HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES

Distinctive Nuclease Cas13a： The New CRISPR Platform for Editing RNAs and Its Progress

LIU Gui-sheng, MEKCNAY Supamit, WU Jun-jing, QIAO Mu, PENG Xian-wen, MEI Shu-qi

2018, 57(2): 5-8. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.02.001

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The CRISPR（clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats） platform is an excellent genome editing platform, in which, the novel nuclease Cas13a （CRISPR-associated protein 13a） can edit DNA and RNA. This new platform could fulfill DNA or RNA detection with molar sensitivity and single-base mismatch specificity, and meanwhile be extended to fine detect of viruses（even Close relatives of Zika and Dengue strains） and bacteria, monitor early cancer, with the simple technical manipulation and a wide range of application potentials, which could be another excellent tool of genomic editing. Here the current progress about Cas13a system was overviewed.

Research Advances on the Biological Functions of Melatonin

SUI Yong, SHI Jian-bin, CAI Sha, HE Jian-jun, CHEN Xue-ling, MEI Xin

2018, 57(2): 9-13. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.02.002

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Melatonin is a kind of indole hormone secreted by the pineal gland. Studies showed that melatonin exhibits many biological functions, such as improving sleep efficiency, anti-oxidation, anti-aging, ameliorating neurodegenerative diseases, easing pain, maintaining oral health, and the research advances on the functions were summarized.

Research Advances of the Relationship between Obesity Associated Gene and Fat Metabolism Regulation

XIN You-zhi, GUO Yan, LI Jun, XIAO Rong, ZHOU Guo-li

2018, 57(2): 14-17. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.02.003

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Obesity has become a hot focus on problems,the formation of obesity is closely related to fat metabolism. Studies have shown that fat mass and obesity associated gene（FTO） has played an important role in the process of fat metabolism regulation. This paper reviewed the FTO gene single nucleotide polymorphisms（SNPs）, interactions with associated gene, spatial and temporal expression character and energy regulation,and its regulatory mechanism in multiple signaling pathways, with the aim of expounding the relationship between the FTO gene and fat metabolism regulation, and provides the ideas and matting for the future study.

Comparison of Stress Resistance of Maize Varieties from Different Regional Trials

NI Hong-quan, WANG Ye-hong, YU Hua, YI Li-mei

2018, 57(2): 18-21. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.02.004

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Taking the experimental site in Wufeng Tujia Autonomous county of Hubei as an example,we compared and analyzed the stress resistance of tested maize varieties from the Hubei Provincial Maize Variety Regional Trial for Mountainous Area and the National Maize Variety Regional Trial for southwest Area between 2009 and 2016. Results showed that during these years,the mean performance of multiple diseases resistance of the varieties from Hubei Provincial Maize Regional Trial for Mountainous Area was better or much better than the varieties from National Maize Regional Trial for southwest Area. It indicated that the maize breeders in Hubei understood the local diseases situation better and worked more efficiently. It also suggested that it is possible to develop maize varieties with good diseases resistance for certain specific ecological maize planting area.

Breeding and Cultivation Technologies of Adzuki Bean Variety Tonghong 4

GE Hong, WANG Kai-hua, CHEN Man-feng, MIAO Ya-mei, GU Chen-yan, ZHAO Na, WANG Xue-jun

2018, 57(2): 22-24. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.02.005

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As one of the main legume crops in Jiangsu province, adzuki bean is rich in protein and minerals, low in fat and it is one of the crops which can be used as food as well as medicine. But at present, there are some problems such as low yield, poor quality and mixed varieties in the production of adzuki bean, which seriously affect the planting benefit. It's important to develop high yield and quality adzuki bean variety. Tonghong 4 is a new adzuki bean variety, which was bred through hybridization by Jiangsu Yanjiang Instiute of Agricultural Sciences. It was commercially released in Jiangsu province in 2015. The breeding process, characteristics and cultivation techniques were summarized in order to provide reference for adzuki bean breeders and agricultural extension departments.

