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Table of Content

    25 June 2018, Volume 57 Issue 12
    Reviews
    The Regulation of Intestinal Barrier Function on Intestinal Flora Changes in Animals
    ZHANG Xiao-feng, GUO Yan-jun, JIANG Hui, GUO Li-ying, ZHOU Xi-qin, HU Ya-ping, JI Qian-hua
    2018, 57(12):  5-8.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.001
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    The animal's intestinal barrier system is the largest area where the organism contacts and interacts with the external environment, and is also the largest portal for pathogen invasion. Therefore, a complete and efficient animal intestinal barrier system is essential for regulating the invasion of intestinal pathogenic microorganisms. By introducing the composition of the intestinal barrier system, the regulatory effects of different intestinal barrier systems on the changes of intestinal flora were reviewed.
    Research and Prospects on Tea Raw Materials Rolling Process in Recent Seven Years
    LU Su-fang, LI Fei, WANG Sheng-peng, QIU Fang-fang
    2018, 57(12):  9-11.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.002
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    Rolling process, which is an important process for green tea, is an important process to shape green tea appearance quality. Based on the overview of rolling process for fresh tea materials, it was mainly introduced the influence of different rolling processes on green tea quality and the rolling equipment development progress. Then, by summing up the previous studies results of rolling process, the development of rolling process in future was prospected.
    Breeding & Cultivation
    Effect of High Temperature Stress on Growth Characteristics and Yield of Medium Indica Hybrid Rice
    LIU Zhong-xin, LUO He-qing, ZHOU Ru-bao, MA Zi-bo
    2018, 57(12):  12-15.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.003
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    During the flowering and filling period of medium rice in 2016 and 2017,heat damage in rice was serious because of the long-term high temperature in Macheng. The main contents of this paper includes the observation of the regional variety test and production test in the middle-season rice green channel test by Zoeve seed;the normalization treatment of observational data;analysis of different performance of various medium hybrid rice under high temperature stress;further analysis of calculation results with graphic method;summary of characteristics of high temperature resistant varieties.
    Breeding and High Yield Cultivation of High Quality Conventional Rice Variety Xiuzhan 15
    MEI Jun, LIU Ke-min, XU Heng, CHANG Hua-min
    2018, 57(12):  16-18.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.004
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    Xiuzhan 15, a new high-quality conventional rice variety, was from the cross between E'feng 28 and Fengmeizhan, through 6 years of shuttle breeding in Xiantao and Hainan. In 2015, Xiuzhan 15 was tested in the regional trial of high-quality inbred rice in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. It passed the production test in 2017 and preliminary examination in 2018 in Guangxi. Xiuzhan 15 had high and steady yield and good quality. It showed a highly significant yield increase of 9.68%, compared with CK in the regional trial of Guangxi. The rice quality reached the second-class of rice quality standard, with crystal clear grain, high milled rice rate and good commodity value. The cooked rice of this variety had a moderate hardness, good taste and palatability.
    Cultivation Model of Planting Density and Fertilizer Application for Maize Variety Shuangyu 919
    YU Chang-ping, ZHOU Hua-ping, LIU Yong-zhong, XIAO Neng-wu, YE Qing-song, FENG Hai-dong, XIAO Li-li, QIN Guang-ming, ZHANG Zhen, CUI Peng
    2018, 57(12):  19-21.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.005
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    The factors of fertilizer(A) and density(B) were designed with five levels in this experiment. The results indicated that fertilizer and density had obvious effects on the agronomic characteristics and yield of Shuangyu 919. When the fertilizer was 337.5 kgN/hm2 and the density was 60 000 plants/hm2,the agronomic characteristics were the best and the yield was the highest(14 843.20 kg/hm2).
