HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES

Research Progress of Pathogenetic Mechanism of Pine Wilt Disease

XU Xiao-wen, WANG Yi-xun, LIU Xing, XU Xiu-huan, CHEN Jing-yuan

2018, 57(20): 5-8. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.001

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This article provided a comprehensive overview of recent advances in the pathogenesis of pine wilt disease by scholars at home and abroad. Several physical and chemical traits have been studied as pathogenicity determinants. First, cell wall-degrading enzymes excreted of pine wood nematode（PWN） are used to help nematode migration by degrading the cell wall of host and thereby broken the water transportation; Second, some excreted proteins by PWN could be involved in nematode-plant interactions; Third, phytotoxins secreted by bacteria that are carried by PWN and toxins produced by PWN are proposed to arouse pine wilt; Fourth, surface coat proteins of PWN play important roles in the pathogenicity of it.

Molecular Mechanisms of DWARF14 Respond to Strigolactone

LIU Hu, JI Chao-guang, LIU Kun, YAN Xiao-han, WANG Li, ZHANG Zi-kang, YAN Han-chi

2018, 57(20): 9-12. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.002

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Strigolactones（SL） is a new plant growth regulators derived from the carotenoid, which regulates the growth and development of plants, including inhibition of root branching, formation of lateral root, elongation lateral root and rhizospheric communication with symbiotic fungi and parasitic weeds. DWARF14 is the receptor of strigolactones that is originate from α/β hydrolase, whose signal transduction mechanism is different from classical growth regulators, and has the dual function of producing and sensing growth regulators active molecule. In this article, the newest research of the structure and molecular recognition mechanisms of D14 were summarized.

Comprehensive Benefit Evaluation of Foxtail Millet Simple and Efficient Production Technology Model——Taking Foxtail Millet in Hebei Province as A Case

LIU Meng, ZHAO Yu, XIA Xue-yan, LIU Fei, CUI Ji-han, LI Shun-guo, WANG Hui-jun

2018, 57(20): 13-18. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.003

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According to research data form the National Foxtialt Millet Industry Information Platform,taking Hebei Province as an example,osculating value evaluation model of different regions（plain and mountain） was used to evaluate comprehensive benefit of foxtail millet（Setaria italica） simple and efficient production technology model. The results showed that planting pattern of “tractor-ploughing+mechanical sowing+combine-harvester”（simplified cultivation technology） on the plain integrated with the lowest score was 0 point,ranked first;while planting pattern of “tractor-ploughing+mechanical sowing+combine-harvester” （simplified cultivation technology） and “tractor-ploughing+mechanical sowing+combine-harvester” （herbicide after seedling） on the mountain scored 0.013 0 and 0.065 7,ranked first and second,respectively. Therefore planting pattern of “tractor-ploughing+mechanical sowing+combine-harvester”（simplified cultivation technology） on the plain was best way,while planting pattern of “tractor-ploughing+mechanical sowing+combine-harvester”（simplified cultivation technology） and “tractor-ploughing+mechanical sowing+combine-harvester”（herbicide after seedling） on the mountain could achieve better benefit. Finally,countermeasures and suggestions of the development of millet simple and efficient production technology were put forward from the varieties of technology,agricultural machinery and national policy aspects.

Breeding of New Transgenic Cotton Variety ZD2040 Direct Sowing after Wheat with Good Quality and Early Maturity

ZHANG Sheng-xi, FENG Chang-hui, HAN Guang-ming, ZHANG Guang-mei, LI Guo-rong, CHEN Quan-qiu, LAN Jia-yang, DONG Jian-hui

2018, 57(20): 19-22. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.004

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ZD2040 was a new transgenic cotton variety direct sowing after wheat with good quality and early maturity, The breeding background, method and process of ZD2040 were described in this paper and also its main performance was introduced in detail. Furthermore, several cultivation key points of ZD2040 were summarized in order to provide reliable data or theoretical foundation for an extensive area production.

Effect of Cu Stress on Endogenous Growth Regulators in Oilseed Rape

YAN Hui, YANG Xiu-xia, LAI Fa-ying

2018, 57(20): 23-26. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.005

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To reveal the effect of Cu stress on physiological characteristics in oilseed rape（Brassica napus L.）,the content and interrelation of endogenous growth regulators under Cu stress were analyzed in this study. The results showed that,with the increase of treatment time and Cu concentration,abscisic acid（ABA） content in oilseed rape leaves showed a trend towards increasing. Meanwhile,the content of auxin（IAA） also increased with 1 day of Cu stress. However,with the increase of Cu stress,the growth promoting regulators,such as IAA,gibberellin（GA） and cytokinin（ZR）,would showed a trend towards decreasing. Further analysis of the interrelation between endogenous hormones showed that,with the increase of Cu stress,the values of IAA/ABA,GA/ABA,ZR/ABA and（IAA+GA+ZR）/ABA increased gradually,which would restraint cell division and leaf elongation. But,with the increase of ABA,the anti-stress response would be started in oilseed rape and the adversity resistance would be enhanced.