The Comparative Experiment on Seven New Varieties of Rapeseed in Dabie Mountains Area

HU Hai-zhen, HUANG Wei, LIU Qing-yun

2018, 57(2): 25-27. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.02.006

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The varieties of rape with high yield, stable yield, high quality and high resistance to cultivated in rapeseed producing areas of Dabie mountains area were screened out by comparing the agronomic traits, cultivation performance and ecological adaptability of new varieties of rapeseed, to provide the theoretical basis for the cultivation and popularization of new varieties of rapeseed in Dabie mountains area. Experiments show that the Huayouza 62, Zhongshuang 9, the best comprehensive performance in Dabie mountains area can be used as the main push varieties to continue large-scale cultivation; per unit yield of the Zhongshuang 12 is low, the Zhongshuang 12, the Dadi 55 and the Dadi 199 have the high sclerotinia disease index, the three varieties have no promotion value in Dabie Mountains area; Zhongyou 589, Yangguang 158 in the fight against sclerotia on the basis of prevention and treatment, can be carefully promoted.

Research on Suitable Sowing Depth of Different Maize Varieties under No-tillage Condition

WEI De-bin, WEI Chuan-you, XIANG Ying, FEI Yong-hong, ZHONG Wei

2018, 57(2): 28-31. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.02.007

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In order to find suitable sowing depths for maize varieties under no-tillage conditions in Debao,Zhengda 619,Dika 008 and Yumeitou105 were used as experimental materials to study the effects of different sowing depths on growth period,emergence rate,lodging resistance rate,plant traits,panicle traits and yield of maize. The results showed that under the condition of loose soil,the influence of different sowing depths on growth period,emergence rate,lodging resistance rate and plant traits was small,and the difference was not significant. Some panicle traits were influenced by different sowing depths,which varied among different varieties. The optimum sowing depths of Zhengda 619,Dika 008 and Yumeitou 105 were 12 cm,5 cm and 12 cm,respectively. And the range of suitable sowing depth was 5~15 cm.

Effect of Planting Density on Buckwheat Seed Setting Rate and Yield

MU Yang-xiu, YANG Li-juan, ZHANG Jiu-pan, MU Lan-hai, DU Yan-ping, CHANG Ke-qin

2018, 57(2): 32-34. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.02.008

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Buckwheat variety Ningqiao 1 was selected as material to study the effects of different planting densities in different years on agronomic traits, seed setting rate and yield of buckwheat. The results showed that in the 2014 growth season with more rainfall, with the increase of density, the plant height, stem diameter and main stem section number increased; the seed number per plant, grain weight per plant, thousand seed weight, and seed setting rate showed a trend of decrease; and the yield increased. In the 2015 and 2016 growth season with less rainfall, with the increase of density, the number of main stem section, seed number per plant, grain weight per plant and thousand seed weight increased at first, then decreased; the seed setting rate declined; and the yield increased at first, then decreased. To get a high yield, the planting density of 60 000 plants/667 m² is suitable for buckwheat planting in the southern mountains area of Ningxia.

The Influence of Correlations between Meteorological Elements and the Yield Fluctuation among Years of Hybrid Indica Rice

HUANG Da-ming, GUO li, DING Hong-da, GU Jian-xun, HU fei, CAO Guo-chang

2018, 57(2): 35-37. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.02.009

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In order to explore the influence of various meteorological factors on the extent of annual production fluctuations of indica rice,based on the yield data of hybrid midseason indica rice regional area trail in Hubei province from 1990 to 2015 and the data of weather station in Wuhan,Jingzhou and Xiangyang city,the correlation between meteorological elements and the yield fluctuation of hybrid midseason indica rice in different years was analyzed. The results indicated that all meteorological elements had different effects on the yield of hybrid midseason rice in different years. From July to August during 1990-2015,and the meteorological elements from high to low level on the influence of yield fluctuation were accumulative total sunshine time,cumulative evaporation,and mean daily ground temperature, while other meteorological elements had relatively small influence. The direct correlation coefficient between the cumulative sunshine hours and the rice’s yield was 0.597 7 from July to August during 1990-2015,which reached extremely significant level; And the indirect correlation coefficient was 0.687 0, which reached extremely significant level. From July to August during 1990-2015,the cumulative sunshine X₇（X₇→X₇→Y=1.087 9） showed directly effect on the output Y had the largest,which lead to the intercropping yield fluctuation range of indica rice was 27.0%.

