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Table of Content

    10 May 2018, Volume 57 Issue 9
    Reviews
    Research Progress in the Determination of Active Components in Banana
    LUO Yun, MA Chen, LYU Dai-zhu, WANG Ming-yue
    2018, 57(9):  5-8.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.09.001
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    With the development of society, people's living standards have been improved. People not only pay high attention to food safety,but also food nutrition. The pursuit of nutrient quality has gradually improved. The active ingredients in bananas, such as polysaccharides, polyphenols, dopamine, fatty acids, carotenoids and et al, are more and more concerned. This paper reviews the detection methods of active ingredients in bananas, summarizes the detection methods of different active ingredients,and provides the basis for the development of faster, more efficient and more accurate detection methods.
    Study on Pile-fermentation Processing Technology of Qingzhuan Tea
    MA Meng-jun, GUO Zhi-ming, TANG Shi, CHENG Fan-yang, TU Xiu-liang
    2018, 57(9):  9-12.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.09.002
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    Pile-fermentation was an important process in drak tea processing. It was the main technology that forms the color,aroma and taste characteristics and the key factor in determining the quality of dark tea. The authors summarized the research findings of Qingzhuan Tea,and discussed the relation between pile-fermentation processing technology and the quality of Qingzhuan Tea.
    Breeding & Cultivation
    Effects of Mulching Patterns on Fresh Yield and Starch Content of Winter Potato in Chengdu Plain
    LI Hua-peng, WANG Ping, SHEN Xue-shan, QU Hui-juan, LIANG Xiao
    2018, 57(9):  13-15.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.09.003
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    Effects of mulching patterns on fresh yield and starch content of winter potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Chengdu Plain were researched. Three different potato varieties were used as material and three muuching patterns such as white film,black film mulching,black film mulching with covering soil were set to determine the emergence stage,plant height,tempreture of 15 cm under film,fresh yield,dry mattern content,starch content,etc. The results showed that:the plant height of wight film treatments was significant lower than that of black film treatments. Early in potato growing stage,the tempreture of 15 cm under film of wight film treatments was higher than that of black film treatments. Be compared with black film treatments,the seedling stage of white film treatment of Chuanyu 16 was 4~7 d earlier while the yield of that was increased by 5.54%. For Chuanyucai No. 1 and Heimeiren,the seedling stage of black film treatments was 1~7 d later than that of white film treatment while the yiled of yield were increased by 25.25% and 39.43%,respectively. The starch content of white film treatment of Chuanyucai No. 1 was lower than that of black film treatments,but that of Heimeiren do the reverse. Therefore, the suitable mulching patterens should be used according to the variety types of winter potato in production.
    Performance and High-yielding Cultivation Techniques of Yongyou 4949 Planted as Ratooning Rice with Whole-process Mechanization
    XIONG Qu, LIU Dan, WANG Ji-an, CHENG Jian-ping, LI Yong-jun, WANG Lan
    2018, 57(9):  16-19.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.09.004
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    Yongyou 4949 is breeding of three-line indica japonica hybrid rice(Oryza sativa L.) varieties, from Ningbo Seed Co.,Ltd. and Wuhan Jiahe Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.. The variety is of robust stem, big spike and more grain number,seed setting rate is high, the resistance is strong, high yield,good rice quality, the high polished rice rate, strong generativity, is suitable for ratooning rice cultivation. Introduces peformance and high-yielding cultivation techniques of the varieties planted as ratooning rice with whole-process mechanization in Xiaonan district of Xiaogan city.
    Resource & Environment
    Assessment of Ecological Environment Vulnerability in the River Source Area of Northwest Sichuan
    HAN Ji-chong, GUO Meng-di, YANG Qing-lin, SHAO Huai-yong, YANG Xian-hua
    2018, 57(9):  20-24.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.09.005
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    The purpose of this paper is to understand the spatiotemporal change characteristics of ecological environment vulnerability and the impact of land use on ecological environment vulnerability. Remote sensing(RS),geographic information system(GIS),spatial principal component analysis(SPCA) were used to establish the evaluation index system and evaluation model to evaluate ecological environment vulnerability from 2000 to 2015,and analyze the relationship between ecological environment vulnerability and land use. The results showed that,the vulnerability of the ecological environment in the study area showed a trend of improvement,and the area of moderate and severe fragile continued to decrease in the study time scale. The areas with serious ecological fragility in the study area were mainly distributed in the eastern Ruoergai county and the wester Shiqu county. The building land, unused land and cultivated land had a great influence on the deterioration of environmental vulnerability. It is pointed out that ecological protection policies such as returning cultivated land to forests and returning grazing land to grassland in the northwest Sichuan river source area have been effective,but still need to increase the environmental management.