    Characteristics and Cultivation Techniques of Two-line Hybrid Medium Rice Liangyou 3313 with Good Quality and High Yield
    FAN Bing, TIAN Yong-hong, CHEN Bo, FANG Zhen-bing, ZHAO Sha-sha, PAN Gao-feng
    2018, 57(12):  22-23.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.006
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    Liangyou 3313 was a two-line hybrid medium rice variety developed by Xiangyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,with suitable growth period,good lodging resistance,high and stable yield,high seed production yield and good quality.Characteristics and cultivation techniques of Liangyou 3313 were introduced.
    Application of AMMI Model and GGE Biplot in Rape Regional Trial of Hubei
    HUANG Da-ming, XIE Xiong-ze, BAI Gui-ping, XIE Jie
    2018, 57(12):  24-29.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.007
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    This study analyzed the yield data of tested varieties in the 2017 Hubei rape regional trial by the AMMI model of GenStat Version 18.1 and GGE biplot, to comprehensively evaluate the yielding ability and stability of tested varieties, as well as the discriminability and representativeness of each test location. The results showed that, yields were significantly different for different varieties and test sites, and there was a very significant interaction between varieties and test sites. Shengguang168, Huayougao1, Huayouza702, Liyouza6 and Shengguang136 had better yielding ability, Liyou618, Huayouza9, Huayouza652, Yangguang160 and Huagaoyou1 had better stability. In variety adaptability, the variety Shengguang136 with better yielding ability and worse stability was suitable for planting in Xiaogan, Huanggang, Xiangyang and Zhongyousuo. Variety Shengguang168, Huayouza702, Shengguang136 and Huayougao1 had best comprehensive evaluation. In the functional form of the pilot, the pilots with better discrimination were Shayang, Qianjiang, Xiaogan and Yichang, the pilots with better representativeness were Huanggang, Zhongyousuo, Xiaogan and Suizhou, the pilots with better comprehensiveness included Xiaogan, Huanggang, Suizhou and Yichang. Comprehensive utilization of the AMMI and GGE biplot could provide reference for screening excellent varieties in suitable areas and offer an effective method and theoretical basis for screening new improved varieties with wide adaptability.
    Resource & Environment
    The Fixed Extraction Performance of Portulaca oleracea for the Heavy Metal Ions in Contaminated Soil
    YUAN Qing-xiang, CHAI Feng-lan, LI Jing
    2018, 57(12):  30-32.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.008
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    The content of Pb and Cd in Portulaca oleracea growing in soils contaminated by heavy metal were investigated by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer(FAAS). The results showed that P. oleracea had strong extraction performance for the heavy metal ions in contaminated soils. And the extraction performance of P. oleracea to Cd was superior than that to Pb.
    Experimental Report on Organic Fertilizer Substitute for Chemical Fertilize of Tea
    LIU Shui-li, TANG Yi-long
    2018, 57(12):  33-35.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.009
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    The experiment of organic manure instead of chemical fertilizer was carried out on tea. The effects of organic manure and different dosage of formula on the biological properties and economic benefits of tea were carried out. The combination of organic fertilizer and formula fertilizer applied organic fertilizer 2 250~3 750 kg/hm2,which reduced 20%~40% of fertilizer, and the cost of fertilizer per unit area was low, and the economic benefit was better.
    Screening and Identifying the Aroma-producing Strains from Pineapple
    YU Yun, YIN Tuan-zhang, PANG Cheng-hong, MA Yu-ming, ZHU Wen, HUANG You-yi
    2018, 57(12):  36-39.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.010
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    Eight aroma-producing strains were screened preliminarily from pineapples by using the methods of tissue culture,homogenate separation,and enrichment and separation. And a strain,ZFF1 producing the fragrances of flowers and herbs from 8 strains was obtained after secondary screening. The strain ZFF1 was identified as Hanseniaspora uvarum by morphological and molecular identification,and it was safe.
