HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES

Research Progress of Newcastle Disease Multi-component Vaccines

WANG Hong-cai, WEN Guo-yuan, LUO Qing-ping

2018, 57(24): 5-8. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.001

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The prevention and control of Newcastle disease（ND） is mainly prevented by biological safety and enhanced immunity. The current vaccines for prevention of Newcastle disease include attenuated vaccines and inactivated vaccines. In order to reduce costs, reduce the number of immunizations, and achieve the goal of “one needle against multiple diseases”, researchers at home and abroad have developed a series of multi-linked vaccines based on Newcastle disease single seedlings. This article elaborates the research progress of China’s Newcastle disease multi-linked vaccine, analyzes the application effect of vaccine, and provides reference for clinical application.

Research Development of the Control of Sweetpotato Weevil

LEI Jian, WANG Lian-jun, SU Wen-jin, CHAI Sha-sha, YANG Xin-sun

2018, 57(24): 9-12. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.002

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Sweetpotato weevil （Cylas formiarius） is the most serious pest of sweetpotato in south and middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River in China. The pest with the greatest influence on the quality and yield of sweetpotato. In this paper,the distribution,origin,morphological characteristics,living habits,damage characteristics and control methods of sweetpotato weevil were reviewed, in order to provide reference for the future research and control of sweet potato weevil.

Advances in Research on Fertilization Technology of Artemisia selengensis in Suburb

ZHANG Zhi-yi, FAN Xian-peng, YANG Li, LIU Dong-bi, XIONG Gui-yun, DING Jian-jun, ZENG Chang-li, XIAO Yi-bo

2018, 57(24): 13-14. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.003

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Artemisia selengensis is a special vegetable variety, has high nutritional value and economic benefits. Its production is developing towards large-scale and industrialized production. In order to promote the development of Artemisia selengensis industry, increase farmers’ income and ensure the supply of vegetables in cities, the cultivation situations, characteristics of nutritional and fertilizer application, the balanced fertilization technology of Artemisia selengensis was summarized. Finally, the future research direction of Artemisia selengensis was prospected.

Research Progress on the Application of Transgenic Technology in Silkworm

WU Fan, LI De-chen, HAO Yu, XIAO Sheng-wu, CHEN Deng-song

2018, 57(24): 15-18. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.004

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The transgenic methods of silkworm（Bombyx mori Linaeus） were discribed. The research progress of transgenic technology in silkworm was summarized,and the application prospect of transgenic technology in silkworm research was prospected.

Preliminary Report on the Comparative Experiment of High Quality and Efficiency Medium Indica Rice in Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River （in Wuhan）

DONG Hua-ling, WANG Ben-fu, FEI Zhen-jiang, ZHOU Peng, YOU Ai-qing, ZHENG Xing-fei, XU De-ze

2018, 57(24): 19-25. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.005

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The total of 42 medium indica rice varieties were selected to conduct comparative experiments. By using grey and weight correlation analysis methods, E-liangyou476, Liangyou688, Wushansimiao, C-liangyouhuazhan, Ju2you60, Yangliangyou No.6, C-liangyou396 and Tianyouhuazhan were identified with high yield and good quality, and belong to be suitable varieties for the further promotion and application in the test area.

Breeding and Application of Red Rice Variety Luotian-Nverhong with High Quality

XU De-ze, ZHENG Xing-fei, CAI Hai-ya, DONG Hua-ling, FEI Zhen-jiang, LI Zhen-lian, ZHANG Xing-zhong, YOU Ai-qing

2018, 57(24): 26-27. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.006

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Luotian-Nverhong is a new red rice variety from ⁶⁰Co radiation exposure and continuous multi-generation system breeding for native variety Hongmaozhan, and was bred by the Institute of Food Crops of Hubei Agricultural Sciences Academy. This variety has characteristics of high quality, high yield, suitable maturation period, wide adaption and rich nutrition. Thus, it could be one ideal red rice variety for pollution-free high-quality industrial development. The breeding process, characteristics and yield performance of Luotian-Nverhong was mainly introduced.

Comparative Experiment Results and Evaluation of 24 Varieties as Ratooning Rice

CHEN Jie, TU Jun-ming, CAO Zhi-gang, PENG Shao-bin, HUANG Jian-liang, CHENG Jian-ping, FANG Xi-wen, QIAN Tai-ping, ZHANG Qun, JIN Hong-mei

2018, 57(24): 28-31. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.007

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Taking 24 rice（Oryza sativa L.） varieties as materials, the rice cultivars comparative test was carried out, and the four aspects of growth period, yield, quality and resistance of those varieties were compared. The results show that eight cultivars, including Guangliangyou No.9, Tianliangyou 616, Liangyou 8901, Taiyou 390, Zhunliangyou 608, C Liangyouhuazhan and Xinliangyou 223, are suitable for ratoon rice.

The Survey Status and Analysis of Crop Germplasm Resources in Nanzhang County

CUI Lei, DENG Xiao-hui, GAN Cai-xia, YU Xiao-qing, JIAO Chun-hai

2018, 57(24): 32-34. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.008

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Based on the investigation of crop resources in Nanzhang county of Hubei province, the survey and the data analysis of crop germplasm resources in the county area were carried out. Through the combination of literature and field investigation, the survey table of crop germplasm resources was compiled, and the changes of crop planting area, yield and major cultivers from 1956 to 2014 were analyzed, and the problems and countermeasures of crop germplasm resources protection were put forward.