    Study on Selectively Reducing Phenol Delivery in Mainstream Cigarette Smoke with Bio-Polyamines Modified Graphene Materials
    KUANG Ying, ZHENG Hou-qing, SONG Xu-yan, WEI Min, LI Ran, PAN Xi, CHEN Yi-kun
    2018, 57(9):  25-29.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.09.006
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    To selectively reduce the delivery of phenol in mainstream cigarette smoke,a functionalized sorbing material(SP-GO) was prepared via bio-polyamines modification of graphene. The synthesized SP-GO was characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy,specific surface area analyzer,dynamic light scattering, zeta potential. The effect of SP-GO on the removal of phenol in the mainstream cigarette smoke was investigated,and the selective phenol adsorption mechanism of SP-GO was discussed. The results showed that, SP-GO presented 2-dimensionalflatstrcture composed of 2-4 layers with a specific surface area of 353.9 m2/g. The average particle size of SP-GO was 181.3 nm,the zeta potential of SP-GO was 34.9 mV. The aqueous solution of SP-GO showed good stability in 28 days. SP-GO selectively reduced the phenol in mainstream cigarette smoke by 29.2%%,and the phenol reduction rate to unit of tar in mainstream cigarette smoke reached 32.4%. SP-GO can adsorb phenol specifically via the strong π-π electron conjugated effect between graphene and aromatic rings of phenol,while the amine,hydroxyl and carboxyl groups on the surface of SP-GO can form hydrogen bonds with phenol. Both physical and chemical adsorptions improved the efficiency of selectively phenol reduction in mainstream cigarette smoke with SP-GO.
    Analysis on Temporal and Spatial Variation of Soil Nutrient Condition of Cultivated Land in Huanggang City
    JIN Min, HU Zheng-quan, ZHANG Xiao-ming, LIU Jian-ying
    2018, 57(9):  30-32.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.09.007
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    With the application of conventional statistics and GIS technology,the temporal and spatial variation analysis of soil nutrient status data between 1979-1983 and 2005-2016 was carried out in Huangganga city,Hubei province. The survey results showed that,the proportion of the four grades cultivated land of cultivated land in the whole city from 2005 to 2016 was first-class of 27.19%,second-class of 32.73%,third-class of 25.44%,and fourth-class of 14.63% respectively. Compared with 1979 to 1983,the proportion of the first and third class was basically equal,the proportion of the second class decreased,and the proportion of the four class increased sharply. It showed that the farmland productivity was decreasing in general.
    Application of SWOT Analysis Method in Comprehensive Land Renovation
    LIU Jian, WANG Jin, BI Ru-tian, ZHANG Kai-yuan
    2018, 57(9):  33-36.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.09.008
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    In order to solve the problem of serious damage to water and soil resources,and make the land comprehensive renovation work be carried out smoothly and orderly in the Long River Basin located in Zezhou county,Shanxi province,SWOT analysis method was used to analyze the comprehensive improvement factors of land in this area. The results showed that the strategic type was SO through the quantitative analysis,that is,the area was relying on internal advantages and using external opportunities to promote economic development stage,and the strategic strength coefficient was 0.63. Therefore,the basin could give full play to the advantages of rich resources,while maintain the coordinated development of the economy and the environment so as to promote economic development. At this stage,the comprehensive land rehabilitation work will provide the corresponding resource utilization and protection strategy for the economic development of the river basin.