    Effect Analysis of Foliar Fertilizer Applying on the Yield and Quality of Strong Gluten Wheat
    GUO Rui, QI Xue-li, WANG Hui-wei, ZHANG Yu, DONG Hai-bin, ZHANG Jian-zhou
    2018, 57(12):  40-43.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.011
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    To determine the yield and quality effects of applying period and times of foliar fertilizer of strong gluten wheat were studied. The chlorophyll content of flag leaves,yield and quality of grain were analyzed under different treatments by random experiment of two factors and spraying times. The results showed that the chlorophyll content of flag leave was increased when spraying foliar fertilizer before winter and at jointing stage. And the chlorophyll content of flag leaves reached a maximum when praying foliar fertilizer at three stages. From the yield perspective,the best time of spraying foliar fertilizer was seedling stage and jointing stage,and spraying three times before winter,at the jointing and filling stage could improve the yield of wheat significantly. From the quality perspective,the quality of spraying foliar fertilizer could improve the quality of wheat,especially at jointing stage and heading stage. Spraying foliar fertilizer at jointing,heading and filling stage could increase the yield, however,it could debase the quality.
    Soil Micro Pore Structure Properties as Affected by Long-term Application of Different Planting Patterns
    LIU Zhe
    2018, 57(12):  44-47.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.012
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    Three planting patterns organic planting, pollution-free planting and conventional planting were conducted to show their effect on soil pore structure properties in greenhouse and farmland respectively. Soil slices and digital image processing were used for data analysis. The results showed that long-term organic planting changed significantly soil pore distribution and soil total porosity compared with conventional cultivation. The organic planting also improved the distribution ratio of the size pore and obviously increased the number of ventilation of the soil pore proportion of equivalent pore diameter >100 μm. Therefore,organic planting was an effective measure to improve soil pore structure properties.
    Quality Inspection of Meteorological Disaster Early Warning Signal in Jiyang County in 2015 — 2016
    LIU Xin-yan, SUN Xiao-li, WANG Hua, ZHANG You-ju
    2018, 57(12):  48-50.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.013
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    The quality inspection of the early warning signal in Jiyang county from 2015 to 2016 was conducted. The results showed that the thunder TS scores were the highest in each period,followed by the rainstorm followed by the lowest gale. The early warning time of the gale was slightly higher,the rainstorm was second,and the thunder was the lowest; Overall quality test TS score was slightly higher in 2015 than 2016,and early warning time was raised in 2016 years earlier than in 2015.
    Plant Protection
    Occurrence Characteristics and Green Prevention and Control Strategy of Tea Geometrid
    LEI Gai-xiang, WANG You-ping, LI Xin-hua, CHENG Fan-yang, TU Xiu-liang, ZHANG Jing-feng, CHEN Xun
    2018, 57(12):  51-52.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.014
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    The early sexual attraction of tea geometrid(Ectropis obliqua) were monitored in Chibi from 2015 to 2017 for three years. Its occurrence regularity and characteristics were summarized. And the effective green prevention and control strategies were put forward in order to provide reference for production management.
    Effects of Various Food Ratio on the Development and the Activities of Digestive and Protective Enzymes of Tenebrio molitor Linnaens Larvae
    WANG Rui-rui, FU Bai-wen, WU Guang, YANG Zhen-de, HUANG Mei, FEI Ling-ling, LIN Ye-bang
    2018, 57(12):  53-56.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.015
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    In order to understand the physiological adaptability of Tenebrio molitor larvae to different food proportions, the effects of five different food comparisons on the growth characteristics and the activities of digestive enzymes and protective enzymes in Tenebrio molitor larvae were determined. The results showed that different food comparisons had a significant effect on the development, digestive enzyme and protective enzyme activities of T. molitor larvae. Adding green fodder with high water content in wheat bran, especially high sugar content of apples, pears and other fruits were conducive to promoting the growth of T. molitor larvae. There was a positive correlation between the development and the protease activity of T. molitor larvae in different food proportions. The growth rate of the larvae of T. molitor was not correlated with the activity of protective enzymes, but the activity of SOD and CAT was the lowest in the larvae with the fastest growth of the treatment 5(83% wheat bran with 17% pear).