The Effect of Seed Dressing with Different Forms of Zinc and Copper on Maize Seedling Growth

WANG Long, REN Shi-wei, LI Yue-peng, CHEN Jian-qiu

2018, 57(2): 38-40. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.02.010

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Pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of seed dressing with different forms of zinc and copper on growth and development of maize seedlings root and shoot. Dressing the seeds of test material Zhengdan 958 using chelated or ionic copper and zinc, corn seedlings in the whole basin were harvested and the different sampling index were determinated. The test results showed that seed dressed with zinc and copper could promote seedling growth, and the chelated zinc and copper were better than ionic zinc and copper.

Study on Effects of “3414” Model on Nitrogen Phosphorus and Potassium of Sweet Maize

XIONG Han-feng,XIONG You-sheng,ZHANG Guo-bin,PENG Zhen-dong,HE Shao-hua,XU Xiang-yu,LIU Wei

2018, 57(2): 41-44. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.02.011

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The research aimed to investigate the effects of different N，P，K fertilizer ratio and fertilizer amount on sweet maize yield. “3414” design theory was applied to set sweet maize fertilizer efficiency test in Hannan modern agricultural experiment and demonstration garden of Wuhan city. The yield of N2P3K2 was the highest，reaching 13 477.5 kg/hm2，when that of no fertilizer N0P0K0 treatment was 10 870.5 kg/hm2. The difference of yield was significant. Compared with the different dosage of nitrogen and phosphorus and potassium，it was found that while the other two fertilizes kept unchanged only increased a single use of another fertilizer，the sweet maize yields increased with the fertilizer at first and then decreased when continued to improve the amount of the fertilizer treatments. The results showed that the treatment without potassium had a notable effect on sweet maize yield. Contrasted with the nutrients deficiency no phosphorus treatment had less effect on sweet maize yield and no nitrogen treatment had minimal effect on sweet maize yield. Optimum fertilizing proportion of N，P and K fertilizer and fertilization amount had a direct impact on sweet maize yield. Potassium fertilizer was the key factors. It should be consideration of the reasonable application of fertilizer in fields.

Spatial Distribution of Soil Heavy Metals in and out of Greenhouse

WANG Hai-bao, LI Hai-yun, YANG Mao-jun, YANG Yu-liang, YAN Pei-han, WANG Ju-yuan

2018, 57(2): 45-47. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.02.012

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In order to demonstrate the content of soil heavy metals in Liaocheng suburbs, sealed digestion method under high pressure and flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer were used to study the spatial distribution of heavy metals from different soil layers in and out of greenhouse. The results showed that soil heavy metals content gradually decreased in sequence of Fe,Mn,Cr,Cu,Cd,both in greenhouse and out of greenhouse,and content ranges were respectively 7 333.90~7 729.93,630.66~780.21,214.27~247.38,27.63~44.08,0~0.36 μg/g. At the same soil depth, heavy metal content inside of greenhouse was much higher than outside except cadmium at third soil layer and manganese at fifth soil layer. But the single factor indice of soil heavy metals pollution were all less than 1,and the single factor pollution index descended as P_Cr>P_Cu>P_Cd>P_Fe>P_Mn. The risk of soil heavy metal pollution in Liaocheng suburb was lower than standard, which showed that the soil was safe in crop cultivation.

Research on Establishing Monitoring Samples of Cultivated Land at the County Level in Weibei Dry Highland

ZHANG Zhuan, WEI Xin-dong, WANG Shai-ni, GUO Shu-yan

2018, 57(2): 48-54. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.02.013

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To master dynamic changes of cultivated land quality and enhance the quality,quantity and ecological protection of cultivated land,chosing Huangling county in Shaanxi province as an example,monitoring samples of cultivated land quality were studied. Multi-factor constraints method,grid method and stratified sampling method were used to do comparative analysis seeking for the best way to establish monitoring samples and check the acceptance at the county level. The results showed that monitoring control areas were divided according to natural quality control area,land use equivalent area and land economic equivalent area by using ArcGIS spatial overlay analysis. Multi-factor constraints method was selected as the best way for this research. The Huangling county was divided into 45 monitoring samples. After statistical examination,it shown a good representativeness of monitoring samples,which were able to monitor the dynamic changes of cultivated land comprehensively.