    Temporal and Spatial Variability Analysis of Soil pH in Baoshan Tobacco-Growing Area
    ZHOU Jie-wen, ZHANG Fa-ming, LI Hai-ping, ZHOU Ji-heng, XIAO Zhi-xing, DUAN Zhi-chao, ZHANG Yi, LI Qiang
    2018, 57(9):  37-41.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.09.009
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    The temporal and spatial variability of the soil pH value in Baoshan tobacco-growing areas of Yunnan province was studied by using the traditional statistical methods and the geostatistics method combined with GIS technology. The results showed that the pH value distribution in the sample of 5.5 to 6.5 of the tobacco planted in the tobacco-growing area in 2011 was 38.3% and decreased to 32.0% in 2016. The pH variation belonged to medium variation. The nugget/sill values of soil pH were 40.9% and 25.3%,and the range was 41.5 km and 47.2 km respectively in 2011 and 2016. The spatial correlation was moderate. The Kriging optimal interpolation method showed that the soil pH decreased with the increase of the year,and gradually moved closer to the central area from the northwest and the southeast,the central area was not affected much.
    Study on Mechanochemical Degradation of 2,4-Dichlorophenol in Soil by Ball Milling
    CHEN Dong, TIAN Kai-yang, XU Cheng-hua, MAO Lin-qiang, ZHANG Wen-yi
    2018, 57(9):  42-44.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.09.010
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    The contaminated soil with high content organochlorine was usually difficult to treat after chemical plant being relocated. To solve this problem,the experiment that the contaminated soil with 2,4-dichlorophenol was treated by mechanochemical ball milling process was carried out. Two kinds of ball milling apparatus,horizontal planetary and horizontal planetary, were employed to carry out in this study. Effects of speed,milling time and ball to soil ratio on the degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol were examined. The results showed that these two kinds of milling apparatus could degrade 2,4-dichlorophenol in soil effectively. When the ball milling speed was 400 r/min,the milling time was 17 h,and the ball to soil ratio was 4∶1,85% of 2,4-dichlorophenol was degraded by horizontal planetary ball milling. With the milling time prolonged over 17 h,the increase degree in degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol was unremarkable. Under the same conditions,75% of 2,4-dichlorophenol by the horizontal planetary ball milling was degraded. The main degradation mechanism of 2,4-dichlorophenol by ball milling can be explained by the decomposition of 2,4-dichlorophenol under high-speed ball milling,2,4-dichlorophenol being oxidized and carbonized in the atmosphere of O2 under ball gravimetric extrusion and centrifugal force. It can be evidenced by the color of contaminated soil becoming darker.
    Comparative Studies on the Characteristics for Pb2+ or Cd2+ Adsorption onto Hydroxyapatite and Bone Charcoal
    SHEN Xu-yang, LYU Ji-kang, XU Hui-ting, CHEN Fei-fei, WANG Yan, WU Jian-qiu, FU Ju-yang, ZHU Wei-qin
    2018, 57(9):  45-49.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.09.011
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    It was investigated about the different characteristics of Pb2+ or Cd2+ adsorption or desorption onto hydroxyapatite (HAP) and bone charcoal(BC) through batch experiment,furtherly,FTIR were used to explore the mechanisms underlying that. The results revealed that the adsorption of Pb2+ and Cd2+ onto HAP and BC fitted well with both Henry and Freundlich isotherm model,BC had much higher efficiency to remove Pb2+ from aqueous solution compared with HAP,besides,the Pb2+ could be more quickly adsorbed onto BC than that onto HAP. But it was opposite for the Cd2+ adsorption with the much higher removal efficiency and adsorption rate being found on HAP.
    Study on PM2.5 Distribution in Shenyang City
    ZOU Xu-dong, LIU Hai-long, WANG Xiao-ying, ZHANG Yun-hai, JIA Qing-yu, WANG Hong-yu, SUN Feng-hua, YANG Hong-bin
    2018, 57(9):  50-57.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.09.012
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    Using monitoring data of PM2.5 in 2013 from 11 monitoring sites in Shenyang city,the distribution characteristics of PM2.5 in years,months,days and hours were studied,and the correlations between PM2.5 concentration and each of air temperature,ground temperature,humidity,wind speed,air pressure and precipitation were analyzed. The results showed that the PM2.5 concentration of Zhangshi,Ermao and Taiyuanjie monitoring stations was relatively high throughout the year,and that of school of Artilley,Huishan monitoring point was relatively low. The monthly average PM2.5 concentration value of each monitoring point was highest in January,the largest average daily concentration occurred in December. In winter,the daily and hourly change of PM2.5 concentration was obvious. Wind speed had negative correlation with PM2.5 concentration,while humidity,ground temperature,air temperature,air pressure, precipitation with PM2.5 concentration had positive correlation. The weather situation of severe pollution in Shenyang city in December 22 was analyzed,the results indicate that it was the weak warm ridge in Liaoning province at 500 hPa geopotential height field. While it was influenced by divergence and downdraft at 850 hPa geopotential height field and the ground wind field,wind speed were small. In vertical wind field,the downdraft was obvious.Significant temperature inversion occurred on the temperature profile from the ground up to the high altitude. When the pollution was most severe,the boundary layer was at a low level.