Survey and Analysis of Crop Germplasm Resources in Qichun County of Hubei Province

CHEN Hong-wei, LI Li, LIU Liang-jun, LIU Chang-yan, WAN Zheng-huang

2018, 57(24): 35-38. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.009

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“The 3th national action of crop germplasm resources survey and collection” was carried out in Qichun county in 2016. Total 123 accessions of crop germplasm resources were collected under this action. The local cultivars of vegetable were accounted for 53.66% of the total resources. Landraces showed high resistance, high quality, drought-tolerance and barren-tolerance, but most of them were distributed in remote areas with low yield, low purity and serious degradation. This study provides valuable information for conservation and utilization of local resources in Qichun county.

Breeding and Characteristics of A New Elite Barley Variety Edamai 256

QIN Dan-dan, LI Mei-fang, XU Fu-chao, XU Qing, GE Shuang-tao, DONG Jing

2018, 57(24): 39-40. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.010

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Edamai 256 is a new elite barley（Hordeum vulgare L.） variety with high and stable yield,multiple resistance ability and extensive adaptability. Edamai 256 is bred through convergent cross and pedigree method by Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science. Source of parents,detailed breeding process,characteristics and cultivation techniques of Edamai 256 were provided, which would be the basis for the spread and application of Edamai 256 in agriculture.

The Indica-Japonica Index Identification Methods and Marker-assisted Breeding of Inter-subspecific Hybridization in Rice

JI Wen-jie, LI Yang-sheng

2018, 57(24): 41-45. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.011

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Tall culm,long growth period,low seed setting rate and bad grain filling are the main problems of indica-japonica inter-subspecific hybrid F₁ progeny in rice.This article reviewed the advances of indica-japonica index identification technologies,the relationship between parents’ genetic distance and F₁ heterosis,and the progress in research on plant hight,heading date,fertility genes,and source-sink relationship,to investigate the prospect of molecular markers in rice breeding,hoping to provide some references for the utilization of inter-subspecific heterosis.

Yield Analysis of Wheat Varieties Released from Regional Trial in Hubei Province from 2001 to 2016

TONG Han-wen, PENG Min, LIU Yi-ke, ZHU Zhan-wang, CHEN Ling, ZOU Juan, ZHANG Yu-qing, GAO Chun-bao

2018, 57(24): 46-50. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.012

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Based on wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） regional trial in Hubei from 2001 to 2016, the yield-increasing rate, performance and changing trend of yield and main agronomic traits, and correlation among traits of wheat varieties released had been analyzed in the text. The results showed that, the yield-increasing rates of 27 wheat varieties released were from -2.02% to 9.16%, and the average value of traits such as yield, kernals per spike, plant height and days to maturity were higher, and the average value of effective spikes and 1000-grain weight were lower than that of Zhengmai9023. Comparing with Zhengmai9023, yield, effective spikes and days to maturity were increasing progressively,and kernals per spike,1000-grain weight and plant height were descending. Effective spikes （0.65） and 1000-kernel weight （0.64） were positively related with yield at 0.01 level. Effective spikes was negatively related with kernals per spike（-0.54） at 0.01 level. Keeping on raising effective spikes, intensifying selecting large-grain, solving the contraction of effective spikes and kernals per spike would be major directions of wheat breeding on yield at present in Hubei province.

Studies on Planting Methods of Direct Sowing Cotton in the Cotton-Growing Area of Northern Jiangxi

ZENG Xiao-lin, YANG Lei, LIU Xin-wen, ZHANG Xin-long, XIAO Shui-ping, YANG Shao-qun, WEI Hai-xia, KE Xing-sheng

2018, 57(24): 51-53. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.013

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Taking Ganmianza 109 as the material,3 cultivation modes of 1 plant,2 plants and 3 plants per hole and 7 different densities were set up to study the effects of different cultivation modes and planting densities on the agronomic characters and yield of cotton. The results showed that,the condition of the planting density of 35 700 plants/hm² with 2 plants in 1 hole,row spacing of 0.4 m and line of 1.4 m,was more suitable for plate ground broadcast technology,and on this condition,the yield was the highest.

Screeing Test of New Hybrid Maize Varieties in Jingmen City

WANG Ai-hong, JIANG Hua, CHEN Wei, ZHANG Shun-tao, YANG Rong-ni, YANG Xi-yuan

2018, 57(24): 54-56. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.014

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In order to identify the new maize （Zea mays L.） varieties with the high yield, stability, adaptability and disease resistance, the screening test of new hybrid maize varieties in Jingmen city was carried out. The results showed that the varieties such as Liyu88, Liyu16 and Yuanyu66 which were screened out with stronger growth potential in the seedling period, stronger stems, lodging resistance, good resistance to disease,good maturity, high and stable yield, were suitable for planting in Jingmen city.

Effect of Planting Density and Sowing Date on Grain Yield and Its Related Traits of New Barley Cultivar Edamai 263

DONG Jing, XU Fu-chao, QIN Dan-dan, GE Shuang-tao, XU Qing, LI Mei-fang, YANG Yu-bo

2018, 57(24): 57-59. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.015

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The effects of planting densities and sowing dates on yield related traits of barely（Hordeum vulgare L.） variety Edamai 263 were investigated by field test. The results showed that planting density and sowing date had great effects on grain yield. And the effective tiller, regulated by planting density and sowing date, was the major factor that mostly influenced the yield of Edamai 263. To achieve high yield, the strategy should be raising the number of tiller, ensuring the panicle rate and grain filling. Based on the results, the suitable density was 2 400 thousand seedlings per hectare and the suitable sowing date was in late October.

