhubarb purifying solution enema treatment group by copying chronic renal failure model, the medication period was 58 d. The changes of serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, urine creatinine, red blood cell count, hemoglobin content, and renal histopathology were observed. Results showed that the blood muscle crispness and urea nitrogen of the compound rhubarb purifying solution in each dose group and the medicinal charcoal group were significantly reduced （P<0.05）, and the decline was more significant in the large and medium dose groups （P<0.05）. The 24-hour urinary muscle crunch in each dose group was significantly increased （P<0.05）, and it was significant in the large and medium dose groups （P<0.05）; the red blood cell count and hemoglobin content in the large and medium dose groups of compound rhubarb cleansing solution were significant increased （P<0.05）; each dose group of enema formula can improve renal pathological changes in rats with renal failure to varying degrees. Compound rhubarb purifying solution had certain effects on improving renal function, renal pathology, and anemia in rats with chronic renal failure, and had a certain amount of effect.

Effects of capsaicin on production performance, egg quality and antioxidant capacity of laying hens

GU Yun-feng, ZHOU Yan-min, TAO Zheng-guo, CHENG Zong-jia, WEN Chao

2020, 59(12): 124-128. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.028

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A total of 720 40-week-old Hyline Brown laying hens were randomly divided into 5 groups. The control group was fed a basal diet, and the experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 50 mg/kg （Group 1）, 100 mg/kg （Group 2）, 150 mg/kg （Group 3）, and 200 mg/kg （Group 4） capsaicin for 56 days, for investigating the effects of capsaicin on the production performance, egg quality and antioxidant capacity of laying hens. The results showed that compared with the control group, the average daily feed intake of laying hens in Group 1 and Group 2 was increased significantly in the 8th week （P<0.05）. The egg production rate, average egg weight, and feed-to-egg ratio did not change significantly, but the egg production rate had a certain improvement in the 8th week. The color of egg yolk and eggshell thickness in Group 1 were significantly increased in the 8th week （P<0.05）, and the eggshell thickness in Group 2 was significantly increased in the 8th week （P<0.05）. The yolk cholesterol content in Group 1 and Group 2 significantly decreased in the 4th week （P<0.05）, and cholesterol content in Group 2 was significantly decreased in the 8th week （P<0.05）. Yolk fat and cholesterol content were significantly decreased in Group 4 in the 8th week （P<0.05）. The activity of T-SOD in egg yolk in Group 1 was significantly increased in the 4th and 8th week （P<0.05）. The activity of serum T-SOD in Group 2 was significantly increased in the 8th week （P<0.05）. The content of yolk and serum MDA in Group 3 was significantly decreased in the 8th week （P<0.05）, and serum T-SOD activity was significantly increased （P<0.05）. T-SOD activity of egg yolk in Group 4 was significantly increased in the 8th week （P<0.05）. It is concluded that the addition of different levels of capsaicin in the diet slightly improved production performance and egg quality of laying hens. Moreover, it could improve the antioxidant capacity of laying hens.

The population and distribution status of wild green peafowl in Xinping county,Yunnan province

WANG Fang, TANG Yong-jing, ZHANG Qiao-guan, YAO Chong-xue, ZHANG Zhi-zhong, JIANG Gui-lian, CHEN Ming-yong

2020, 59(12): 129-133. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.029

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From January to December in 2017, a exhaustive investigation has been carried out on the population and distribution of wild green peafowl by visiting survey, line-transect method and trap camera methods in Xinping county, Yunnan province. The results showed that there was indeed a distribution of wild green peafowl in Xinping county, which was mainly distributed in 6 areas of 5 townships with a total population of 126~163. Through investigation and statistics, the total area of existing wild green peacock habitats in Xinping county was 14 511 hm².