    Impact of Different Environmental Factors on Growth and Polysaccharides Characteristics of Nostoc commune Vauch From Shenzhen Seashore
    NIE Lei, YANG Xiao-dong, LIAO Bao-lin, HAN Jing
    2018, 57(9):  58-61.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.09.013
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    Impact of different environmental factors on growth and polysaccharides characteristics of Nostoc commune Vauch from Shenzhen seashore were analysed by orthogonal experiment. The results showed that under the appropriate conditions of temperature,illumination intensity,inorganic salt and UV-B treatment,the relative growth rate(RGR),the content and the anti-oxidant capacity of extracellular polysaccharides were significantly stimulated. The culture conditions were that 30 ℃ temperature,0 mmol/L NaCl,100 μmol/(m2·s) illumination intensity and 10 kJ/(m2·d) UV-B treatment,the relative growth rate was the highest. When the conditions were that 35 ℃ temperature,NaCl concentration at 40 mmol/L,illumination intensity at 200 μmol/(m2·s) and UV-B treatment at 20 kJ/(m2·d),the extracellular po1ysaccharides concentration were the highest. The most significant factor for the relative growth rate(RGR) and EPSs were temperature and UV-B treatment,respectively.
    Plant Protection
    Study on the Diversity of Moths in the Kuocangshan Nature Reserve of Zhejiang Province
    JIN Yao-yao, CHEN Chun-tang, ZHU Ling-fei, HUANG Zhi-qiang, WU Pei-ni, QI Xin
    2018, 57(9):  62-66.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.09.014
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    A biodiversity study of moths has been conducted in the Kuocangshan Nature Reserve of Zhejiang Province,with sampling plots set there. The results showed that, Kuocangshan Nature Reserve had 87 species moths belonging to 14 families,with Trisuloides nitida(Butler) as the dominant species. The diversity index of moths was high,but it was not consistent with evenness. The results indicated that the changes of the moth’s community structure were caused by the changes of habitat in different sampling plots,so it was very important to reduce the human disturbance and preserve the ecological environment. The fauna analysis showed that 74 species(85.06% of all collected species) were both distributed in Palaearctic and Oriental Region. With the record of moth and other insects, the results supported the viewpoint of “Sino-Japanese” in Holt’s dated zoogeographic regionalization.
    Identification and Control Suggestion of Euphalerus robinae (Shinzi) in North Campus of Shenyang University
    WANG Jing, WANG Jian-feng, YU Dan, ZHU Hai, XUE Bao
    2018, 57(9):  67-70.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.09.015
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    Euphalerus robinae(Shinzi) is one of the main pest that endanger the Gleditsia sinensis Lam.. At present,a large number of adults,eggs and nymphs have been found in the G. sinensis Lam. in North Campus of Shenyang University,which have caused different damage to trees and affected the life of teachers and students. Therefore, identify the E. robinae (Shinzi),and do the prevention and treatment of G. sinensis Lam. through its occurrence law, is the key to provide a good environmental greening. In this paper,the morphological,life history,causes,hazards and extent of E. robinae(Shinzi) were briefly introduced.
    Horticulture & Local Products
    Analysis of the Physical Characteristics of Tobacco Leaves in the Main Producing Areas of Henan Province
    YANG Jun, LI Xiao-ting, LYU Kai, ZHEN Shi-fang
    2018, 57(9):  71-73.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.09.016
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    The physical characteristics of 380 samples(C3F,B2F 190,respectively) in nine counties of Henan tobacco leaf(four main producing areas of Xuchang city,Luohe city,Shangqiu city and Pingdingshan city) were measured. Statistical analysis was conducted to determine the differences and similarities in the physical properties of tobacco leaves in the main producing areas of Henan. The results showed that the physical characteristics of tobacco leaves in different tobacco areas were different,and the leaf thickness and leaf density of the main producing areas in Henan were higher than those in the main areas. The filling value of Xuchang and Luohe was suitable,Pingdingshan and Shangqiu tobacco filling value is higher,Xuchang,Luohe,Shangqiu tobacco between the three tobacco areas are relatively close.