The Characteristics of Hail Weather and Physical Quantity Index in Jinzhou

BAI Xue, JI Yuan, SHI Hong-ting, HU Ming, ZHAO Shuo, YANG Gui-juan

2018, 57(2): 55-60. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.02.014

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Based on the conventional data, the hail processes in Jinzhou during the past 2006-2015 years were analyzed in detail from three aspects, which were the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics, the circulation features and the physical quantity characteristics. The results showed that the interannual variation of hail days in Jinzhou showed a decreasing trend, and the monthly distribution showed bimodal type; The diurnal variation of hail was very obvious, mostly from noon to dusk. Hail duration was short, and local features was strong, and there were obvious regional differences. Large scale circulation background of hail was divided into cold vortex behind trough and ahead of trough. After trough hail more affected by the northeast cold vortex, the high and low air were controlled by the northwest air current, and the cold advection behind the vortex triggers the strong convection weather. The front trough hail was mostly affected by the Mongolia vortex, the increase of temperature and humidity of 850 hPa was obvious, and the ascending motion before the low trough also provided favorable conditions for the occurrence of strong convection, and short wave trough sliding or weak cold air intrusion triggered unstable energy release. The key contents of strong weather analysis of different circulations were analyzed, and the hail fall area was determined. 15 physical indexes were selected to analyze the physical characteristics of hail in terms of power, heat, water vapor and so on, physical value of hail weather in Jinzhou was determined.

Effect of Biological Agent HY01 on Control of Main Diseases and Growth of Cucumber Seedlings

XIN Ya, ZHAO Li, QIU Jie-ren, XIAO Wen-fei, CHAI Wei-guo, RUAN Song-lin

2018, 57(2): 61-63. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.02.015

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The effects of biological agent HY01 on seedling main diseases of cucumber（Cucumis sativus L.） was investigated. The results showed that the incidence of seedling damping-off and rhizoetonia rot was reduced by 94.8% and 92.7%,respectively,which were significantly higher than that of chemical fungicide treatment. Compared to the water control and chemical fungicide,some index including plant height,root length and root number of seedlings cucumber were significantly increased. Laboratory toxicity test showed that HY01 had only weak antibacterial effect and not enough to produce bactericidal effect in the field. it was suggested that biological agent HY01 significantly improved the disease resistance of cucumber seedling by inducing plant resistance,and also had obvious effect of promoting plant growth.

Effects of Extracts from Stauntonia chinensis on the Growth and Development of Musca domestica

HE Li-fang, YIN Yu-xia, ZHENG Ming-hui, LIU Ming-tao, LIU Hui

2018, 57(2): 64-66. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.02.016

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The effects of extracts from Stauntonia chinensis on the growth and development of Musca domestica at different development stages were tested. The results showed that weight of each generation in the experimental group was lighter than that of control group. The total pupa rate of each generation in experimental group lower than the control group. And duration of pupation appeared an increasingly delaying trend in the experimental group than the control group. When raised the fourth generation, abnormal pupa and individual small pupa were appeared in the experimental group. And the total eclosion rate of each generation in the experimental group were lower than that of control group. And abnormal pupa could not emerge eclosion at all and lowest eclosion rate emerged among individual small pupa.

Detection and Identification of Trichothecium roseum from Imported Apple Carried by Passenger

XU Ping-ping, SU Han, WANG Zhen-hua, LIU Zhong-hui, LI Tian-tian, LI Bin, WU Cui-ping

2018, 57(2): 67-72. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.02.017

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The real-time PCR method of Trichothecium roseum was developed for the first time, and the method of T. roseum appeared high amplification efficiency and good specificity. Sensitivity of the method reached to 0.1 pg mycelium DNA amount. The isolate Tr-1685 similar to T. roseum which was obtained from imported apple carried by airport incoming passenger had been detected and identified using real-time PCR along with morphology obersevation and pathogenicity test. The real-time PCR result of the isolate Tr-1685 showed positive. The isolate bacterial strain grew fast on PDA media. The colony was flat and irregular in appearance,covered by light pink mould which produced lots of conidia. Conidiophores of the isolate were erect and different in length,which bore conidia at the tip. Conidia of the isolate was 17.5 μm×8.7 μm on average,which was smooth and clavate. Each conidium was two celled with curved basal cell. The isolate caused brown rot on apple 4 d after inoculation. Pinkish mould and conidia appeared 8 d after inoculation. The isolate Tr-1685 was identified as T. roseum,consistent with the result of the real-time PCR.