Comparison Test of Silage Corn Varieties in Huanggang City

ZHAO Jun-li, CHANG Hai-bin, LI Ning

2018, 57(24): 60-61. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.016

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The agronomic traits, yield, resistance of 14 silage corn new varieties were identified, 7 new silage corn varieties that were suitable for popularizing and planting in Huanggang city in Hubei province, including Chengqing 398, Jinrong Qingyuan No.1, Yuqing 389, Huayu No.11 and Rongyu No.1 and Siyu No.2, were screen. It is suggested that further tests should be conducted to provide the possible of these new silage corn varieties suitable for Huanggang city.

Effects of Different Rice Cultivation Modes on Rice Grain Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency under Rape Straw Returning

CHENG Jian-ping, LI Jin-lan, LI Yang, XU De-ze, ZHAO Feng, WANG Ben-fu, ZHANG Zhi-sheng, FEI Li-hong, ZHANG Jing

2018, 57(24): 62-65. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.017

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Six cultivation modes were constructed by different nitrogen application, planting density, and water management under the condition of total amount of rape straw returned to the field. And the effects of different cultivation modes on rice yield formation and fertilizer utilization were investigated during the rice growing season. The results showed that compared with normal nitrogen application, planting density and water management （T2）, normal planting density and low nitrogen application （T4） decreased rice grain yield and high planting density （T3）, high planting density with nitrogen reduction （T5） and water control in early growth stage（T6） increased rice grain yield by 6.96%, 3.24% and 8.96%, respectively. In addition, rice grain yield of no nitrogen application （T1） was significantly lower than other treatments. Moreover, although reduce the individual grain number per panicle, high planting density with nitrogen reduction（T5） improved population size, thus increased rice grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency.

Validation of Tamyb10D and Vp1B3 Associated with Pre-harvest Sprouting Tolerance in Red-grained and White-grained Wheat Varieties

CHEN Ling, GAO Chun-bao, WANG Cui, ZHU Zhan-wang, TONG Han-wen, LIU Yi-ke, ZHANG Yu-qing, ZOU Juan, HE Wei-jie

2018, 57(24): 66-69. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.018

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To acquire valuable marker for pre-harvest sprouting resistance（PHS）,the value of two markers（Tamyb10D and Vp1B3） were estimated in 240 wheat varieties during four years. The results were as follows：①Red-grained wheat were more tolerant to PHS than white-grained wheat.②Two makers were effective to select PHS resistant varieties without considering grain color. And Tamyb10D was more better than Vp1B3. ③Tamyb10D was associated with PHS resistance in red-grained wheat but not in white-grained wheat. While Vp1B3 was not associated with PHS resistance either in red-grained wheat or white-grained wheat.④The frequencies of Tamyb10-D1b and Vp-1Bc were higher in red-grained wheat than those in white-grained wheat. Especially for the allele Tamyb10-D1b,its frequency was 64.79% in red-grained wheat while only 1.78% in white-grained wheat. Above results indicated that the correlations between these two markers and PHS resistance were mostly determined by their correlation with red grained wheat,not by their own functions. In conclusion, marker Tamyb10D can be used to select PHS resistant varieties in red-grained wheat. But marker Vp1B3 can not be used to select PHS resistant varieties both in red-grained and white-grained wheat.

Application of Grey Correlation Degree Analysis in Screening of Special Rice Varieties for Rice-Shrimp in Hubei Province

WANG Ben-fu, ZHANG Zhi-sheng, LI Yang, LI Jin-lan, LI Han-dong, LIU Yu-hong, CHENG Jian-ping

2018, 57(24): 70-73. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.019

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Taking Fudao88, Exiang No2 high quality rice varieties as materials, such as selection of 11 quantitative index as evaluation factors, using the grey correlation method, the effects of various characters on the suitability of the rice variety were analyzed, and the suitability of the variety in the model of rice shrimp was evaluated comprehensively, so as to provide scientific basis for the breeding of high quality rice and the popularization of agricultural technology in the model of rice shrimp co-cropping. The results showed that among the tested 20 rice varieties, 6 varieties had the greater weighting correlative degree with the reference variety, and they were suitable to be used for rice-shrimp co-production model.

Classification of Panicle Type and Its Relationship with Grain Yield and Quality of Rice Based on Panicle Weight in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River

FANG Zhen-bing, PAN Gao-feng, WANG Ben-fu, CHEN Bo, FAN Bing, ZHAO Sha-sha, TIAN Yong-hong