    Simply Analysis on the Construction of “the Old Fitness” Green Space System for the Urban Community
    WEI Lei
    2018, 57(9):  74-77.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.09.017
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    With the gradual entry into an aging society in China,the urban community which is the main outdoor activity place for the elderly undertakes many activities such as sports,communication and leisure for the elderly. The current problems of urban community garden green space were summarized,combining with the features of elderly outdoor activities in urban community,dominated by the interests and demands of the elderly,the urban community green space system planning of "the old fitness" content and methods were proposed.
    Application of Hawthorn and Olive Composite Extract in Cigarette
    WANG Wen-bin, CHEN Xiao-min, WANG Jing, YAO Xin-yi, LI Jian-zheng, SHI Qi-lin
    2018, 57(9):  78-81.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.09.018
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    Two plants of hawthorn and olives were used as experimental materials,hawthorn extract and olive extract were prepared by solvent soaking,refluxing and concentrating process,and then composite extracts were obtained in a certain proportion.After the extract was dissolved by the addition of propylene glycol,sample was added to the cigarette for flavoring. Smoking results showed that,hawthorn extract and olive extract in a 2∶1 ratio of complex can significantly improve the quality of cigarettes,and the aroma is still sufficient,good aroma quality,aftertaste slightly weakened,mixed gas weakened,harmony enhanced,the stimulus slightly strengthened. GC-MS analysis of volatile composites in composite extracts indicated that the extract of hawthorn and olive can play a complementary role. 70 kinds of volatile components were detected, including mainly 27 kinds of esters,15 kinds of aldehydes,17 kinds of alkenes,3 kinds of organic acids,3 kinds of alcohols and 2 kinds of ketones,which laid the substance foundation for improving cigarette smoking effect.
    The Application of Freezing Technology in the Processing of Black Tea
    NIE Zhan-yi, YAN Xing, LONG Wei-min, ZHOU Ji-rong
    2018, 57(9):  82-85.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.09.019
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    The effects of different freezing treatments on the quality of black tea were compared, and the time parameters of the freezing,rolling and fermentation process were optimized by orthogonal experiment. The results showed that the withering-freezing-rolling-fermentation-drying process of tea sensory evaluation score was higher than the others,and the content of theaflavin was higher than that of other technologies(P<0.05). Orthogonal test results showed that the scores of all sensory factors showed an upward trend,and the effect of freezing time on aroma score and total score reached a significant level with the increase of freezing time,but there was no significant difference in sensory scores between 1 d and 2 d; Effects of rolling time on the shape,color,aroma and taste of the soup and the total score were significant,but no significant difference between 1.5 h and 2.5 h; And the effect of the fermentation time on the score of each sensory factor was not significant. Tea samples frozen for 1 d and 2 d,the content of amino acids and theaflavins were significantly higher than that of non-frozen tea sample; The effects of freezing time,rolling time and fermentation time on the contents of other compositions are not significant. Comprehensive view,combined with the actual production,the process and parameters of the processing of black tea with freezing technology are as follows:fresh leaves→withering(about 60% water)→frozen(about 1 d)→rolling(about 1.5 h)→fermentation (about 1.5 h)→drying.
    Effects of Improved Plant Nutrition on Changes of Lycopene’s Contents in Fruit of Tomato
    PENG Liang, SUN Zhi-ming, HUANG Zhi-qi, YAN Jie-yu, ZHANG Zhe, ZHANG Zhi-yuan, TANG Jian-zhou
    2018, 57(9):  86-87.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.09.020
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    Plant nutrition was improved by adding a moderate amount of trace element zinc,manganese,boron,and cyclase inhibitor nicotine. The field experiment and instrument analytical method were conducted to study the effects of the Improved Plant Nutrition on the lycopene content in tomato fruit. The results showed that, under the condition of the Zn∶Mn∶B∶Plant Nutrition=2.84∶0.25∶0.23∶100, adding 80 mL/L tobacco water extract,the lycopene content had a very big enhancement,increased from 8.57 mg/kg of the contrast to 21.32 mg/kg,which had the very good application prospect.