    Indoor Toxicity Determination of Dichlorvos and Isoprocarb Smoke Agent Against Chinese Chives Maggot,Bradysia odoriphaga
    XU Lei, ZHAO Tong-hua, XU Guo-qing, LIU Pei-bin
    2018, 57(12):  57-60.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.016
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    The fumigation toxicity of dichlorvos and isoprocarb smoke agent against Bradysia odoriphaga adults were measured by the glass chamber method. The results showed that the fumigation toxicity of the two kinds of smoke agent were the strongest by 26 ℃ dealt with 2 h,and right now their LD50 remained basically,but the LD99 of isoprocarb smoke agent (0.733 30 g.a.i/m3) was 5.2 times as much as that of dichlorvos smoke agent(0.141 40 g.a.i/m3). The fumigation toxicity of the two kinds of smoke agent showed enhancement trend with the increase of temperature at the same period. The conclusions showed that the fumigation toxicity of dichlorvos smoke agent against B. odoriphaga adults was stronger, and the test insects showed greater sensitivity to dichlorvos smoke agent.
    The Preliminary Evaluation for Peanut Varieties(Strains) Resistance to Peanut Leaf Spot Disease
    ZHANG Wei, JIAO Yan-lin, LUAN Bing-hui, YU Xiao-li, WANG Ying-zi
    2018, 57(12):  61-64.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.017
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    To identify different peanut varieties(lines) of leaf spot disease resistance,the resistance to peanut leaf spot diseases of widely cultivated peanut varieties collected from Yantai and peanut varieties(strains) for regional test of National Peanut Test Station were investigated under natural conditions. The results indicated that there were different incidence of Yantai widely cultivated peanut varieties. The occurrence of black spot of Shanhua 13 presented relatively light. The occurrence of early leaf spot of Huayu 33, Haihua 1, Shanhua 17, Shanhua 9, Shanhua 7 and Shanhua 15 presented relatively light. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on the disease resistance of peanut leaf spot disease of 83 peanut varieties(strains) used for regional test of National Peanut Test Station, and the results showed that 13 varieties(strains) high resistant types, 24 varieties(strains) belonged to resistant types and 18 varieties(strains) were susceptible types.
    Study on Biological Characteristics of Pathogen Protoplasts of Raspberry Mycetozoan Disease in Liaoning Province
    ZANG Chao-qun, LIN Qiu-jun, FU Jun-fan, LIANG Chun-hao
    2018, 57(12):  65-68.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.018
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    Using the phytopathological methods,the biological characteristics of mycetozoan isolated from raspberry(Rubus idaeus L.) was tested. The results showed that the plasmodium of mycetozoan could grow on the eight different mediums,such as PDA,PSA,oatmeal agar medium,raspberry leaf powder medium,czapek's medium,water agar medium,rose bengal medium,corn flour medium. Among these mediums the colony on raspberry leaf powder growed best, with the diameter up to 8.45 cm.Optimum carbon source was lactose and starch,and the optimum nitrogen source was arginine, the optimum pH was 6,the optimum growth temperature was 30 ℃,24 h continuous darkness had the best effect on colony growth.
    Horticulture & Local Products
    Analysis on Flora Characteristics of the Landscape Plants in Shihezi City
    HU Xiao-jing, YE Jian-ming, YANG Mei-hua, LI Rong
    2018, 57(12):  69-72.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.019
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    The developing speed of urban greening in Shihezi city in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region was very fast in the last few years; and many plant species had been used for greening. The characteristics of plant flora, morphological and ecological properties are studied for using these plant species scientifically. Based on the field survey and literature review, the flora analysis on landscape plant resources in Shehezi was conducted. The results indicated that there are 185 species belonging to 119 genera in 61 families in Shihezi, and most of them were herb plants. Among the 61 families, there were 25 cosmopolitan families, 15 tropic to subtropic families, 13 temperate families, 4 disjuncted families, 3 endemic families and 1 singularity family(Balsaminaceae), respectively. Rosaceae with 26 species was the largest and typical family of landscape plants in Shihezi. 119 genera can be divided into 14 areal types and 7 areal subtypes in Shihezi. At the level of genus, there were 12 widespread genera, 25 tropic-areal genera, 80 temperate-areal genera and 2 genera endemic to China. The temperate-areal genera hold a dominant position, accounting for 67.23% in total genera(excluding cosmopolitan), showing the characteristics of the temperate zone.