Prevention and Control of Empoasca pirisuga with Beauveria bassiana in Tea Plantation

LI Da-wei, WU Wei-quan, GUO Zhi-ming, XIAO Qun-feng, HE Bi

2018, 57(2): 73-74. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.02.018

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The test of using Beauveria bassiana 600 times to prevent Empoasca pirisuga was conducted. The results showed that 14 days later, the control effect was best, which was up to 75.9%.

Assessment on the Investment Risk of Pinus massoniana Plantation

LIU Zheng-xing, QIN De-wen, KONG Ling-bin, QIN Wu-ming

2018, 57(2): 75-79. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.02.019

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The investment risk assessment of 18-year-old Pinus massoniana Lamb. plantation was carried out in order to provide reference for the cultivation and promotion of the tree. The risk assessment of the investment projects was carried out by means of dynamic sequence analysis, sensitivity analysis and static profit and loss analysis. The results showed that the internal rate of yield reached to 41.75% in the 18-year-old P. massoniana plantation. The financial net present value of the investment project was 64 593.86 CNY/hm², the timber income was 123 850.52 CNY/hm², the income of the turpentine was 481 493.42 CNY/hm², and the profit was 316 713.98 CNY/hm². The investment project of P. massoniana plantation is the most sensitive to the price of turpentine. The internal rate of return was the highest in the 14^th year（at 45.26%）, when it reached to the maturity stage and was also the best time for cutting. In conclusion, the investment economic profit of P. massoniana plantation project is large and the risk is small, thus is suitable to be promoted in Guangxi.

A Rapid in vitro Propagation Technique of Bletilla striata Seedling Based on Liquid Culture Medium

XIONG Bin-quan, LIAO Xiang-jian, ZHENG Xue-lian, DENG Ke-jun, YANG Shu, ZHANG Yong

2018, 57(2): 80-82. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.02.020

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A rapid in vitro propagation technique based on liquid culture medium for artificial breeding of Bletilla striata （Thunb.）Reichb.f. seedling was introduced aiming at solving the current problems. The specific techniques for in vitro culture of B. striata seeds with different maturity were compared. As practice confirms, the technique was with simple operation and low cost, which can effectively realize the rapid and efficient production of B. striata tissue culture seedling, thus was suitable for large scale production.

Screening of Cold-resistant Rose Resources under Natural Environment

ZHUANG De-feng, MA Dan, LI Zhen-tao, LI Xiao-li, XU Ning, CHENG Hong-sen, MA Ce

2018, 57(2): 83-86. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.02.021

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It is very important to screen cold-resistant rose（Rosa chinensis Jacq.） resources, which is benefit for enhancing the ornamental effect and improving the greening in the cold area. In this study, the cold-resistant investigation of 105 rose cultivars is carried out under natural overwinter conditions. The result indicates that overall survival rate is 64.74%, cold resistance index in different cultivars spans from 0.25 to 1.00, while survival rate varies from 0 to 100%. 15 cultivars has 100% survival rate while 7 cultivars all die. There is a certain relation between survival rate and cold resistance index（R²=0.686 1）. The variance of cold resistance index has a scattering tendency when survival rate increases. Combining with rose growth vigor, ornamental etc. 20 cold-resistant cultivars are screened out, which can be used for greening and ornamental in Liaoyang city.

Effect of Different Combinations of Water and Fertilizer Conditions on Yield and Quality of Flue Cured Tobacco

CHEN Zhen-guo, LI Jin-ping, FENG Ji, SUN Guang-wei, SUN Jing-guo, YANG Yan-hua

2018, 57(2): 87-91. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.02.022

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Aimed to research the effect of interaction between soil moisture and fertilizer on yield and quality of flue cured tobacco in the growth of field, the experiments of water and fertilizer coupling were conducted in Baokang county in 2016. The results showed that increasing soil moisture content or fertilizer rate could promote the growth and development, yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco. The interaction between soil moisture and fertilizer was significant in the treatment with high rate of soil moisture content and fertilizer, which could lead to higher yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco. Considering different effects of soil moisture and fertilizer on yield, production value, intrinsic chemical composition and smoking quality of the flue-cured tobacco, nitrogen application rate was advised as 5~6 kg/667 m². Furthermore, water irrigation measures could significantly improve the production value and quality of flue-cured tobacco; under the condition of no irrigation, the nitrogen application rate should be reduced to 5 kg/667 m².