    Storage & Processing
    Optimization of Ultrasonic-assisted Extraction of Four Components from Lonicera japonica Thunb. by Response Surface Method
    HU Yu-tao, LI Tian-xue, XU Tian-gang
    2018, 57(9):  88-91.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.09.021
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    An ultrasonic-assisted extraction method was established to simultaneously produce the chlorogenic acid,cafferic acid,luteoloside and polysaccharose from Lonicera japonica Thunb. in saline-alkali land. Using the total concentration chlorogenic acid,cafferic acid,luteoloside and polysaccharose of as response value,Box-Behnken response surface design was adopted to investigate the four main factors of extraction time,temperature,solid/liquid ratio and ethanol concentration. The results showed that the optimization conditions for extraction were extraction time 1 h,temperature 75 ℃,and solid/liquid ratio 1∶40(g∶mL) and ethanol concentration 45%. The ultrasonic-assisted extraction of the four components has the advantage of accelerating the extraction process and better products with lower cost.
    Detection & Analysis
    HPLC Determination of Catechins and Free Amino Acids Components in Acid Tea
    XIAO Xiu-dan, HUANG You-yi, ZHONG Jia-cheng, HUANG Yan-zheng
    2018, 57(9):  92-96.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.09.022
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    The catechins and free amino acids of acid tea by anaerobic solid-state fermentation were determined by using HPLC. The results show that the change of relative contents of catechins in acid tea is different from that in other fermented tea products. The contents of EC,EGC,ECG,EGCG,GCG and GA in acid tea were 24.29 g/kg,72.78 g/kg,15.8 g/kg,41.04 g/kg,7.82 g/kg,25.71 g/kg respectively. By anaerobic solid-state fermentation,the content of ester catechins decreased, the content of non esterified catechins increased and the content of GA increased significantly. The result showed the components and contents of free amino acids have changed differently. The contents of 18 kinds of amino acids and 7 essential amino acids increased. The content of 2 flavor amino acids also increased. Based on the analysis of some components of acid tea,the paper want to offer some help for the development of acid tea products.
    Determination of Linolenate in Beefs-Gas Chromatographic Method
    XI Bin, CHEN Xiao-wei, GAO Ya-qin, LI Wei-hong, GUO Tian-fen, DU Tian-qing, YANG Xiao-ling
    2018, 57(9):  97-99.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.09.023
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    Linolenate was extracted with Isooctane from beefs,and methylified with KOH-CH3OH solution. Then content of methyl linolenate,which could be translated to the content of linolenate,was quantified with gas chromatographic. The retention time for methyl linolenate was 26.212 min. This method was appicable in a linear range of 0.01~10.00 mg/mL with the correlation coefficient at 0.999 95. The relative standard deviation(RSD) of intra-day and inter-day were 0.73%~1.08% and 0.75%~1.01%,which were less than 15%. The recovery rate was 83.3%~95.79%. The method gave high sensitivity,wide linearity,and specificity,which is suitable for determination of linolenate in beef.
    Determination of Fe and Zn in Sugarcane Juice with Flame Atomic Absorption Spectromet
    ZHAO Yong, ZHU Jian-rong, DAO Jing-mei, MA Juan, LI Fu-qin, LIU Jia-yong, YING Xiong-mei
    2018, 57(9):  100-103.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.09.024
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    The significant characteristics of sugarcane cross-breeding are lots of materials and workload. The key work that screening,cultivation and improvement of sugarcane varieties which rich in Fe and Zn are the establishment of the methods,which could be an accurate and simple method and suitable for mass inspection. For the technical guidance of sugarcane quality breeding, a method of determining the Fe and Zn in the sugarcane juice with Flame Atomic Absorption Spectromet were developed. Under the optimized conditions, the detection limits of the method for Fe and Zn were 0.08 g/kg and 0.042 g/kg,resjpectively,and the spike recoveries in sugarcane juice were in the range of 98.8%~104.0% with relative standard deviations of 3.93% and 4.41%. This method was easy to get,accurate and higher sensitivity,good recovery and respeatability,and suitable for determining Fe and Zn in the sugarcane juice.