Response surface methodology for optimizing shaking extraction of oil from passion fruit seeds and analysis of fatty acid components

QIN Wen-xia, LI Chang-bao, XIN Ming, WANG Hai-bo, ZHENG Juan-mei, WANG Jing, WANG Jian-gang, HUANG Hui-ling

2020, 59(12): 134-138. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.030

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The yield of passion fruit （Passiflora coerulea L. ） seed oil was used as the evaluation index, and single factor experiments were carried out on the basis of material-liquid ratio, time and temperature. Response surface methodology was used to optimize the extraction conditions of passion fruit seed oil, and the fatty acid composition of the extracted oil was determined and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. The results showed that the optimum conditions were as follows, the ratio of material to liquid was 1∶30 （m∶V）, extraction time was 20 minutes, shaking temperature was 23 ℃, and the yield of oil in passion fruit seeds was 22.37%. There were 19 kinds of fatty acids in passion fruit seed oil, the relative amount of unsaturated fatty acids was 84.12%, the relative amount of saturated fatty was 15.88%. The main components were methyl passion （60.51%） and methyl trans-9-octadecanoate （22.05%）. The response surface methodology was used to optimize the extraction conditions to obtaina higher yield of passion seed oil. GC-MS analysis showed that the fatty acid composition of passion seed oil is not destroyed, which was a simple, efficient and non-destructive method.

Optimization of extraction technology of effective components from upper stem and leaf of Polygonatum sibiricum by orthogonal method

YANG Ze-wa, TAN Hua-yingzi, CHEN Qiao-yun, HU Xue-qi, WU Yun, CHEN Zhi-yu

2020, 59(12): 139-144. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.031

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Using the aboveground stems and leaves of Polygonatum sibiricum as raw materials， the effects of solid-liquid ratio， extraction temperature， extraction time and ethanol volume fraction on the yield of flavonoids， polyphenols and polysaccharides were studied by single factor experiment. The extraction process of flavonoids， polyphenols and polysaccharides was optimized by orthogonal test. The results showed that the optimum conditions for extracting flavonoids were the extraction temperature 70 ℃， solid-liquid ratio 1∶80（m∶m）， extraction time 2.5 h， ethanol volume fraction 90%， average yield of flavonoids was 4.01%. The optimum conditions for extracting polyphenols were the extraction temperature 80 ℃， material-liquid ratio 1∶40， extraction time 1.0 h， ethanol volume fraction 60%， average yield of polyphenols was 0.62%. The optimum conditions for polysaccharide extraction were the extraction temperature 80 ℃， solid-liquid ratio 1∶20， extraction time 2.0 h， and the average yield of polysaccharide was 18.61%. The test results showed that the three optimized processes were stable and feasible.

SPME-GC/MS analysis of chemical components of volatile components from edible chrysanthemum in flowers

CHEN Zhi-xing, YANG Min, YAO Ru-yu, ZHAO Ya-hong, LIU Min-rong, XUE Jian-ping, HUANG Fei-yan, FANG Yu, WANG Qi-yu, HE Shi-feng, YU Lei

2020, 59(12): 145-148. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.032

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Volatile chemical constituents in flowers of chrysanthemum were analyzed by means of top solid phase microextraction gas chromatography/mass spectrometry （SPME-GC/MS）. The results showed that 51 volatile aroma components, including alkenes, esters, alcohols, and a small amount of acids, heterocycles and alkanes. The main component was monoterpenoids α-pinene, β-myrcene, α-terpinene, β-pinene, γ-terpinene, and their relative contents were 74.04%, 5.24%, 3.96%, 3.44% and 2.01% respectively, accounting for 88.69% of the total relative content.

Study on heavy metal enrichment and risk assessment of Silurus meridoualis and Pelteobagrus fulvidraco in Shatuo hydropower station of the Wujiang river

BA Jia-wen, WEI Yan-wei, YAN Han-lin, XU Cheng-xiang, LI Zhong-li, MEI Jie

2020, 59(12): 149-153. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.033

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In order to understand the present situation of heavy metal enrichment and food safety of fish in the Shatuo reservoir of the Wujiang river, the heavy metal content in the muscle of Silurus meridoualis and Pelteobagrus fulvidraco were determined by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry （ICP-AES） and atomic fluorescence spectrophotometry （HCHG-AFS）. The results showed that the contents of different heavy metals in the muscles of the fish were different, and the content of Zn in two kinds of fish muscles was the highest, and the content of Cu, Cr, Pb and Hg in the muscle of Pelteobagrus fulbate were all higher than that of S. meridoualis. The content of heavy metals in muscle of two species of fish was lower than the national standard. The results of hazard index showed that the human health risk of edible S. meridoualis and P. fulvidraco in the Shatuo reservoir of the Wujiang river was relatively small. The results of single factor pollution index of heavy metals showed that the pollution degree of Pb, Hg and Cd were high in fish from the Shatuo rreservoir, and there was a potential heavy metal pollution risk in the Shatuo reservoir of the Wujiang river.