2018, 57(24): 74-78. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.020

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The yield components, yield and rice quality of 74 varieties in the 2017 Hubei mid-season regional trial summary report were selected. Firstly, cluster analysis was carried out by panical weight, and the classification standard of panicle weigh were determined by reference to the classification of predecessors. The relationship among panicle weight, yield was analyzed by regression analysis. Finally, the correlation between panicle type and rice quality was analyzed. The results showed that there were differences in panicle traits among 74 rice （Oryza sativa L.） cultivars. The coefficients of variation according to the order from big to small was 1 000-grain weight, grain number, panicle weight, panicle number, seed setting rate, panicle length. According to the results of cluster analysis and reference to the classification standard of predecessors,74 varieties were divided into three categories according to panicle weights, the panicle weight was larger than 4.25 g for heavy panicle type, and the panicle weight was less than 3.60 g for thin panicle type. The middle panicle type was between the two; The panicle length, the number of grains, the seed setting rate, the 1 000-grain weight, the panicle weight, of heavy panicle type were significantly different with the thin panicle type and the middle panicle type; Yield increased with panicle weight, yield was significantly positively correlated with panicle weight（F=11.28）; The appearance quality（chalky grain rate, chalkiness）,cooking quality（gel consistency, alkali elimination） was better than thin panicle type or the middle panicle type. Therefore, in order to ensure the high yield and high quality of the new varieties to be selected, it was necessary to increase the panicle weight as much as possible.

The Study on Viability and Conditions of Epimedium brevicornu Maxim Seeds

GUO Jie, WU Jia-qi

2018, 57(24): 79-80. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.021

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The variation of the activity of Epimedium brevicornu Maxim seeds was researched. The results showed that the activity of E. brevicornu Maxim seeds declined rapidly after 180 days. And it was basically inactivated after one year. The best condition for seed viability of E. brevicornu Maximis soaking for 3 h,and dying 50 min with 1.0% TTC. The germination rate of seedlings could be increased by soaking in water for about 3 h before sowing.

Optimizing on Fermentation Conditions of Trichoder mareesei by Response Surface Analysis Methodology

RAO Ben, ZHOU Rong-hua, MIN Yong, LIAO Xian-qing, LIU Fang, CHEN Wei, LONG Tong, ZHANG Guang-yang

2018, 57(24): 81-83. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.022

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In order to obtain the optimal medium composition for Trichoder mareesei production, the Plackett-Burman design was used to evaluate the effects of variables, and the optimum levels of key factors affecting mycelium yield were conducted by response surface analysis methodology. The results showed that, the optimal values of the two parameters determined by response surface analysis methodology were fish peptone 1.414 3 g/100 mL and glycerol 2.439 3 g/100 mL. At this point,the model predicted optimal fermentation yield was 85 g/100 mL, and the verified value was 81 g/100 mL,and they were in agreement and it was about 1.35 times the yield of the original medium （60 g/100 mL）.

Control Effects of Florasulam·Halauxifen-methyl 20%WDG on Resistant Broad-leaved Weeds in Wheat Fields and Safety Evaluation

CHENG Xiao-song, ZHU Chong-jing, WANG Ping-shan

2018, 57(24): 84-86. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.023

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The control effects of halauxifen-methyl 20% WDG on resistant broad-leaved weeds in wheat fields and its safety to wheat were studied. The results showed that florasulam·halauxifen 20% WDG 75 g/hm² had a good control effect on resistant broad-leaved weeds in coastal wheat fields in Jiangsu province. It was mixed with fluroxypyr 20% EC 600 mL/hm²,which could improve the control effect of resistant broad-leaved weeds such as Galium aparine,and it was safe for wheat growth.

Isolation,Screening and Identification of Antagonistic Bacteria on Leaf Spot Disease of Thunbergia grandiflora

SONG Li-sha, JIANG Ni

2018, 57(24): 89-92. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.024

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Using the plate confrontation assay,2 strains（bjq-a, bjq-d） with antagonistic effects on leaf spot disease of Thunbergia grandiflora were screened from 6 bacteria isolated from health leaves of T. grandiflora conventional tissue separation,strain bjq-a was the biggest antagonism width. Antibacterial spectrum tests showed it had significantly antagonistic activities to 9 plant pathogens. Based on morphological and 16S rDNA sequence analysis, strains bjq-a and bjq-d were identified as Bacillus methylotrophicus and B. amyloliquefaciens,respectively. When observed under the microscope,the mycelia of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides showed swollen, deformity and breakage.

Study on Antibacterial Active Components of Fungi SF_24818

WU Zhao-yuan, ZHANG Ya-ni, FANG Wei, SHI Li-qiao, LIU Man-li

2018, 57(24): 93-95. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.025

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In the search for antimicrobial natural products, fungus SF_24818 with strong antimicrobial activity was obtained. By active tracking,the active fraction was detected,and two active compounds which were identified as neohydroxyaspergillic acid and aspergillic acid by UV,MS and NMR were isolated from the culture of large scare fermentation of SF_24818. Further antimicrobial activity tests showed that the two active compounds had significant antimicrobial effect to Staphylicoccus aureus.

Identification of An Actinomyce Isolate JK-1 and Its Antifungal Activity Against the Rice Blast Fungus

ZENG Fan-song, LI Su-qin, WANG Yun-feng, LIU Qi-mei, XIANG Li-bo, YANG Li-jun, GONG Shuang-jun, SHI Wen-qi

2018, 57(24): 96-99. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.027

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Morphological,physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequence of actinomyce isolate JK-1 were analysed. It showed that isolate JK-1 belonged to Streptomyces albidoflavus var. . To evaluate the inhibiting activities of isolate JK-1 against four plant fungal pathogens,the rice blast fungus（Magnaporthe oryzae）,the cotton verticillium wilt pathogen （Verticillium alboatrum）,the fusarium head blight pathogen （Fusarium graminearum） and rice sheath blight pathogen （Rhizoctonia solani Kühn）,antifungal activity assays were performed using mycelium growth rate method. The crude fermentation liquid showed strong inhibiting activity against the four pathogens,especially M. oryzae with inhibitory rate of 91.14%±0.04%. The crude fermentation liquid was concentrated by freeze drying,and then extracted with methanol. The diluted methanol extraction of fermentation liquid with 2 000 times exhibited a significant inhibitory effect on mycelium growth of M. oryzae with inhibiting rate of 53.42%±1.29%.