Study on the Culture Effect of An Environmental Friendly Loach Feed

LIU Min-jia, FU Yi-ming, SHANG Wei-wei

2018, 57(2): 92-94. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.02.023

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With more and more attention to the protection of water quality from the public, environmental friendly feed has become a hot research topic. The breeding experiments of five feed groups fed with environmental friendly loach feed, old formula loach feed, branded feed A, branded feed B and branded feed C were conducted to test the effect of environmental friendly loach feed. The results showed that the feed utilization rate, recapture rate, feed coefficient, fish/feed weight and weight gain of environmental friendly feed was better than the other four kinds of feed, which was significantly different to old formula loach feed, branded feed A and branded feed B compared; while not significantly different to branded feed C. Compared to the old formula feed group, the weight gain of environmental protection feed group has increased by 18.12%; feed utilization rate has increased by 21.69%; feed coefficient has decreased by 17.46%; fish/feed weight has increased by 21.39%; while recapture rate has increased by 20.79%.

Comparison of Water Quality Changes in the Water Treatment Units of Circulating Water Seedling System

LI Qian, ZHOU Zhi-ming, WANG Yu-chen, GUO Jian-lin, LIN Feng, HU Ting-jian

2018, 57(2): 95-97. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.02.024

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During March to April in the year of 2015, we investigated and monitored the water quality changes of water treatment units in a closed recirculating nursery system for seed Cherax quadricarinatus Von Martens. The results showed that the values of TN, TP, NO₂-N, NO₃-N, NH₃-N and COD_Mn were low in headwater and conform to the aqua-cultural standard. The highest average values of TN, TP, NO₂-N and NO₃-N appeared in nursery pond, the values were 6.2, 0.76, 0.035, 4.2 mg/L respectively. The highest average value of NH₃-N was observed in the bagged filter（0.23 mg/L）. There was no significant difference in COD_Mn in all water treatment units. The values of water quality indicators were increasing with breeding progress proceeding. The water quality was becoming better after water proceeding in various water treatment units and ensured the process of nursery breeding.

Residue Dynamics and Safety Evaluation of Deltamethrin in Lactuca sativa and Soil

SONG Guo-chun, LI Rui-juan, LIU Tong-jin, YANG Wan-hai, YU Jian-lei

2018, 57(2): 98-102. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.02.025

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A field experiment and laboratory testing were conducted to reveal residual degradation dynamics and the final residues of deltamethrin in Lactuca sativa and soil. The results showed that the half-life of deltamethrin in Lactuca sativa and soil were 2.9~3.8 d and 5.9~6.7 d respectively,residue degradation rate in Lactuca sativa at 14 d after application was above 96%,and it was above 79% in soil at 14 d after application. When the Lactuca sativa was sprayed 3 to 4 times with 18.750 ga.i./hm² and 28.125 ga.i./hm² deltamethrin 25 g/L EC,the last application was done 5 d before harvesting, the residue of deltamethrin in the harvested Lactuca sativa was lower than 2 mg/kg（MRL）. It is demonstrating that the preharvest interval of deltamethrin on Lactuca sativa was 5 d.

Consideration on Establishing National Standards for Selenium Rich Products

REN Yun-hui, TAN Shi-xiong

2018, 57(2): 103-105. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.02.026

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The standards of selenium rich products in China, and the necessity and importance of formulating national standards were summarized, and the principles to be followed and the suggestions for formulating standards were established.

Study on the Spatial Quality of Urban Ecological Recreation Based on the Network Text in Shenzhen City

FENG Dai-ci, LI Quan

2018, 57(2): 106-109. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.02.027

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With the advent of the era of leisure, people need more place to relax themselves. Urban ecological recreation space is an important place for ornamental city residents to rest, and affects the quality of people’s living environment and life. The notes written by the travel from the website is collected, combined with remote sensing image and community data, and using the three processes of grounded theory and spatial analysis research the spatial quality of urban ecological recreation in shenzhen city. Study of shenzhen ecological leisure space. The results show that：with the attention of government for the people’s livelihood facilities and the ecological environment, the ecological leisure space in shenzhen is well received in greening, environment, sanitation and landscape, etc. But as there is room to improve, such as the bad attitude of overall service personnel, ecological recreation space distribution imbalance, parts of ecological leisure space features not prominent ecological leisure space, a small number of overcrowding problem such as obsolete, recreation facilities.