Nondestructive detection experiment of typical economic fruit near-infrared diffuse reflection and its spectral data analysis

TAN Bao-hua, XIAO Teng-fei, LIU Qiong-lei, LI Gen, HUANG Cheng-xu, LI Gang

2020, 59(12): 154-158. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.034

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Based on the near-infrared spectrum analysis technology, this paper used the near-infrared diffuse reflection detection method to design an experimental system for the near-infrared detection of fruit sugar content. Taking typical economic fruit fresh jujube and banana as samples, the spectrogram of the whole samples and the spectrogram of the slice samples of the two fruits were studied, and the differences of the spectrogram were analyzed. The results showed that the near-infrared method could effectively realize the nondestructive testing of the fruit samples, and reflect the internal sugar content information of the fruit samples.

Application of brushless DC motor control technology in freshwater breeding mower

WANG Zuo, ZHANG Jun-feng, GAO Xing-xing, XIAO Jin, LUO You-yi, TIAN Man-zhou, PENG Gui-yuan

2020, 59(12): 159-163. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.035

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In the agricultural freshwater breeding, the appropriate amount of water grass is conducive to fish respiration and can purify water quality, but the excessive amount of water grass will affect the survival and growth of fish. Mechanical mowing is the most widely used mowing method at present. The propulsion system of mowing boat was an important link of mechanical mowing. Brushless DC motor was a typical mechatronic equipment. Using the embedded technology, power electronics technology, analog electronics technology and digital electronics technology, the control system of the mowing boat based on brushless dc motor was designd, and realized the direction control, speed control and mowing control of navigation through hardware design and software design were realized. Through the prototype test, the control system has higher practicability and stability. Compared with the traditional brush DC motors, the mechanical mower with brushless DC motor has a longer life.

Design of irrigation control system for flower greenhouse based on Modbus-RTU

SHENG Qiang

2020, 59(12): 164-166. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.036

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Aiming at the demand of flowers for on-demand irrigation and growth environment and the limited number of analog input and output modules of PLCs, design an irrigation control system based on Siemens S7-200 SMART series PLC. The control system uses Modbus-RTU communication, collects environmental parameters such as inverter, soil and air temperatures and humidities, illumination and soil conductivity, and control the frequency of inverter to realize on-demand irrigation of flowers, and uploads related parameters to MCGS touch screen by industrial Ethernet for fine management.

Design and application of groundwater dynamic online monitoring system in middle and lower reaches of Tarim river

YANG Lei, HUO Ai-di, GUAN Wen-ke, YI Xiu, DU Wei-hong

2020, 59(12): 167-170. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.037

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Aiming at the current situation of groundwater dynamic online monitoring in the middle and lower reaches of tarim river, the network was effectively used to simplify data processing, increase the function of forecast and warning and optimize the power supply system. The results showed that the equipment installed in the middle and lower reaches of the tarim river has completed the remote transmission of data and data analysis. Based on the 18 d real-time monitoring data, the groundwater level fluctuated between 3.462 and 3.617 m. Based on the table of groundwater level threshold of populus euphratica growth, the groundwater level at this location was between 0.50 and 4.71 m, and has not crossed the threshold of good growth and stress. Therefore, populus euphratica was growing well, and the equipment does not produce early warning information. Thus, the groundwater monitoring system could be used for dynamic monitoring of groundwater level in the middle and lower reaches of Tarim river.