Differential Detection and Analysis of Pathotypes of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae in Hubei Province

YUAN Bin, LIU You-mei, HUANG Wei, ZHANG Shu, LYU Liang, CHANG Xiang-qian, YANG Xiao-lin

2018, 57(24): 100-103. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.028

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In order to understand the pathogenic differentiation and variation of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in Hubei province,pathogenic isolates were collected from rice growing areas in Hubei province. Near isogenic lines IRBB2,IRBB3,IRBB5,IRBB13,IRBB14 and IR24 carrying different resistance genes were used to detect pathogenic differentiation. Leaf-clipping method was used to detect pathogenic differentiation of the pathogen according to the interaction between the host and the isolates. The results showed that the pathotype R9（SSSSSS） of rice bacterial blight was 46.2%,and the unknown strains were 38.5%. Compared with the results of previous studies,the pathotypes of bacterial blight in Hubei province had undergone considerable variations, and the main pathogenic form was changed from R4 to R9,with the emergence of R8 （SSRSSS） types which wasn’t detected and unknown types. At the same time,Xa7 and Xa23 mediated resistance were identified. A few strains of Xa7 gene could be overcome,while Xa23 could resist all strains. Therefore,these two genes could be used in rice breeding for resistance to bacterial blight in Hubei province.

Genetic Diversity of Radish Germplasm of Hubei Province Based on Phenotypic Trait

DENG Xiao-hui, CUI Lei, GAN Cai-xia, YU Xiao-qing, DONG Jun-ming, JIAO Chun-hai

2018, 57(24): 104-107. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.029

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To evaluate 59 accessions of radish from Hubei province, 19 phenotypic traits had been evaluated in the experiment field for three years. The data were analyzed by correlation analysis, and cluster analysis to study the genetic diversity, in order to provide the theoretical guidance in purposely utilizing the radish germplasm resources. The results showed that there wert abundant variations in the exterior color above-ground fleshy root, exterior color under-ground fleshy root, fleshy root shape, fleshy root weight and number of small lobed leaves, there were correlation coefficients between 16 traits reaching very significant level, which indicated that the most phenotypic traits were intrinsically linked. The 59 radish resources could be classified into 3 groups.

Evaluation Model of Flue-cured Tobacco Smoking Quality Based on Artificial Neural Network and Its Implementation

CHEN Wei, ZHOU Hao, PAN Wen-jie, XIONG Yong-hua

2018, 57(24): 108-111. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.030

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In order to improve the smoking quality evaluation efficiency, Spearman correlation analysis and partial correlation analysis were used to determine the seven chemical components which affected the smoking quality of flue-cured tobacco. The artificial neural network between seven chemical components and smoking quality was established using BP artificial neural network. Finally, the artificial neural network was used to predict the smoking quality of different flue-cured tobacco samples. The results showed that the use of artificial neural network to evaluate the smoking quality of flue-cured tobacco had a good correlation with the artificial method and a low error. Flue-cured tobacco smoking quality evaluation software designed in C++ language can facilitate the training of tobacco smoking quality model and the evaluation of smoking quality, and it had good practicability.

The Classification of Grapefruit Based on BP Neural Network

HUANG Jie-xian, LIU Yan, YANG Dong-tao

2018, 57(24): 112-115. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.031

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A grapefruit classification detection system based on BP neural network was introduced. BP neural network model was built by selecting the grapefruit surface defects, grapefruit shape, grapefruit size and other indicators, in order to get better network weights. Then 20 sets of data for verification were selected. The experimental results indicated that grapefruit classification could be accurately classified by using BP neural network with the accuracy of 90%.

Research on the 1234 Precision Breeding Technology of Broiler

PAN Ai-luan, SHEN Jie, YANG Lin, PU Yue-jin, WU Yan, PI Jin-song, WANG De-cai, SUN Jing, LIANG Zhen-hua, ZHANG Hao, DU Jin-ping

2018, 57(24): 116-119. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.032

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The 1234 precision breeding technology of broiler was studied by taking Cobb 500 chickens as experimental animals. The connotation of this technology was：1 main line of production, 2 times of timely delivery, 3 sections of accurate temperature supply, and 42 days of production. In this study,six 120 m by 14 m chicken houses were divided into two groups, 1 chicken house for 1 repetition. The effects of this precision technology and conventional breeding techniques were compared. The results showed that： The application of precision breeding technology can add up to 329.1 thousand yuan in one production cycle. The unit production cost reduced by 0.566 yuan/kg, and the cost saved by 41.4 thousand yuan for one production cycle of a chicken house. The cost saving and additional income of single-family chicken house increased by 370.5 thousand yuan. The effects of the 1234 precision technology was obvious.