Effects of Temperature on the Membrane Permeability of Winter Wheat Leaves and the Evaluation of Frost-Resistance at Seedling Stage

ZHEN Shi-cong, ZHAO Yong-tao, ZHANG Feng, ZHANG Zhong-zhou, YUAN Qian

2018, 57(20): 27-28. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.006

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The paper discussed the frost-resistance of winter wheat（Triticum aestivum L.） in seedling stage and the change of leaf conductivity under artificially simulated low temperature stress in order to provide theoretical basis for the selection of fine wheat. Seven strains were used to investigated in the vernalization chamber under different low temperature treatments （0 ℃,-3 ℃,-6 ℃ and -9 ℃） with 0 ℃ as control. The results showed that the conductivity increased with the increase of low temperature stress. The evaluated results showed that Pumai 087 was the most anti-freezing, which was followed by Zhoumai 18, Tianmai 166 and Zhengmai 6694, and Longke 1601 was the weakest.

Preliminary Study on 1000-Grain Weight of 28 Tetraploid Glutinous Rice Materials in South Propagation

ZHENG Ming, LIU Yu-hua, SONG Zhao-jian, ZHANG Xian-hua, XIE Chun-fu, KUI Zhi-song, CHEN Bo-lin, ZHU Yong-sheng, WANG Qun, CHEN Long, WANG De-long, CAI De-tian

2018, 57(20): 29-30. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.007

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To provide a reference for the breeding of polyploid rice（Oryza sativa L.）, the 1 000-grain weight of 28 tetraploid glutinous rice materials was inverstigated. The results showed that the percentage of samples with 1 000-grain weight of tetraploid glutinous rice ranging from 30 to 40 grams was the largest, and the number of samples between 40 and 45 grams was follow. Those larger than 45 grams were rare, those smaller than 30 grams were not only rare, but also possible to restore diploid glutinous rice, rather than tetraploid glutinous rice.

Effects of Different Harvesting Methods in Main Crop on Growth and Yield of Regenerated Rice

WANG Shang-ming, ZHANG Chong-hua, HU Lei, HU Peng-xi, ZHANG Qing-xia, WANG Yun, ZENG Kai, YANG Lin

2018, 57(20): 31-34. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.008

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In order to explore the effects of different harvesting methods in main crop on growth and yield of regenerated rice,rice variety “Huanghuazhan” was used as experiment material,and main crop was harvested by machine and labor with stubble height 20 cm,40 cm,60 cm respectively in 2017. The results showed that whether machine-harvested or hand-harvested, the growth duration of regenerated rice with same stubble height was same. Ranging from 20 cm to 40 cm of stubble height, the growth period of regenerated rice with low stubble height was more later than that of regenerated rice with high stubble height. Regenerated rice with stubble height of 40 cm had better yield. The yield of regenerated rice with height of 40 cm by hand-harvested in main crop was the highest, up to 4 881.5 kg/hm².

Laboratory Study on Adsorption Capacity of Greenhouse Gas in Biochar Cover

JIANG Chao, ZHAO Zhong-hui, LIU Bing-yue

2018, 57(20): 35-39. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.009

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To solve the environmental problems caused by the unorganized release of landfill gas from old landfills,a biological blanket using biochar as a medium was proposed. In addition to be able to improve the oxidation capacity of CH₄,it could also absorb greenhouse gas which were dominated by CH₄ and CO₂. By conducting a batch of adsorption experiments,it was found that the biochar could increase the adsorption capacity of soil CH₄ and CO₂,and the maximal value of gas adsorption of the modified soil with 20% biological carbon was increased by one order of magnitude; The adsorptions of CH₄ and CO₂ in the biochar modified soil were conformed to the pseudo-second-order equation,indicating that the adsorption process applied union control through surface adsorption and intra-particle diffusion. The equilibrium adsorption data of CH₄ and CO₂ in the modified soil was analyzed with the Langmuir isothermal adsorption model. The result of nonlinear fitting was ideal. The 1 kg modified soil with 20% biological carbon could adsorb 0.012 mol CH₄ and 0.043 mol CO₂ at maximum.