    Information Engineering
    Design and Implementation of Botanical Garden Information Management System
    WU Yu-ting, ZENG Song-wei, XIE Wei
    2018, 57(9):  104-107.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.09.025
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    Based on the analysis of the status quo of botanical garden research in Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University,the botanical garden information management system of Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University was designed and realized through the analysis of the application of botanical garden management. The research analyzed the operation flow,functional design,studied and solved some key technical problems such as the general situation of the park and the comprehensive query in the system design and development,and used Microsoft Visual Studio 2015 as the development tool and SQL Server 2014 for the data storage platform to achieve some application system functions such as park profile,green space conservation,comprehensive query,ancient and famous trees,expert systems and administrator management of the system. The system can effectively solve some problems about the incomplete information,cumbersome query,high labor costs and so on. The system conforms to the development requirements of the intelligent garden management system.
    Application of GIS to Risk Assessment of Frost Damage of Changshan Grapefruit
    GAO Cao, ZHANG Fang-min, SUN Yu, LI Lan-xin, LIU Jiang, LI Wei-peng, HUANG Chong
    2018, 57(9):  108-111.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.09.026
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    To evaluate the risk of freezing damage of Changshan Grapefruit(Citrus paradisi cv.Changshanhuyou),and to provide scientific guidance for Grapefruit production in Changshan county and the prevention of freezing damage. Through the natural disaster risk index and the analytic hierarchy process,the dangerousness of freezing disaster-causing factors,the environmental susceptibility of the disaster,the vulnerability of the disaster-bearing body and the ability of disaster prevention and mitigation of freezing damage were studied. According to the risk division map of Grapefruit in Changshan county,it was found that the distribution of the freezing damage in Changshan county was uneven. The risk of freezing damage increases from southwest to northeast. The southwest region is the lowest risk area of freezing damage,and more suitable for the cultivation of grapefruit. In contrast,the northeastern and southern mountainous hills is a highly risk area of frost damage,so it is less suitable for the cultivation of Grapefruit. Results provide guidance for the Grapefruit cultivation and freezing disaster prevention and reduction for grapefruit.
    Agricultural Economics
    Establishment of the Evaluation Index System for Eco-Civilization Construction in Hanjiang River Basin in Perspectives of Ecological Culture and Multiple Governance
    LI Hong-bo, JIA Chang-an
    2018, 57(9):  112-115.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.09.027
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    Based on the connotation of ecological culture and multiple governance theory,the meaning and requirements of Eco-civilization construction were reviewed,the authority-responsibility relationships in the Eco-civilization construction of government,enterprise,general public and scientific institutions were analyzed. Accordingly,the evaluation index system for regional Eco-civilization construction was established,in order to provide theoretical basis for the evaluation of regional Eco-civilization construction,as well as give a reference for the Eco-civilization construction.
    Analysis on the Coordinated Development and Obstacle Degree of Population- Economy-Environment Coupling in Urumqi City
    PANG Dong, HE Bing-yu
    2018, 57(9):  116-120.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.09.028
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    Based on related literature and the actual situation of Urumqi,the regional coordination index system of population-economy-environment coupling in Urumqi was constructed,and the trend of the population-economy-ecology coupled coordination degree in Urumqi in recent 10 years and the main influence factors were analyzed by using the coupled coordination degree model and obstacle degree model. The results showed that,the coupling of population-economy-environmental system in Urumqi from 2005 to 2015 had a trend of continuous improvement,and the coupling degree was mild disorder and recession,moderate disorder and decline,mild disorder and recession,near coupled coordination,and barely coupled coordination respectively,and the coupled coordination indicated 3 types,from the initial economic lag type to the ecological environment lag type,population lag type. The main factors influencing the coordinated development of Urumqi population-economy-environment system were:excellent rate of environmental air quality,industrial wastewater discharge,centralized treatment rate of urban sewage,proportion of tertiary industry,total retail sales of social consumer goods and total import and export volume.
    Analysis of the Current Situation on Operation and Management of Agricultural Material Stores in Guanzhong Area of Shaanxi Based on SWOT Model
    DANG Yang-xing
    2018, 57(9):  121-124.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.09.029
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    On basis of field investigation on agricultural material stores in Guanzhong area of Shaanxi province,SWOT model was used to analyze and summarize the current situation on operation and management of agricultural materials stores. According to the existing problems,it was put forward the agricultural stores in Shaanxi should be improved from aspects of enhancing the business concept,standardizing store management,improving service quality,innovating management means,and promote a healthy operation and sound development of agricultural material stores.