Efficient Breeding Model of Pond Crawfish and Mandarin Fish in Rotation

XIE De-bing, LI Bo, ZHU Si-hua, LIU Yi-ran, WANG Hui, ZHENG Cui-hua

2018, 57(24): 120-123. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.033

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This paper mainly carried out the experiment on the mode of rotation of crayfish and mandarin fish. From January to February, the pond was planted with water and grass, from February to March, and shrimps were put on. In March- April, the crayfish were fed. In May-June7, the shrimps were raised and listed, and then the mandarin fish seedling and bait fish were magnified, and the mandarin fish was quickly grown into commercial fish in the July-Dcember month. Through intensive management and off-season rotation, the effective utilization time of the pond has been increased, thus greatly improving the economic income of pond culture. The results showed that the net profit of the cultured crayfish was 4 877.3 yuan per 667 m² and that of the cultured mandarin fish was 2 385.6 yuan per 667 m². The total profit of 667 m² is 7 262.9 yuan. This mode is mainly based on pond culture of crayfish, and makes full use of the difference of the growth cycle of the breeds. This model put different breed in the same pond in the wrong season of the same pond, and realized one water dual use and one pool double harvest, which saved the resources and achieved the comprehensive benefit of ecological environmental protection.

Anatomical and Histological Observation of Digestive System of Vibrissaphora ailaonica

YANG Yun-li, LIAO Dong-yan, LI Hong-mei

2018, 57(24): 124-127. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.034

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Anatomical and histological observations were performed on the digestive system of Vibrissaphora ailaonica. The results showed that the digestive tract can be roughly divided into oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and rectum. The liver is divided into left, middle and right leaves. The esophagus of the digestive tract tissue structure is composed of adventitia, mucosa, muscle, cilia and goblet cells; the stomach is composed of muscularis, mucosa, stomach glands, and gastric pits; and the small intestine is composed of mucosal, muscular, and goblet cells. The intestinal glands of the small intestine and rectum are not developed, and the stomach glands are abundant. The ratio of the length of the intestine to the head is approximately 1.5 times, and the digestive tract is short. In the artificial breeding, the non-leathered and easily digestible bait should be used.

Study on Radiation Softening Mechanism of Black Fungus

YANG De, XUE Shu-jing, QIU Jian-hui, LI Lu

2018, 57(24): 128-131. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.035

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In this study, the effects of different irradiation doses on rehydration, texture characteristics and nutrient composition of black fungus were studied. The results showed that after rehydration, the upper and lower epidermis of irradiated Auricularia auricula were stratified, the mycelium was separated. The hardness and the protein content were decreased, and the decreasing presented positive correlation with irradiation doses. The water absorption capacity and the polysaccharide solubility showed increasing tendency at first, and then decreased when the irradiation doses increased. The viscosity of auricularia polysaccharide solution was decreased with the increasing irradiation doses. It suggested that the rehydration soft rot of irradiated Auricularia auricula might be related to the changes of protein and polysaccharide structure.

Preparation Technology of White-noodles from Milled Potato

SHI Jian-bin, SUI Yong, CAI Sha, HE Jian-jun, CHEN Xue-ling, FAN Chuan-hui, MEI Xin

2018, 57(24): 132-135. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.036

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Milled potato powder is the main raw material for the potato staple food and contains all nutrition in fresh potato. But there is no gluten in the milled potato powder, which results the gluten contents in flour and the noodles quality decreasing. In this study, the effects of additive amounts of milled potato powder, water, salt, carrageenan, and fermentation time on noodles quality, such as cooking property and sensory evaluation, were evaluated by singles-factors and orthogonal experiments. The results showed that the optimum recipe of white-noodle was as follows： milled potato powder of 10%, water of 34%, carrageenan of 1.0%, salt 2.0%, and fermentation time of 40 min.

Rapid Determination of Amantadine and Rimantadine in Honey by UPLC-MS/MS

GONG Bo, JIN Xiu-e, LI Jing-jing, WU Xiao-cui, WANG Jun

2018, 57(24): 136-138. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.037

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A UPLC-MS/MS method was developed and established to raplidly determine amantadine and rimantadine in honey. The sample were extracted with acetonitrile with 1% formic acid. After enrichment,the sample was separated by UPLC,eluted with acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid as the mobile phase and the MRM reaction was monitored. The results showed that there was a good linearity in the range of 0.1~100 μg/L, and the correlation coefficient were more than 0.999. The detection limit of the amantadine was 0.2 μg/kg, and the limit of quantification was 0.5 μg/kg;the detection limit of the rimantadine was 0.5 μg/kg, and the limit of quantification was 1.0 μg/kg. The average recoveries were 75%~110% in the range from 1~20 μg/kg,and the precision was less than 20%. The method was convenient, rapid, accurate and it was suitable for the detection of amantadine and rimantadine in honey.

Extraction and Analysis of Volatile Oils from Zhaotong Zanthoxylum schinifolium Sieb. et Zucc.

XIONG Ru-qin, CHEN Bi-xiong, WANG Rui, ZHANG Ze-jun

2018, 57(24): 139-142. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.038

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Volatile Oils of Zanthoxylum schinifolium Sieb. et Zucc. from Ludian, Yongshan, Qiaojia and Yiliang counties of Zhaotong city are extracted by steam distillation. Using GC/MS, chemical constituents were determined and their relative quantities were calculated with area normalizatin method. The results showed that there is no significant difference in the main components of volatile oil in the four counties. The main components are linalool, sabinene, D-limonene, terpinene and terpineol, they are more than 80% in the essential oils. Compared with the volatile oils obtained from Sichuan hanyuan, jinyang, renshou, hongya and Chongqing jiangjin green pepper, the content of linalool is higher in Zhaotong Zanthoxylum schinifolium Sieb. et Zucc.