Extracting Soil Salinization in Typical Arid Area Based on Fully PolSAR

DUAN Su-su, ILYAS NURMEMET, GUO Li-dan, FAN Hong, HABANBAi

2018, 57(2): 110-114. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.02.028

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Two classification models（namely Krogager-SVM and Pauli-SVM） on bases of Support Vector Machine （SVM） wereproposed and conductedrespectively,through using Krogager and Pauli polarization decomposition methods. A fully polarimetric synthetic aperture radar（SAR） remote sensing data was utilized over the study area（on the delta oasis between the Weigan and Kuche River in Xinjiang, China）,and different degrees of salinizized soil information in the typical oasis of arid area was extacted. Then by adopting the field verification data comparison and corresponding analysis was conducted between the classification results of proposed methodology and traditional SVM classification method. The results show that the Krogager-SVM and Pauli-SVM classification models improved classification accuracy in contrast with the traditional classification method for soil salinization extraction in the arid regions,and the overall accuracy enhanced from 74.17% to 80.598 0% and 82.387 6% respectively（increased by 6.43% and 8.21%,and the kappa coefficients increased by 0.08 and 0.12 respectively）. This indicates that the classification models proposed in this paper have some potential in the soil salinization extraction by using fully PolSAR data.

Idengtification and Lcation of the Selenium Resistant Gene in Arabidopsis thaliana

CHEN Da-qing, ZHONG Yu-hai, LI Ying-sheng, SU Ai-guo, ZHU Yun-fen, LI Ya-nan

2018, 57(2): 115-118. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.02.029

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A selenate-torlerance arabidopsis mutant was obtained by using the root-bending trait under selenate stress. It was conformed that the selenate resistant characteristics could be steady inheritance. Then this mutant was crossed with the wild-type Ler. and F₁ generation were created with heterozygous type completely. The F₂ crossed by theirself were expressed the separation ratio of 3∶1 in response of sensitive selenium to resistent selenium,It were suggested that this mutant was a monogenic recessive mutation. Map-based cloning population were composed of the 132 selenate-tolerance seedlings in F₂ generation. Using SSLP and In/Del based on PCR to preliminary chromosomal location. Through linkage analysis,it's indicated that this mutant gene was located on the chromosome I,which was mapped between molecular marker F12P19 and NGA111.

Identifying Camellia oleifera Germplasm Accessions with Inter Simple Sequence Repeat Markers

JIANG De-zhi, FANG Ying-you, XIAO Xian, CHENG Hua, ZHANG Xue-hua, CHENG Jun-yong, LI Lin-ling

2018, 57(2): 119-125. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.02.030

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109 germplasm materials of Camellia oleifera Abel in the main producing areas were analyzed using inter simple sequence repeat markers（ISSR） and Unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means （UPGMA） cluster analysis method to study the genetic correlation coefficient and genetic relationship, and constructe the phylogenetic relationship. The result showed that, （1） 23 primers with clear and stable bands were screened from 49 ISSR primers, and 487 bands were amplified by the 23 primers, of which 335 bands were polymorphic,and the polymorphic bands ratio was 68.79%.（2） NTSYS2.10e software was used to cluster the amplified results by UPGMA method; and the genetic similarity coefficients of 109 C. oleifera germplasm materials were from 0.61 to 0.93. （3） The germplasm resources of C. oleifera were rich. When the genetic similarity coefficient was 0.735, the 109 C. oleifera germplasm materials could be divided into 11 groups. The group I includes 79 germplasm materials, which can be divided into 7 sub groups at the similarity coefficient of 0.75, and the genetic relationship among these C. oleifera germplasm materials is closer. However, the genetic background of these C. oleifera germplasm materials is complex and rich in genetic diversity. The analysis results can provide theoretical basis for germplasm resources development, genetic resources conservation, late variety certification and identification in C. oleifera major producing areas.