Bioinformatics analysis of BpPR1 gene from Betula platyphylla

AN Yu-ting, LI Ran-hong, CHEN Xin, LIU Dan

2020, 59(12): 171-174. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.038

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Using bioinformatics methods, physical and chemical properties of white birch BpPR1, hydrophilic/hydrophobic, across the membrane structure, secondary structure and tertiary structure and with some other plants PR1 protein homology were forecasted, the cis function of the gene promoter elements and gene structure prediction and analysis were performed. The results showed that①the total length of cDNA of BpPR1 was 816 bp, and the CDS was 531 bp. The encoding protein was a hydrophilic stable protein composed of 176 amino acids. It had a transmembrane transport structure and belonged to the CAP protein family. Birch BpPR1 was closely related to grape and jujube. ②its genome structure contained 2 exons and 3 introns. ③BpPR1 promoter contained multiple eukaryotic promoter CAAT box and the basic components-TATA box, also contained low temperature response, the response of abscisic acid and methyl jasmonic acid, auxin response and the response of salicylic acid and cytokinin response related components, as well as MYBHv1 binding sites and so on, indicating that the protein may be a variety of hormones control, to participate in the process of biological and abiotic stress.

Exploring the conditions for efficient electric transformation of Xanthmonas campestris pv. malvacearum （Xcm） V8

WANG Qing, MENG Fan-qi, ZHANG Yong-yue, MIAO Wei-guo, LIU Zhi-jian

2020, 59(12): 175-178. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.039

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In order to obtain efficient electrical conversion conditions, experimentswere conducted to study the efficiency between optimal concentration for 5-AZA and factors playing roles in the efficiency of cotton keratinae [Xanthmonas campestris pv. malvacearum （Xcm）]V8 one by one. The results showed that V8 for preparing competent cells was domestricated by 5-AZA with a concentration of 100 μmol/L at the logarithmic metaphase, Whiah was used to acclimate V8 in the medium logarithm to prepare competent cells. When the guaranteed voltage was 2.1 kV, 7 μL plasmid as well as concentration of 50 μg/mL, recovery media SOC of 4 ℃ pre-cooling, culturing with time of four to five hours by oscillating, the efficiency could reach about 5 ×10² /μg DNA.

Method on high-throughput DNA extracting of rape hybrid

ZU Feng, LI Xia, HE Xiao-ying, ZHAO Kai-qin, CHEN Wei, SHU Zheng-qi, DONG Yun-song

2020, 59(12): 179-181. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.040

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Through the deep hole plate germination of Brassica napus hybrid, the steps of DNA extraction by alkali pyrolysis were simplified, and the application of high throughput grinder Fast & Fluid Management SK300 sample homogenizer was combined to provide a whole set of intensive scheme for rapidly obtaining cotyledon DNA samples of rapeseed hybrid with high throughput and low cost. Using this method, 10 thousand DNA could be obtained in 10 hours, which improve the efficiency of DNA extracting, significantly and facilitate purity identification of hybrid rape seed with molecular marker, effectively.

Study on the grass-roots civil servants’ burnout based on job demands-resources model： The mediation and moderation effects of self-efficacy

LIU Rui, ZHU Feng, FAN Pei-yao

2020, 59(12): 182-189. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.041

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The physical and mental health of grass-roots civil servants have always been the focus of human resources management research in the public sector, but job burnout has been widespread in grass-roots civil servants. In order to alleviate the group’s job burnout and promote the sustainable and healthy development of grass-roots civil servants.This study is based on the job demands-resources model, a theoretical model of job burnout for grass roots civil servants is established. Based on the regression analysis of 504 samples of grass-roots civil servants, the results show that, in terms of job requirements, role stress in job demands positively affects job burnout of grass-roots civil servants; In terms of work resources, job social support and career growth opportunities negatively affect job burnout of grass-roots civil servants; Self-efficacy plays a moderating role between role stress and job burnout of grass-roots civil servants, and strengthen the relationship between them; Self-efficacy plays a part of mediating role among job social support, career growth opportunities and job burnout of grass-roots civil servants.