Chemical Composition Analysis of Volatile Oil of Different Perrilla frutenscens L. Britt.

ZHENG Mei-qin, WEI Yan-xia, LIN Rui-yu

2018, 57(24): 143-146. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.039

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The constituents of essential oils extracted with steam distillation from leaves of different Perrilla frutenscens L. was analyzed by GC/MS technique and their relative concentration was acquired with the methods of area normalization. The results showed that 66 and 65 compounds were identified respectively from the leaves of different Perrilla frutenscens L. Only fifteen volatile compounds were simultaneously found in the essential oils,including parsley ethers and carenene. The most main component were apiol（76.392%） from the leaves of Perrilla frutenscens L.,but there was 2-benzofuran（89.418%） in the leave of perrilla frutenscens L..

Design on Water Quality Monitoring Device for Aquaculture with Skewer Style

YAN Yang, ZHOU Ping, HAN Li-jun, LI Shuang-shuang, HE Jia-jia

2018, 57(24): 147-150. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.040

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Traditional aquaculture water quality monitoring devices often use water quality monitoring sensor fixed submerged water working mode, resulting in water quality monitoring sensor loss of large, short working life. In this paper, a kind of water quality monitoring device with skewer style is designed, which is based on the innovative design of the sample work mode and the water sampling mode, and the water sample is extracted to the designated sensor location for detection, the monitoring precision is increased by 30%; the sensor and the monitored water body are not directly contacted to protect The service life of the sensor is 70% longer than that of the traditional device. And in the same depth, using the device of the motion mechanism to achieve the same depth, the different locations of multiple sampling, monitoring data more comprehensive. Through position sensor, MCU （including STM32F4, MAX813 watchdog Chip） to adjust the drop depth of the stick-like bar, to avoid the possible error caused by manual operation.

Quantitative Estimation of Water Content of Maize Leaves under the Action of Different Types of Microorganism

XIE Wen-wu

2018, 57(24): 151-155. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.041

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By measuring the hyperspectral reflectance of maize plant leaves with different types of microorganism under the condition of pot experiment, the difference of the leaf water content was analyzed,Investigate the effect of different microorganisms on the water content of vegetation and the change of its spectral characteristics,and tried to use hyperspectral remote sensing technology to monitor and identify the water content of maize leaves under different treatment conditions. The results show that the CK prediction model Y=0.839×[exp（0.006 t）] has the highest prediction accuracy in the best estimation model of the leaf water content, the coefficient of determination is 0.851,RMSE is 0.018,the prediction precision of G.m processing model Y=0.84-100.128 t-166 349.654 t² is the lowest, the coefficient of determination R² is 0.638,RMSE is 0.013. The models constructed by different treatments can effectively predict the water content of the corresponding leaves,in the field of microbial reclamation,information support is provided for the rapid and efficient monitoring and evaluation of the water content of vegetation leaves under the action of different types of microorganism.

Study on sgRNA Validity Verification in Gene-Edited Mice Based on CRISPR/Cas9

XU Wen-hao, ZHOU Wan, ZANG Dun-an, GONG Xue-jie, LIU Qing-hua, YU Meng-fei, XUE Lu, PENG Yong-bo

2018, 57(24): 156-159. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.042

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The mouse gene,S100A9 was used as an example to illustrate the expected sgRNA design. After in vitro transcription and Cas9 mRNA were injected into the fertilized egg by micro-injection,the embryos in the blastocyst stage were selected,and then performed with genotype identification. The results showed that a total of 113 fertilized eggs were microinjected,of which 28 successfully developed into the blastocyst stage,and five blastocysts produced effective genetic mutations at specific sites. The editing efficiency was 18%. This method is simple to operate,can rapidly verify the sgRNA activity in vivo,and provides a basis for the preparation of subsequent genetically edited mice.

RAPD Analysis on Genetic Diversity of Cardamine violifolia O. E. Schulz from Different Dregion in Hubei and Hunan Provinces

XIANG Ji-qian, WANG Xiao-hui, YIN Hong-qing, WAN Hai-ying, LI Ya-jie, YANG Yong-kang, CONG xin

2018, 57(24): 160-163. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.043

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Random amplified polymorphic DNA（RAPD） analysis was applied to determine the genetic diversity among 5 Cardamine violifolia O. E. Schulz samples from different region of Hubei and Hunan provinces. 10 among 50 primers were selected to amplify about 78 segments DNA, 49 polymorphic segments were found, the percentage of polymorphic probability was 62.8%. Cluster analysis using NTSYS software, a similar coefficient of 0.68 as the standard, all varieties can be divided into three categories. GroupⅠincluding C.violifolia Hubei “1” and Yutangba Shuanghe of Enshi City; GroupⅡ including Sifangdong Changyang Yichang City and Hupingshan Changde City; Liziping Wufeng Yichang City was divided into a class of independent.