    Effects of Steam Deenzyming Time on the Quality of White Tea Flower
    WANG Qin, ZHAO Yun-qing, LI Shu-ju, WANG Chun-guang, GONG Cheng-yun, LI Chuan-kai, ZHU Wen
    2018, 57(12):  73-76.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.020
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    White tea flower was processed with different steam fixing time,and the results of sensory evaluation and biochemical composition analysis showed that the steam fixing time had very significant impact on water extracts,tea polyphenols,amino acids,soluble sugars,flavonoids content and DPPH free radical scavenging capacity and total antioxidant capacity,while had no obvious impact to hydroxyl free radicals scavenging capacity and the sensory quality. The white tea flower had the best sensory quality by no steam fixing;and its amino acids,soluble sugar and flavonoids content were also the highest;but water extract and tea polyphenols and the antioxidant capacity were the highest by steam fixation for 90 to 120 s. The shape of white tea flower treated by steam fixation for 90 to 120 s was yellow-green and tight;the soup was green and yellow bright;the aroma was cooked incense;the taste was cooked slightly sweet;the flower bottom was yellow-green. Therefore,90 to 120 s steam fixation was more conducive to the formation of white tea flower’s quality.
    Comparative Study on Quality Characteristics of Different Varieties of Pomegranate Leaf Tea
    LI Tie-zhu, ZHANG Xiao-li, ZHOU Hua-jie, SUN Zi-xuan, YANG Qi-xun, ZHANG Li-hua
    2018, 57(12):  77-80.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.021
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    In order to provide a scientific basis for processing high quality pomegranate(Punica granatum L.) leaf tea,the pomegranate leaves of 9 varieties were processed to green tea using the traditional production process. The sensory quality of the tea samples was evaluated,the content of total phenol,catechin and ellagic acid in the samples were determined by UV spectrophotometry and HPLC. The results showed that the quality of different varieties of pomegranate leaf tea is different,the contents of total polyphenols,catechins and ellagic acid are not identical to each other. Among them,Gangliu has the highest total phenol content at 191.65 mg/g,while Dahongpao has the lowest at 75.53 mg/g;Sichuanqingpi has the highest catechin content at 7.52 mg/g,while Guanshang pomegranate has the lowest at 2.98 mg/g;Tunisia soft seed has the highest ellagic acid content at 4.76 mg/g,while Dahongpao has the lowest at 1.88 mg/g. By comprehensive analysis of sensory evaluation and chemical composition,the results showed that the quality of the Sanbai pomegranate leaf tea is the best,followed by Zaozhuangqingpi, Sichuanqingpi and Tianlvzi.
    Influence of PEG-6000 Simulated Drought Stress on Seed Germination and Seeding Growth of Physali alkekengi
    YU Shuang, HAO Jing-wei, LI Shuai, ZHANG Yu-qing, GAO Jian, CAI Zhong-xi
    2018, 57(12):  81-84.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.022
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    In order to explore the physiological response mechanism of Physalis alkekengi L. to different drought treatments, and provide scientific references for exploration and utilization of drought tolerant varieties, the seedlings of two P. alkekengi varieties, P. alkekengi cv. Lilitian and P. alkekengi cv. Tieba, were used as materials. Under the PEG-6000(mass fraction 0, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 30%) simulated drought stress, seed germination and seeding growth characteristics were measured. The research indicates that, at the concentration of 5% PEG-6000, the germination energy, germination index, bud length of the P. alkekengi cv. Tieba seed pulp were significantly increased compared with the control. When the treatment concentration was higher than 10%, the above indexes as well as root length decreased sharply with the increase of PEG-6000 concentration. When the concentration of PEG-6000 reached to 30%, the indexes of P. alkekengi seed were all at a very low level. The seed vigor index of the two varieties was different as the seed vigor of P. alkekengi cv. Lilitian increased first and then decreased; while the activity of P. alkekengi cv. Tieba seed decreased continuously. Under drought stress, the seed germination capacity of P. alkekengi cv. Lilitian is stronger than that of P. alkekengi cv. Tieba.
    Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine
    Pathogenic Analysis of Cow Mastitis in Hubei Province
    XIANG Min, HU Xiu-zhong, CHENG Lei, YU Jie, ZHOU Yuan, LIU Xiao-hua, LU Shun, GAO Qi-shuang, XIA Yu, TAO Bi-fei, WANG Ding-fa
    2018, 57(12):  85-88.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.023
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    In this study,we investigated the epidemic situation and drug resistance of cow mastitis pathogens. The following aspects were contained:isolation,identification and drug sensitive test of pathogenic bactcria of cow mastitis. The results of identification test showed that the mainly pathogen were Staphylococci and Streptococci(87.1%),followed by all kinds of bacillus(12.9%). The drug sensitivity test showed that most pathogens were resistant to common mastitis drugs.
    Analysis on Amino Acid of Different Yak Meat
    LI Wei-hong, GAO Ya-1in, YANG Xiao-lin, XI Bin, XIONG Lin
    2018, 57(12):  89-90.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.024
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    The amino acid composition and content of Haibei yak meat and Datong yak meat were analyzed and evaluated by using bio+ fully automatic amino acid analyzer. The results showed that 17 kinds of amino acids were determined from Haibei yak meat and Datong yak meat,the total amount was 19.4 g/100 g and 18.6 g/100 g;the EAA/TAA of Haibei yak meat was 44.3% and EAA/NEAA was 79.6%. The EAA/TAA of Datong yak meat was 41.4%,and EAA/NEAA was 70.6%. Visible both of the proportion of amino acids is reasonable, nutrition is more comprehensive,is a high quality protein source. Compared with the two, Datong yak meat is superior.
    Storage & Processing
    The Research on the Application of Compound Spice Essential Oils on Sauced Duck Products During Preservation
    YU Wei, ZHANG Yi-jie, CHENG Wei, WU Wen-jin, DING An-zi, LI Xin, QIAO Yu, LIAO Li, WANG Jun, WANG Lan
    2018, 57(12):  91-94.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.025
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    The research was to investigate the application of spice essential oils in the preservation of bittern duck products.The addition of potassium sorbate and spice essential oils in bittern duck were 0.075 g/kg and 0.1 g/kg,respectively. The sensory properties,physicochemical properties and hygienic quality of the bittern duck were measured during refrigerated storage. The results showed that the change of flavor and texture of bittern duck was not significant,while the total volatile basic nitrogen of the bittern duck with spice essential oils were significantly lower than the control group. The shelf life of bittern duck could be prolonged for 4 days. The results provided potential application of spice essential oils in preservation of bittern duck.
    Study on Properties and Structure of Konjac Fly-blended Film for Coated Fertilizer
    GENG Sheng-rong, CHEN Xin, WANG Xiao-fang, LI Hai-lan, BAI Chan, CHEN Ming-li, YE Li-xiu, LIAO Tao
    2018, 57(12):  95-99.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.026
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    The konjac fly powder/starch blends were prepared by casting the konjac flour/starch and PVA as the main raw materials. The effects of fly ash on the properties of the films were studied from the degradation and the release of nutrient. Results After adding fly powder and pure starch,the blending ratio of 0.6:1 blends was 0.96,st:1 blends were 0.57,the puncture force and tensile force increased,and the proportion of fly powder was higher. The effect of 0.6:1 blends was 70.538 N and 1 253.18 N respectively. The 28 days nitrogen slow release rate of pure starch film was 3.170% and of pure PVA membrane was 4.201% respectively. The nitrogen slow release rate range of different fly powder content membrane were from 17.704%~50.210%. The peak of 3 700~3 000 cm-1 was narrowed at 2 910 cm-1 And the interaction between fly powder and polyvinyl alcohol was enhanced. After scanning electron microscopy,it was observed that the surface of the blend film numbered 0:1 and st:1 was not Significant holes,0.2:1 and 0.4:1,have a small number of pores on the surface of the blend film,while the fly powder 0.6:1 has more pores on the surface of the blend film. And the emergence of mold point,indicating the degradation of the film. Conclusion Flying powder is beneficial to the sustained release of the film,and it also promotes the degradation.