Farmers’ cognition and participation analysis of circular agriculture：Based on farmers questionnaire survey in seven cities of six provinces

SONG Hui-min, FU Chen

2020, 59(12): 190-196. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.042

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Agriculture is not only an important industry of national economy, but also an important field of implementing the concept of green development. Developing circular agriculture is an important part of the green development in agriculture. At present, China's circular agriculture has entered a new stage of accelerated development,hundreds of millions of household contract operation farmers are the largest and most important agricultural operators. Their scientific cognition and active participation are the key to accelerate the development of circular agriculture. Questionnaire survey of farmers in seven cities of six provinces was investigated to analyze and master the cognition and participation of farmers in circular agriculture. The statistical data revealed that the cognition and participation level of Chinese farmers in circular agriculture is not high currently. Thus, the study suggested that strengthening publicity to raise awareness, expanding trials to strengthen demonstration, cultivating operators to lead and drive, organizing innovation to link industries.

Analysis of the demand and expression mechanism of compulsory education of rural residents in China

CHEN Jing-yi, ZHANG Xu-jun

2020, 59(12): 197-200. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.043

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From the theoretical level, the demand of compulsory education of rural residents in China includes the exogenous variable of rural compulsory education, the supply and demand mechanism of rural compulsory education, the provision and results of rural compulsory education service, and the evaluation standard of rural compulsory education, which is not only affected by the exogenous variable ,but also affects the evaluation standard. From the practical level, at present, China's “supplier centered” education policy is difficult to meet the compulsory education demand of rural residents, and there exist no effective information communication mechanism between education providers and consumers. Rural residents can only express their education preferences by choosing schools,choosing places or even dropping out of school depending on their own economic conditions, social capital and cultural capital. Therefore, the government needs to reflect on the current supply mode and development logic of rural compulsory education, and establish the education demand expression and information communication mechanism between the government and rural students with their parents, so as to ensure the satisfaction of the education supply results.

Innovative supporting intelligence mode to block the intergenerational transmission of poverty

WANG Yan, YANG Xiao-ping

2020, 59(12): 201-205. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.044

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At present, blocking poverty intergenerational transmission is a difficult and complex project, must construct the long-term mechanism by using the means of education, through the transformation of poor family members' ideas, general education and vocational skills training, enhance the participation in practice the skills and abilities, to improve their own “hematopoietic” function, change the poor families hard living conditions, can we truly achieve poverty to get rich. Based on the current causes of intergenerational transmission of poverty, this study discussed the relationship between education and intergenerational transmission of poverty, analyzed the mode of supporting intelligence under the pattern of targeted poverty alleviation, and summarized the important ways to block intergenerational transmission of poverty.

Efficiency evaluation of China's provincial logistics industry under low carbon economy：Based on three-stage DEA and K-means cluster analysis methods

SU Gui-ying, QIAO Zhu

2020, 59(12): 206-212. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.045

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According to the 2009—2016 national logistics data of 30 provinces （city, autonomous regions）, based on the development concept of low carbon economy, the energy consumption and carbon emissions is input variables, the three-stage DEA model is used to evaluate the efficiency of the logistics industry. The results showed that the overall development level of China was not high, the logistics industry was still in the stage of increasing scale efficiency, there were differences in the development level of different regions. To effectively improve the efficiency of the logistics industry, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency for the standard, the k-means cluster analysis was carried out for 30 provinces （city, autonomous regions） in China, and put forward corresponding suggestions and countermeasures according to the development level of different types of logistics industry.

Analysis of the rural revitalization path under the vision of urban and rural equivalence

HUANG Deng-hui

2020, 59(12): 213-217. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.12.046

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The rural revitalization strategy is the top priority of the party and state work in the new era. The rural revitalization has rich scientific connotation, target requirements and realization path. It is difficult to fully realize urbanization and citizenization, and the realistic background of the unbalanced cultural level between urban and rural areas and regions, so that rural development must pay attention to the development of the village itself and realize the localization of the village. By giving full play to its own advantages and based on the local realities, promoting rural development according to local conditions, industry and people’s conditions, and realizing the rural residents ability to enjoy “different but equivalent” social living standards and welfare benefits for urban residents in the countryside, that is, to achieve urban and rural equivalent.

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