Influence on Rice Anther Culture Process on Culture Result

LI San-he, ZHA Wen-jun, ZHOU Lei, LIU Kai, YANG Guo-cai, YOU Ai-qing

2018, 57(24): 164-166. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.044

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There are many factors which influence the result of rice anther culture. In this study, Yuzhenxiang/Ezhongwuhao/Yujing91 was used to reveal the influence of rice anther culture process on culture result. Young panicles pretreated in low temperature for 8 days had a good induction rate if sucrose was added into the induction medium while pretreatment with ten days had a better result if maltose was added into the induction medium, on the whole, maltose was better than sucrose in the induction period. The time of drawing young panicles effected the induction rate and too early and too late were disadvantageous to callus induction. If calluses were induced with the medium with maltose, there would have better differentiation rate than medium with sucrose. Calluses which were induced early had much higher differentiation rate than those were lately induced.

Practical Exploration of the Realization Form of Agricultural Moderate Scale Management in Hubei Province

XING Mei-hua, WANG Wei-wei, HUANG Cang-yu

2018, 57(24): 167-173. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.045

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Diversified realization form of agricultural moderate scale management is the only way to lead the development of modern agriculture. This paper summarizes the realization forms of agricultural moderate scale management in Hubei Province, reviews the advantages and disadvantages of various forms of realization, and finally expounds its development trend, and believes that socialized service-drivenform of agricultural moderate scale managementwhich can effectively promote the organic connections between the small farmers and the development ofmodern agriculture, is a form of moderate scale management that should focus on guiding and supporting development in the future. At the same time, this paper suggests enriching the realization form of socialized service-driven of agricultural moderate scale management, improving the demonstration and driving ability of new business entities, and cultivating and improving the agricultural socialization service organization, so as to give full play to the leading role of agricultural moderate scale management in modern agriculture.

Research on the Influence of Regional Brand Construction on Agricultural Innovation System Structure

DU Jian-guo

2018, 57(24): 171-174. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.046

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Constructing agricultural innovation system was an effective way to developed modern agriculture and realized agricultural innovation. Using the innovation system theory as the core, the construction of the innovation system structure framework was completed, and based on the researched results of agricultural enterprises and farmers of vegetable industrial cluster in Jiayu county, an empirical study on the above innovation system structure through the social network analysis method was conducted. The results showed that the structure of knowledge network was multi-core and had high density and concentration. Compared with the agro-area manufacturing cluster, agricultural innovation had a greater dependence on the market demand and the peers in the field, and needed to cooperate actively with scientific research units and universities.

Review and Revelation of Development of Hubei Agricultural Science and Technology for 40 Years

HUANG Qi-zhen, CHEN Jie

2018, 57(24): 175-180. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.047

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The development course of agricultural science and technology in Hubei Province in the past 40 years was reviewed, the great achievements and historical experience of agricultural science and technology in Hubei Province were summarized. The important position, role and influence of agricultural science and technology in agricultural development of Hubei Province, and finally drawed five important enlightenments were analysed.

Research on the Growth of Listed Company in Liquor Industry Based on Catastrophe Series Method

GU Wen-lin, LIN Ning, MA Yu-guo

2018, 57(24): 181-185. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.048

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On the basis of the theory of growth capacity and mutation theory, the development trend of liquor industry in China has been analyzed. The three-level evaluation system of growth capacity was built from the financial efficiency level, management efficiency level and environmental level,including 25 evaluation indexes. Then, growth capacity scores of 17 listed companies of liquor industry in China in 2016 were calculated step by step and conclusions on the growth ability were put forward.

The Strategy of Agricultural Development with Chinese Characteristics under the Precision Poverty Alleviation

WAN Na, LI Xiao-qin

2018, 57(24): 186-188. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.049

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As a basic industry, agriculture is the focus of poverty alleviation in China. With the continuous progress of poverty alleviation in China, some progress had been made in poverty alleviation in agriculture. However, due to the low level of independent development and other problems in agricultural development, poverty alleviation work had produced such phenomena as unreasonable industrial structure, insufficient market distribution capacity and insufficient utilization of poverty alleviation funds. This study xiangxi tujia & miao autonomous prefecture as the research object, the precision of poverty alleviation as the breakthrough point, through the study of the autonomous prefecture TeKun Village within the actual situation of agricultural development, combining with the characteristic agriculture industry development problems, so as to explore the appropriate solution, for the state's agricultural industrialization development, intensify the poverty alleviation work provides a new train of thought, the final precision agriculture poverty alleviation work for other areas to provide the reference.

Study on the Moderate Land-Scale Operation of Rapeseed Based on Dual Objectives—An Evidence from 342 Households in Hubei Province

CHEN Yun-fei, FENG Zhong-chao, DU Wei-gong

2018, 57(24): 189-193. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.24.050

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Taking the edible oil plants’ supply safety and the farmers’ income increase as the dual objectives, adopting the evidence of 342 households in Hubei main rapeseed producing area in 2013-2014, this paper will give a study on the Moderate land-scale operation of rapeseed based on such 3 household models of input-output, profit and cost. The result shows that： 1） the main impact factors are planting scale and total producing cost in rapeseed’ production and the farmers’ income while there is very weak impact of labor skills to rapeseed’ production and the farmers’ income. 2） Land is the most important element in rapeseed production and there are some impact on edible oil plants’ production and farmers’ income of land fragmentation and land transfer. 3）the moderate land-scale operation of rapeseed based on dual objectives may be [0.36,0.67）hm² now.

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