Effects of Nitrogen Phosphorus Combined Application on Agronomic Characters and Yield of Brassica napus of Multiple Cropping after Wheat

WEI Chun-yu, JIA Biao, HE Wen-shou

2018, 57(20): 40-43. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.010

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In order to investigate the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus used for forage rape（Brassica napus） production, the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus application on growth traits and yield of forage rape multiple corpping after wheat were studied. Huayouza 62 was used as the experimental material,and a two-factor three-level randomized block design was used to set three levels of nitrogen application（N1=75 kg/hm²,N2=150 kg/hm²,N3=225 kg/hm²）,3 levels of phosphorus application（P1=60 kg/hm², P2=120 kg/hm², P3=180 kg/hm²）. The results showed that,when the nitrogen application rate was 150~225 kg/hm²,the agronomic traits and yield of the forage rape were significantly improved. The effects of different phosphorus application rates on the agronomic traits and yield of forage rape were not significant. Different combinations of nitrogen and phosphorus had significant effects on biological yield and fertilizer economic benefits of forage rape. N2P1 treatment yield reached 94 016 kg/hm²,and the highest ratio of production to investment （12.68）;N2P2 had the highest yield of forage rape （100 832 kg/hm²）,yield ratio centered,with the highest net income. Therefore,the application of N 150 kg/hm²,P 120 kg/hm² fertilizer in the growth period of the forage rape could make the forage rape obtain high yield,save the fertilizer cost,and increase the economic benefits.

Spatio-temporal Change Analysis of Vegetation Coverage Based on the Liner Spectral Mixture Model in Qinghai Lake Basin

BAO Wen-kai, ZHANG Yan, DAI Li-ben, ZHAO Guang-zheng, JIANG Kang

2018, 57(20): 44-48. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.011

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Based on Landsat images from three phases in 2000,2008 and 2016,the linear spectral mixture model（LSMM） was used to extract the vegetation coverage of the Qinghai Lake Basin in the three phases. The results showed that there was a slight increase in vegetation coverage between 2000 and 2008,while the vegetation coverage indicated a very significant increase during 2008 to 2016,and the increase between 2008 and 2016 was closely related to the Qinghai Lake Basin Comprehensive Restoration Project initiated in 2008.

Analysis of Spatial Variability of Precipitation in Hunan Province Based on Geostatistics

GAO Chang-chun, ZHU Hui-fang, SUN Lian-qun, XIAO Han-li

2018, 57(20): 49-52. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.012

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Based on the average precipitation data of 84 weather stations in Hunan province from 1981 to 2010,using the method of geostatistics and geographic information system（GIS）,the spatial variation of annual precipitation in Hunan province was analysed,and its spatial pattern was studied using ordinary Kriging interpolation method for its local linear optimal unbiased estimation. The results showed that the annual average precipitation in Hunan province conforms to the spherical model and had a strong spatial autocorrelation. The anisotropy analysis of the four directions of 30°,75°,120° and 165° were selected,the goodness of fit R² of the variogram in the four directions was lower,and isotropic at 30° and 75°. While in the direction of 120° and 165° were anisotropic. The spatial distribution of annual average precipitation in Hunan province was obtained by ordinary Kriging interpolation. It was found that there was a small spatial difference in average annual precipitation in Hunan province,with a decreasing trend from east to west as a whole. However,the high value area appeared at Yiyang city in central Hunan province.

Study on the Demarcation of the Red Line for Ecological Protection in Tongshan District of Xuzhou City

SUN Jie

2018, 57(20): 53-59. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.013

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The land use status information and the ecological environment of Tongshan area of Xuzhou city were analyzed. Collecting the current land use data and natural system data of the region,selecting appropriate evaluation indicators and applying ARCGIS software,the ecological environment sensitivity and the importance of the ecosystem service function were extracted and analyzed,and the scientific and rational ecological red line was formulated according to the process of ecological red line. Finally,the conclusion was that the area of ecological protection red line of the study area was 54 504 hm²,accounting for 28.55% of the total area.

Analysis on the Characteristics and Causes of A Typical Rainstorm in Autumn and Winter of 2015 in Hunan Province