    Agricultural Engineering
    Design on Multi-channel Pneumatic Planer for Camellia oleifera Shelling
    WANG Yan-qing, MA Jun, XIONG Ren
    2018, 57(12):  100-105.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.027
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    In order to reduce seed damage in fresh Camellia oleifera shelling, the planer machining is used and the specific pneumatic pushing hand is innovated. The multi-channel pneumatic planer for Camellia oleifera shelling is constructed based on a matrix of pushing hands mounted on the rotating cylinder. Each rotating pushing hand pushes a fruit forward by certain down force on the blade bar, and the two wings of the spherical shell is cut off by the blades. The kinematic character of the pneumatic pushing hand is analyzed, and the motion trajectory of the fruit on the blade bar is described. By monitoring the cutting force,it is confirmed that the pushing hands give proper action forces for planer operation. Using the self-developed prototype planer and general color sortor,fresh Camellia oleifera fruit shelling and sorting test was carried out and the satisfactory result was obtained, the shelling rate>99%, seed damage rate<2%,shell content in seed<2%.
    Design on Control System for Bran Shell Furnace
    MA Lin-sen, HU Jia
    2018, 57(12):  106-108.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.028
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    Bran shell furnace is mainly used in drying system of rice factory. It provides stable heat source for the drying system. This paper has introduced the overall frame,module and workflow of the control system of bran shell furnace. The upper computer software is designed based on the VS2008 development environment. The lower computer is based on the MD88 module for control and state monitoring,and the thermocouple and temperature sensor are used for real-time detection of the furnace temperature and water temperature. Control methods include manual control and automatic control. Automatic control can achieve unattended. This system is stable and reliable.
    Agricultural Economics
    The Construction of Position Capacity Modular Curriculum System for Agricultural Meteorological Observation Based on the Grass Roots
    FAN Jia-zhi, TAN Shi-qi, XIA De-qi, LI Hong, LUO Yu, LUO Man
    2018, 57(12):  109-113.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.029
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    Through evaluating the current operational status,training needs,the pilot-training of agricultural meteorological elementary knowledge and technology,the symposiums before and after training as well as the training effects of basic agricultural meteorological observation stations,a development model of the position capacity modular training system for agricultural meteorological observation was carried out. The quantitative research found that,the agricultural meteorological observers in the post had a basically reasonable distribution of education background,age,professional titles,with abundant human resources and comprehensive observation operation. However,there were also much problems,such as the deficiency of professional knowledge and technical ability,the little training opportunities and great demand for training. And the ongoing pilot trainings for agricultural meteorological observation would still have progress space in training frequency,curriculum arrangement, training design and the quality of remote training.
    Contribution of Climate Change to Food Yield in Yellow River-Huangshui River Valley
    CHEN Rui-jie, ZHOU Qiang, LIU Feng-gui, ZHANG Yi-li, CHEN Qiong, CHEN You-lu
    2018, 57(12):  114-119.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.030
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    The referenced period was selected and the temperature-affecting coefficient was built to analyze the contribution of climate change to food yield. The results showed that warming occurs mainly in the crop growth season in the 1990s. The contribution rate of the climate warming to food yield increasing in 1990s was 12.6%~17.4%,and 12.3%~20.0% in 2000s.