    Rural Revitalization
    Brief Discussion on the Innovation of New-type Professional Farmers' Cultivation Methods
    LIU Dan, HU Die
    2018, 57(9):  125-127.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.09.030
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    Combining the characteristics and significance of the new professional farmer cultivation,the ideas of “locking objects,system training,policy support,and tracking guidance” was proposed in light of the problems of poor pertinence,low enthusiasm,and insignificant effect in the current education and training of farmers. This will fully promote the transformation of farmers' education and training methods from "training" to "cultivation," highlighting follow-up tracking services and policy support,and making them more targeted,systematic,and effective. The focus is on the exploration of cultivating ideas,and training methods such as tiered training,industrial chain training,and open training are proposed. In the target of training,the key players in the new market,such as planting and breeding farmers,responsible persons of farmers' cooperative organizations,leaders of leading enterprises,family farmers,etc.,are mainly targeted.
    Comparison and Enlightenment of Typical Modes for the Poverty Alleviation and Development of Mineral Resources Between China and Foreign Countries
    HUANG Xiao-lu, LIU Zhong-lan
    2018, 57(9):  128-131.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.09.031
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    Based on the national and international perspectives, and by application of comparative research,the commons and differences of typical modes for the poverty alleviation and development of mineral resources between China and foreign countries were analyzed in depth. The results showed that,the national and international typical modes had some common qualities of poverty alleviation in employment and education,as well as had some differences in the distribution of main responsibilities and benefits mechanism. On this basis,some suggestions to construct the normal mode for the poverty alleviation and development of mineral resources were speculated from improving the laws and regulations,innovating the poverty alleviation policies,constructing the third party mechanism for the supervision and evaluation of resource poverty alleviation effectiveness,and fostering the concept of ecological poverty alleviation,to solve problems of the deep poverty and ecologic-fragility coupling.
    On the Factors Influencing the Willingness of Farmers' Homestead Exit Based on Statistical Analysis——A Survey of Tunliu County in Shanxi Province
    NING Fang, WANG Wen-chang, SUN Xin
    2018, 57(9):  132-136.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.09.032
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    Based on the descriptive statistical analysis and Logistic regression model,by analysis of the survey data from 456 households of Tunliu county in Shanxi province from four aspects:family characteristics,resource endowment,policy cognition and economic factors,the factors influencing the willingness of farmers' homestead exit were obtained. The directions and causes of various influence factor were explained,and on this basis corresponding policy recommendations were put forward,for providing a reference for related departments to formulate policies.
    Study on Constructional Land Transition in Rural Area——Yichang City as an Example
    WU Wen-jun, WANG Dong-yan, YIN Xiao-chen
    2018, 57(9):  137-144.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.09.033
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    Through the analysis of the transfer potential of rural collective construction land in Yichang city, it can not only provide a scientific and reasonable index system for the calculation of the transfer potential, but also provide assistance for the development of the circulation and the formulation of relevant policies, and plays a key role in the development and construction of urban and rural areas in Yichang city. A revised model of rural collective construction land transfer potential to correct the consolidation potential of rural residential areas in Yichang city was constructed, and obtains the scale of rural collective construction land transfer potential in counties and cities in Yichang city and explores the order of its circulation. The results show that, the urban areas have the scale of 85.660 6 km2 for the transition and it is the highest potential in Yichang. In addition, the potential of Wufeng County is the least in Yichang and its scale is 0.132 8 km2. In the aspect of the order,Yuanan County and Zhijiang have the same scale of transition,while Zhijiang is more suitable than Yuanan County. Through the analysis of the finding,the potential of transition among counties and cities in Yichang varies significantly. Combined with the incongruity between the rank and the order of transition potential,it reveals that the socioeconomic development in some counties and cities stands in the way for the realization of transition. To overcome the dilemma,government in Yichang is supposed to coordinate the relations of various fields,expedite economic and social development and to release the potential of rural collective construction land transition,so as to mobilize transition with the development of society and economy and vice versa.