ZHOU Li, ZHOU Hui, CAI Rong-hui, LAN Ming-cai, WEN Ping

2018, 57(20): 60-68. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.014

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Based on NCEP/NCAR's 1°×1° global assimilation data, systematic analysis data, ground station data and Doppler radar observation data, the autumn heavy rainfall process in Hunan on 10-13 November 2015 is analyzed. The results show that the heavy rainfall process is the most widespread and longest lasting heavy rainfall process in autumn 2015, mainly occurring in southern Hunan. Ural ridge strengthened eastward trough in the bay of Bengal, high ground north strengthened, and extended to the southwest, the continuous supply of cold air southward to the southern region, due to the low pressure system makes the pressure not north of the bay of Bengal to move rapidly from southwest, and the formation of air forces in Southern Hunan confrontation over the favorable circulation environment for the rainstorm occurrence and maintenance; The left front rainstorm area is located in the low level jet axis, southwest warm air from the bay of Bengal and the cold air from the north to South intersection, the formation provides moisture and dynamic conditions for convergence steady rise of the heavy rainfall,which 850 hPa is the main source of regional water vapor transport the rainfall; The heavy rainfall is mainly in stability,the characteristics of unstable stratification are different from those of typical summer rainstorms are different. The energy front area is stronger, and the front wind is stronger than the south wind. The rainstorm process is post frontal precipitation. The change of the positive helix center has a good indication for the change of the ground cyclone center and the occurrence of heavy rainfall.

Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Early Season Rice Heat Damage in Liuzhou City

TANG Guo-min, LIU Yong-yu, HUANG Wei, WU Xuan-ke, AN Jia-jun, CHENG Qian-qian

2018, 57(20): 69-75. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.015

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The analysis of regularity of heat damage in Liuzhou and its relationship with the fluctuation of rice yield could provide a scientific reference for rational arrangement of rice production and the defense of heat damage. Meteorological data of 8 meteorological stations from 1960 to 2014 were collected to analyze the temporal and spatial distribution of the occurrence frequency of heat damage. Meanwhile, with the statistical yield data of early rice in Liucheng county and Luzhai county from 2003 to 2016, the effects of heat damage on the yield of early rice were analyzed. The results showed that the annual occurrence of heat damage was mainly divided into two periods, namely 1960-1980 and 1981-2009. In the two periods, heat damage showed a first decreasing and then increasing trend. The frequency of light, medium, heavy and total heat damage mainly existed a period of 1~4 year scale which occur in 1980. Heat damage presented much severer in the south of study area than in the north. The total frequency and intensity were not significant. But there was a significant impact on the early rice yield in the south of Liuzhou in 2010.

Effects of Different Artificial Diets on Development and Reproduction of Herpetogramma basalis

CHU Shi-hai, CONG Sheng-bo, HOU You-ming

2018, 57(20): 76-78. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.016

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To solve the seasonal shortage of natural diet of biocontrol insect,the development and reproduction of Herpetogramma basalis on artificial diets were studied under laboratory conditions,compared with the natural diet Alternanthera philoxeroides,the most important host plant of biocontrol insect H. basalis. The results indicated that H. basalis could be successfully reared on all three artificial diets. But most developmental and reproductive index showed significant differences among artificial diets and natural diets. Under the three artificial diets,the larval duration was prolonged,the emergence rate decreased,the adult life shortened,and the female fecundity decreased. Under artificial diets Ⅰand Ⅱ,the survival rate of larvae decreased and the pupal stage prolonged obviously. The pupal weight and hatching rate were significantly decreased under diet Ⅰ. The pupation rate and sex ratio had no significant difference compared with the control. In summary,artificial diet Ⅲ was the best one in this study and it should be optimized in subsequent studies to ensure that more suitable artificial diet could be provided during the natural feed shortage period of the biocontrol insect.

Extraction and Identification of Volatiles Substances in Hindgut and Feces of Agrilus zanthoxylumi

GONG Xue-fang, XIE Shou-an, CHE Xian-rong, LIU Sui-peng, LV Shu-jie

2018, 57(20): 79-84. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.017

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Studying the specific component composition and relative content of the volatile components in the hindgut and feces of Agrilus zanthoxylumi,the volatile components were extracted by n-hexane and which were analyzed by GC-MS. The results showed that the main components of the volatile substances in the hindgut of females and males were aldehydes and organic acids. The relative content of cis-9-hexadecenal in the hindgut volatiles from females and males was the highest. The differences in species and relative content of feces volatile from females and males were great,the main components of the femals feces volatile were hydrocarbons and alcohols,tetracontane（21.16%） and phytol（8.53%） were the highest,while hydrocarbons and organic acids were the main components in males,oleic acid（24.74%） and heneicosane（6.07%） were the highest. The species and relative contents of volatile matter in feces of female and male insects were very different.

Comparison of the Effects of Different Pesticides on White Grub in Peanut Field

CAI Zheng-jun, WANG Ming-hui, LI Jing-run, XIONG Fei, YIN Hui, HU Hai-zhen

2018, 57(20): 85-86. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.018

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Six groups of pesticides were used to control white grub on test. The two pesticides groups of 70% thiamethoxam+Metalaxy- M· fludioxonil,60% Gaucho+40% Vitavax,22.2% thiamethoxam+fludioxonil+metalaxyl-M,whose effects of controlling white grub,plot yield,and stimulation effect were from the best to better,in turn.