    Rural Revitalization
    Study on Rural Tourism Gentleman and Its Spatial Response Mechanism:Taking Wangshan Village in Suzhou City as An Example
    GUO Ji
    2018, 57(12):  120-125.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.031
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    It has been a normal phenomenon that local government and capital to the countryside take deeply part in rural construction. And set off a wave of gentrification in the countryside. This paper focuses on the interaction between rural tourism gentrification and spatial reconstruction. It bases on village scale and study from a case of Suzhou Wangshan Village,and it makes an in-depth analysis on the mechanism of spatial reconstruction of Tourism Village. It is found that,according to the tourism construction process and the gentrification mechanism,the rural tourism gentrification can be divided into three stages:The preparation period of government-led,the development period of government-led + capital participation and the mature stage of the cultural orientation+social interaction. At different stages,there are different features in space.
    On the Way to Promote the Development of Agricultural Industrialization by Capital Means
    YAN Tian-xi
    2018, 57(12):  126-128.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.032
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    Starting with the status quo of China's agricultural industrialization,the problems in process of China's agricultural industrialization were pointed out. Based on analysis of the necessity of current capital measures for the development of China's agricultural industrialization,a capital approach to promote the development of agricultural industrialization was proposed,that's by means of setting up special funds,nurturing rural financial organizations,developing agricultural policy financing channels,and building the mechanisms of interest rate arrangement and credit guarantee in the rural capital market,to provide an useful reference for promoting the development of China's agricultural industrialization.
    A Study on Happiness of the Left-behind Elderly under the Background of Rural Labor Transfer——Taking Guizhou as An Example
    LIANG Ping, CAI Xiong-fei, CHENG Xing, WANG Ji
    2018, 57(12):  129-133.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.033
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    By means of questionnaires,interviews and other methods,the happiness of 187 rural left-behind elderly in Guizhou province was investigated and studied,and countermeasures were put forward. The results showed that,happiness of the rural left-behind elderly was generally low under the background of labor transfer,with many influence factors and complex causes.The transfer of family labor force had a greater impact on happiness of the rural left-behind elderly.
    Study on the Development Mode of Red Tourism in Linyi City
    XIE Ai-liang, XIE Dong, LIU Zhong-xiu, LI Xue-zhi, ZENG Zhao-peng, YU Ai-shui
    2018, 57(12):  134-139.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.034
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    Red tourism in Linyi City has made great development as the main distribution area of Yimeng red tourism.Through literature review,there was no theoretical summary specifically related to the development model of red tourism in Linyi city. Based on analyzing the basic situation of red tourism in Linyi city,the development model of red tourism in Linyi city,which was defined as the Driven Model by Subject and Two Wheel,was summarized. Then the model was characterized and analyzed from aspects of carrying forward the spirit of Yimeng,focusing on the human beings,having the promising government,allocating resources through the market,and making an overall development. Finally,some countermeasures about the future development of red tourism in Linyi city were proposed.
    Analysis of Farmers’ Willingness to Transfer Homestead with Different Cultural Backgrounds
    ZHANG Bing, YANG Wei, DUAN Jian-nan, LI Le-rong, ZHOU Wei
    2018, 57(12):  140-144.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.035
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    This paper is analysis the farmers’ willingness to transfer the homestead in different regions, and then empirical measure the characteristics of the main groups, through methods of structured depth interview, induction and interpretation (Qualitative) and Logic regression analysis(Quantitative). The results showed that, ①Farmers homestead transfer in Shanxi Province will be stronger than in Hunan province; ②The characteristics of homestead transfer main groups in Shanxi Province were female, their economic capability and cultural level is relatively low, but spending is higher; in hunan province they have certain economic ability, not content with the farming income; ③Limit of shanxi farmers homestead transfer of the main problems are protection, education, health and environmental issues; limit of hunan peasant economic income is the main issue. Characteristics of the different parts of the rural homestead transfer main body groups are different, should be targeted to increase according to the local main flow crowd demand flow policy.