Screening DNA Barcode of Three Pathogenic Fungi within Genus Botryosphaeria in Apple

CHEN Zhan, SHEN Hong, XU Ping-ping, WANG Zhen-hua, WU Cui-ping, LI Bin

2018, 57(2): 126-131. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.02.031

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Species of Botryosphaeria are the important pathogenic fungi on many kinds of fruits. They are very always difficult to distinguish from each other based on morphological characters. In this study, to identificate of three important apple-pathogens Botryosphaeria stevensii, Botryosphaeria dothidea, Botryosphaeria obtuse. 4 gene fragments were selected, which encoded ITS、LSU、SSU、EF-1α,to be the candidate DNA barcodes. By using of PCR amplification, Sanger sequencing and data analysis,we aimed to find the molecular markers in the identification of these species. The results showed that, based on the PCR and sequencing success,it was ranked as follow：ITS>SSU>LSU=EF-1α,and ITS primer worked best（100%）. According to the acquired sequences,ITS and EF-1α were quite conserved among different strains of the same species,and have the significant differences between the species. Meantime,a region of EF-1α （approx. 100 bp） was exclusively existed in the investigated strains of B. dothidea,which therefore could be used for the distinction of this species. However,the sequences of LSU and SSU have the same variation within and between the species. Combining the available ITS sequences in GeneBank,we constructed maximum likelihood tree to identify the phylogenetic relationships of Botryosphaeria. The results showed that three investigated species belonged to three monophyletic clades. These results were congruent with the taxonomic units based on the morphological characters. Accordingly, we recommended the usage of ITS and EF-1α to be the efficient molecular makers in the identification of B. stevensii、B. dothidea、B. obtuse.

The Study on Factors Affecting Farmers’ Participant Satisfaction in Rural Land Share Cooperation Based on Multi Classification Logistic：A Case Study of Chongzhou City

TANG Ao, HE Duo-xing, LIAO Wen-ting

2018, 57(2): 132-136. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.02.032

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Based on Farmers’ perspective,an empirical analysis on the factors affecting farmers’ participation satisfaction in rural land share cooperation of Chongzhou city was conducted from the householder characteristics,the family,production and business operation characteristics,the external environmental factors,the institutional factors,the credibility of the government with a logistic regression model. The results showed that,the rural livable level,rural economic conditions,gap between real and expected incomes after participation in the stock,the policy and legal protection,exemplary effect,the recognition of the stock,the perfection of exit mechanism and the forms of farmers’ participation were the main factors affecting farmers’ participation satisfaction. Accordingly the corresponding policy recommendations were put forward.

Countermeasures of Improving Transformation Efficiency of Agricultural Scientific and Technological Achievements

ZHONG Yi, ZHAO Kang-you, SONG Mei, LI Ying

2018, 57(2): 137-138. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.02.033

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For the proposition of agricultural supply-side reform, as well as the revision and implementation of the Law of Promoting the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements, the agricultural science and technology workers are in urgent need of changing ideas and grasping key points in the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements, innovating management, integrating the resource elements in achievement transformation of agricultural scientific and technological innovation including the government, scientific research institutions, enterprises, professional cooperatives and farmers, in addition, accelerating the transformation and improving the transformation efficiency of agricultural scientific and technological achievements, to serve the overall situation of national economic development.

The Scale Advantages of Bank,Lending Technology and Credit Availability of Rural SMEs：Based on the Survey Data in the County Regional of Shandong Province

ZHANG Yun-hui, DONG JI-gang

2018, 57(2): 139-145. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.02.034

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In this paper, based on the survey data of rural small and micro enterprises in shandong province, the Logistic regression model were used to analysis the main factors affecting small and micro businesses’ credit availability. Results showed that the asset size,the degree of competition between banks had significant positive impact on the availability of rural small and micro enterprises’ Credit loan from big banks. The relationship lending index had significant negative impact on the availability of rural small and micro enterprises’ Credit loan from big banks. The asset size,the profit rate the degree of competition between banks had significant positive impact on the availability of rural small and micro enterprises’ Credit loan from small banks. From the whole, the credit availability of large banks is lower than that of small banks, but relationship lending is playing a limited role in rural small and micro enterprises financing.

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