The Survey and Analysis of Pest Egg Parasitoids in the Paddy Fields in Hubei Province

CHANG Xiang-qian, LYU Liang, YANG Xiao-lin, YUAN Bin, ZHANG Shu

2018, 57(20): 87-88. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.019

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The egg parasitiods population were systematic surveyed in the paddy fields in Hubei province in recent years. The results showed that Trichogramma japonicum and T. chilonis were the predominant population,the parasitic rate were up to 94.1%~95.0% for the eggs collected in the fields. Telenomus parnarae was the secondary dominant population,the parasitic rate of which was up to 87.5%,while the parasitic rate of other egg parasitoids were very low,which were usually lower than 35%.

Study on Cynodon dactylon for Screening of Lead Compounds of Herbicide from Microorganism

ZHANG Zhi-gang, WANG Kai-mei, WU Zhao-yuan, WAN Zhong-yi, ZHANG Zun-xia

2018, 57(20): 89-92. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.020

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The screening sensitivity and antifungal contamination ability of Poa pratensis and Cynodon dactylon under artificial conditions were compared. C. dactylon had been assayed for their responses to 2 herbicide compounds under different temperature,amount of agar-solution and growth period. The results showed that C. dactylon was more sensitive to herbicide standard compounds and also stronger in antifungal ability than P. pratensis. C. dactylon showed the highest sensitivity at 25 ℃. C. dactylon showed the most sensitive to standard compound after 48 h incubation,reducing the amount of agar-solution could improve the final concentration of the compounds,it was equivalent to increasing the sensitivity of the C. dactylon screening. The screening of 1 880 real extracts showed that C. dactylon was stable,high efficiency,and high sensitivity target of monocotyledon weed for the screening. C. dactylon was one of the top choices of monocotyledon for screening of herbicide lead compounds.

Investigation on the Chemical Constituents and Cytotoxicity from the Leaves of Kava

YANG Jian-xiang

2018, 57(20): 93-96. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.021

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Taking leaves of Kava（Piper methysticum Forst. f.） as materials, six compounds were obtained from the EtOAc extract by a combination of column chromatography of silica gel,Sephadex LH-20 many times. Their structures were determined on the basis of ¹HNMR,¹³C NMR,²DNMR,UV,IR,and ESIMS spectra data and were identified as Desmethoxyyangonin,yangonin,11-methoxyyangonin,11-methoxy-5,6-dihydroyangonin,methysticin,dihydromethysticin. The cytotoxicity of six compoundswas tested by MTT assay,the result showed that yangonin and 11-methoxyyangonin were very strong cytotoxicity against A549 and NCI-H460 cells,while,11-methoxy-5,6-dihydroyangonin,methysticin and dihydromethysticin were very weak cytotoxicity against A549 and NCI-H460 cells.

Application of Mean Vector Test in Tea Identification in Different Regions

ZHOU Qiao-yi, LING Cai-jing, LIU Shu-mei, WANG Qiu-shuang

2018, 57(20): 97-100. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.022

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The contents of Ca,Mg,Fe,Mn,Zn and Cu in the samples from Qingyuan city,Meizhou city and Heyuan city in Hubei province were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The contents of water,dry matter,water extract,tea polyphenols,amino acids and soluble sugar in tea samples were determined by national standard method. The difference of mineral elements and biochemical components in tea leaves was analyzed by multi population mean value vector test. The results showed that the contents of mineral elements or biochemical components in some tea leaves were significantly different.

Hydroponic Culture and Comprehensive Maintenance of Four Succulent Plants Species

ZHANG Sheng-lu, WANG Xiao-fan, WEI Wei-feng, GUAN Xiao-xiao, SHAO Guo-yuan

2018, 57(20): 101-105. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.023

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To explore succulent plants’ hydroponic technology, hydroponic experiment on four species of succulent plant,Echeveria ‘Perle von Nurnberg’,Echeveria chihuahuaensis,Astridia velutina （L.Bolus） Dinter and Faucaria tigrina,was carried out,with setting up different water levels to induce rooting and 3 nutritional solutions with differed concentrations on the basis of Hoagland’s standard nutrient solution. Through measuring the index of plant roots and leaves,the influence of different levels of plant root and the influence of different nutrient solution on plant growth was compared. The results showed that the optimal water level for root growth was when the water level was close to the stem base but without reaching it. The Hoagland’s nutrient solution with 1/2 and 1/4 were more suitable for succulent plants’ cultivation and growth in water. Finally,some suggestions on comprehensive maintenance management of hydroponics were put forward.

Correlation Analysis of Agronomic Characters and Allicin Content for Garlic Resources in Hubei Province

GUO Feng-ling, WU Jin-ping, JIAO Zhen-biao, ZHOU Jie, YIN Yan-xu, QIU Zheng-ming, JIAO Chun-hai

2018, 57(20): 106-109. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.024

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To fully understand the genetic relationship among garlic resources in Hubei province and thier allicin content,the genetic diversity of 38 garlic resources were conducted in the present study,the agronomic characters and the allicin content were analyzed. The results showed that the morphological diversity was high among accessions assessed. The main height of pseudo-stem variation was clover number（46.5%）,followed by garlic-scape weight（43.91%）,thick of bulb plate （40.48%） and bulbs weight（39.28%）. The index of genetic diversity of the agronomic traits of quantitative characteristics was higher than qualitative character,and the largest one was plant height（2.05）. Based on cluster analysis of agronomic traits and principal components analysis,38 garlic resources in Hubei were divided into two groups,and each group had its respective character. Agronomic traits and the allicin content were analyzed by principal component analysis,the main three factors were constituted by vegetative growth,yield components and nutritional quality,the contribution rate was 80.913%. Multiple factors comprehensive by the production of garlic and allicin content was evaluated,nine breeding materials were selected.

Study on Observation of Growth Rhythm of Kiwifruit at Seedling Stage

WEI Lan, WANG Jing, LIU Guo-shun

2018, 57(20): 110-112. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.025

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The phenophase and growth rhythm of two introduced kiwifruit （Actinidia chinensis Planch） varieties and local variety in Xinyang city, Henan province, was investigated. The results showed that the phenophase between two kiwi fruit varieties and local variety of Xinyang was different, which increased the varieties of diversity. These two kiwifruit varieties growing period of about 245 d, growth in the middle of April to the middle of September was larger, more than 85% of the total increment. Kiwifruit growth period can be divided into three periods, namely the growth, fast-growing period, at later growth stage. Using the linear model and Logistic curve fitting, have reached extremely significant level.

Study on Breeding of Good-quality, High-yield and Multi-Tea Processing New Tea Plant Cultivar Sanhua-1951

LUO Fan, WANG Yun, LIAO Chang-li, DU Xiao, GONG Xue-jiao, LIU Dong-na, LI Lan-ying

2018, 57(20): 113-117. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.026

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The new tea [Camellia sinensis（L.） O. Kuntze] variety Sanhua-1951 was derived from the plant in population with middle and little leaves in Sichuan by system selection. Sanhua-1951 is shrub type, which has medium leaf and extra-early sprouting growth habit. Its young shoot is hypertrophic and full cover with pekoe. Compared with the control variety Fudingdabaicha, Sanhua-1951 had better growth potential, and its the weight of 100 buts, the yield of fresh leaf was 64.80% and 29.28% higher respectively. The biochemical components content of Sanhua-1951 including tea polyphenols（20.60%）, caffeine（4.28%）, soluble sugar（3.91%）, water extract （45.37%） and total catechins（13.21%） were all higher than control, and its free amino acid content（2.80%） was lower than the control. The Jasmine-scented tea, which used Sanhua-1951 baked green tea as dhool was characterized by lasting rich and fresh aroma, thick taste tender, and potent flowerlike aroma. The sensory analysis of the Sanhua-1951 for making green tea, black tea, white tea, dark tea were better than the control also. Sanhua-1951 is a high-yield and high-quality new tea plant cultivar with fragrant and sweet as its main characteristics, which young shoot is suitable for making green tea, black tea, white tea and dark tea, it also can be suitable to popularize as dhool for Jasmine-scented tea.

Determination and Comparative Analysis of Fruit Aroma Volatile Constituents from Four Different Sweet Orange Varieties

HE Li-gang, JIANG Ying-chun, WU Li-ming, LANG Peng, WANG Zhi-jing, TONG Zhu, XU Miao, SUN Zhong-hai

2018, 57(20): 118-121. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.027

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In current study, volatile aromas in fruit peels and pulps from four different sweet orange varieties including Jinxiataoye orange were extracted by headspace solid phase microextraction technology and then analyzed by gas chromatograph mass spectrometer, finally quantified with relative content by normalization method. The findings will contribute to the dissection of fruit volatile aroma in Jinxiataoye orange and extension, application of Jinxiataoye orange in future.

Determination of 33 Organophosphorus Pesticide Residues in Aquatic VegetablesBased on QuEChERS-GC-FPD Method

ZHANG Xian, WANG Xiao-fei, HU Xi-zhou, PENG Xi-tian

2018, 57(20): 122-125. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.028

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To establish a method of QuEChERS combined with GC-FPD for detection of the 33 kinds of pesticide residues in aquatic vegetables. To discuss different extractants and effect of matrix on the effect of the analysis influence. The method was used to organophosphorus pesticide residues of detection in aquatic vegetables. The results showed that the average recoveries were in range of 80.1%~106.5%, and relative standard deviatons were 1.0%~6.3%. The limits of quantification were in range of 0.010 0~0.021 3 μg/mL.

Organic Phosphorus Rapid Inspection Product Evaluation

CHE Ming-xiu, HU Ming-yan, SUN De-peng

2018, 57(20): 126-127. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.029

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For organophosphorus pesticides that are widely used in agriculture, this paper establishes an evaluation method for organic phosphorus fast inspection products based on the“Technical Specifications for Evaluation of Food Rapid Detection Methods”, and analyzes the application and problems of fast-track products.

Design on the Aquatic Water Quality Testing Platform Based onPhotovoltaic Power Supply

YAN Yang, LI Kun-jie, ZHOU Ping

2018, 57(20): 128-131. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.030

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Aiming at the problems of water quality monitoring sensor in traditional aquaculture water quality monitoring device,such as short working life and not fixed water quality information collection frequency,a new type of aquatic water quality testing platform based on PV is designed. Through the detection mode innovation design,innovative design of power supply mode,after the completion of water quality testing,driven by screw drive mechanism fixed at the bottom of the water quality sensor from the water,to achieve the non-detection of water quality sensors and detected water in the indirect contact,prolong the service life of water quality sensor,in the monitoring center preset water quality information collection When the detection time is reached,the screw transmission mechanism is lowered,so that the water quality monitoring sensor is deeply detected in the water body and the timing detection is realized. The PV array is used to power the units of the platform to make the platform structure more concise. Through Single-chip microcomputer（STM32F4,MAX813 watchdog chip） to control the Take-off and landing of screw transmission mechanism,ZigBee network data transmission. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme can meet the needs of aquaculture,prolong the life of water sensor by 80% and improve the detection accuracy by 35%,which provides a reliable scheme for the aquaculture field.

Methods to Extract Rural Construction Land in the Northeast ChinaBased on GF-2 Remote Sensing Data

LIANG Shu-wei, WANG Jian-guo, WEN Xin-ran, CHEN Sheng-bo

2018, 57(20): 132-137. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.031

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The rural planning and land consolidation rely on the accurate information of rural construction land. To accurately measure the existing rural construct land area, two villages which in Changchun area and Songyuan area of Jilin province with different phases were selected as typical study areas. GF-2 remote sensing images were used as data source to study on the method of extracting rural construction land by direct extraction and indirect extraction respectively. The experimental results showed that GF-2 high-resolution remote sensing images can be used to identify the construction land inside of village accurately. SVM supervised classification, the best way of the direct extraction methods, is used in accurate extraction. The indirect extraction based on NDVI combined with NDBBI is a good fit for rapid estimation of village construction land area.

Study on the Innovation of Pig Intelligent Breeding Model Based on PLC

CAI Jie, YANG Li-xin, LIU Yan-fang, XU Hong-xing

2018, 57(20): 138-140. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.032

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Pig breeding mode can save manpower cost in breeding link, raise pig breeding efficiency and realize “unmanned” management of pig house, which is an inevitable trend of pig breeding industry. Based on the current situation and demand of Hubei pig breeding mode, this paper puts forward the design of pig intelligent breeding mode based on PLC, and analyzes the software and hardware design of the model in detail.

Practices, Problems and Policies of Climate-smart Agriculture in China

HU Wan-ling, REN Rang, WANG Hong-ling, BAI Zhen-zhong

2018, 57(20): 141-145. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.033

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Climate smart agriculture is a guiding method for the transformation of agricultural systems in the context of climate change. It aims to achieve the three goals of adapting to climate change, increasing agricultural production, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. A lot of practice and research have been carried out in many countries. As a big agricultural country and a leading practicing country in climate smart agriculture, China has carried out a series of practical activities to deal with climate change.In order to promote the rapid development of climate-smart agriculture in China, this paper summarized the current status of practice of climate-smart agricultural in China and the climate response measures implemented in recent years, and pointed out the existing problems, and finally put forward policy suggestions.

Suggestions on the Construction of Xi’an International Metropolis Based on the Led by the Silk Road

ZHAO Lin-long

2018, 57(20): 146-153. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.034

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This paper analyzed the in Xi’an tourism development from the advantages of the Silk Road and the north-south travel corridor,and put forward that the "The Belt and Road" initiative was an opportunity to play a leading role in the core of Xi’an. Took the tourist culture corridor as the axis to enhance the radiating effect of the central city of Xi’an. Improved the tourism and transportation network, and promoted the brand of "humanities, Shaanxi, landscape, Qinling Mountains". The countermeasures and Suggestions to digged out the regional cultural elements and create the new business card of Xi'an impression.

The Influence of Government WeChat on the Construction of Service-oriented Government

LI Shan

2018, 57(20): 154-157. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.035

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The appearance of government WeChat made the government push the information of government affaired to the netizens through the public number of WeChat, provided self-service, better realized the function of serving the people, and promoted the transformation from the government to the service-oriented government. By analyzing the connotation and development of government WeChat and service-oriented government, and the necessity of government WeChat to construct service-oriented government, this paper analyzed the influence of E-WeChat on the construction of service-oriented government. Based on this, some suggestions on how to improve the operation of WeChat were put forward in the hope of improving the operation of WeChat.

Evolution and Empirical Study of Total Factor Productivity of Agriculture in the Yangtze River Economic Zone

CHEN Zhe, LI Zhi-hong, ZHAO Jin-hui, LI Qiu-wen, GU Yong, YIN Xin, HU Ling-yan, DENG Yi

2018, 57(20): 158-163. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.036

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This paper uses the panel data of 2003—2015 provinces of the Yangtze River Economic Zone and the DEA-Malmquist index to analyse the total factor productivity of agriculture, Through the whole Yangtze River Economic Zone, provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Economic Zone, sub-regional in the Yangtze River Economic Zone, the total factor productivity of agriculture in these areas were analyzed and decomposed. The main results showed that：①the total factor productivity of agriculture in the Yangtze River Economic Zone keeps growing, and the contribution rate of each component factor is different;②the provincial differences and regional differences of total factor productivity of agriculture in the Yangtze River Economic Zone are obvious;③in the process of total factor decomposition of agriculture in Yangtze River Economic Zone, there exists hysteresis among the factors. Effch and techch should be improved together; improve the agricultural production environment and develop moderate scale management; the provinces, cities and regions in the Yangtze River Economic Zone should work together to complement each other and exchange advantages.

Accounting Thinking and Methods of Green GDP in Jiangsu Province Based on Time-space Traceability of Environmental Cost

SUN Fu-hua, HU Yu-lu, YAN Shi-feng, FU Rao

2018, 57(20): 164-168. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.037

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Green GDP accounting is the foundation of the balance sheet of natural resources and an important prerequisite for the establishment and improvement of the state-owned resources asset management system. As a large economic province in China, Jiangsu has prominent environmental resources problems, so it is urgent and practical to study its green GDP accounting ideas. On the analysis of the status quo and reviewed on the basis of existing green GDP accounting, the study puts forward the following accounting indicators： “the cumulative environmental pollution”, “the cumulative environmental cost” and “cumulative environmental cost allocation” and so on. Focused on the green GDP accounting content of Jiangsu province, the study also puts forward environmental damage cost allocation way of thinking based on time-space traceability of environmental cost, and builds the thinking of green GDP accounting system in Jiangsu province.

Factors Affecting Overcapacity in China’s Seed Industry and Its Countermeasures

ZHANG Xing-zhong

2018, 57(20): 169-170. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.038

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Seed over capacity is due to the current system of seed industry,especially the hybrid rice and corn seed market,which is relative and structural,blocking the seed industry development in China. Overcapacity results in low economic level,low competitiveness and low creativity,which is reduce the competitiveness of Chinese seed industry in the world open market.It is necessary for Chinese seed industry development to solve concept,industry system,resources,technology and service etc in order to come out of the passive situation.

Development Practice and Recommendation of Fishermen’s Professional Cooperatives

ZHAO Lei, SUN Hui-wu, GENG Rui, LIU Long-teng

2018, 57(20): 171-176. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.20.039

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The fishermen's professional cooperative is the concrete practice form of the cooperative system in the process of fishery industrialization. The development of fishermen’s professional cooperatives is an important way to cultivate new fishery operators and innovate fishery management system. Various regions have actually stipulated and explored the development of fishermen’s professional cooperatives in different areas, but the implementation is quite different. Through the investigation and typical interviews of the coastal and inland provinces, summarize the current development status and practice characteristics of fishermen cooperatives in China, analysis of three kinds of common fishermen cooperatives types and cases, and points out the important and key link to solve of future fishery cooperatives policy supply.

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