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Table of Content

    25 March 2019, Volume 58 Issue 6
    Reviews
    Research progress on selenium accumulation characteristics of higher edible fungi
    XIANG Xu-lian, ZHANG Chi
    2019, 58(6):  5-8.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.001
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    Selenium is an important essential trace element in the human body. It has three biological functions of nutrition, detoxification and toxicity. The geographical distribution of selenium is extremely uneven and food is the most important source of direct selenium. Microorganisms play an important role in the geochemical cycle of selenium. As a good selenium-enriched carrier, higher edible fungi have broad prospects for the development of selenium-enriched products. The selenium detection, the selenium-enrichment effect of selenium-enriched edible fungi, the selenium form, and the mechanism of selenium absorption and metabolism were summarized, and the current difficulties and prospects of selenium-enriched edible fungus were analysed in order to achieve research and production in this area for reference.
    Advances in green control technology of Empoasca pirisuga Matumura in tea region of south Hubei province
    GUO Zhi-ming, CHENG Fan-yang, MA Meng-jun, TU Xiu-liang
    2019, 58(6):  9-12.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.002
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    The morphological feature,harm characteristics and regularity of outbreak of Empoasca pirisuga Matumura were summarized. The agricultural control,physical control,biological control and ecology control in green control technology of Empoasca pirisuga Matumura in tea region of south Hubei province was described. The future research was also discussed.
    Breeding & Cultivation
    Quality analysis of display varieties of rape in Huibei province
    JIANG Bo, HUANG Ji-wu, ZHONG Yan, DENG Yin-xia, CAI Jun-song
    2019, 58(6):  13-15.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.003
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    Quality sampling tests of display and commercial rape(Brassica napus L.) seeds for two consecutive years(2016—2017 and 2017—2018) in Hubei province were taken, combined with field commercial rapeseeds, showed that we need to really do grasp the seed production, unify seed supply and seed source management or other work at the very beginning to ensure the quality of commercial rapeseed.
    Effects of exogenous auxin on physiological and biochemical characteristics of soybean under PEG simulated drought stress
    WU Zheng-lin, ZHANG You-zhi
    2019, 58(6):  16-19.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.004
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    Several physiological and biochemical indexes changes of soybean seedlings treated with exogenous auxin (IAA) under PEG-6000 simulated drought stress were studied. The results showed that drought stress could significantly reduce the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll, while IAA could significantly increase the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll. Drought stress significantly increased MDA content, while IAA significantly decreased MDA content. Drought stress significantly decreased AsA content and increased GSH content; IAA also significantly increased GSH content. Under drought stress, the activities of CAT, SOD, POD and AsA-POD of soybean were increased, and the antioxidant capacity of soybean was enhanced. IAA significantly increased SOD, POD and AsA-POD activity. It is concluded that IAA treatment could enhance the resistance of soybean seedlings to drought stress.
    Analysis of yield and benefit for three crops per year multiple cropping mode of sweet corn
    BAI Yu-bo, PAN Fa-guang, ZHAO Yu-fan, JIANG Feng, LIU Peng-fei, ZHANG Zi-li, LI Xiao-qin, CHEN Qing-chun
    2019, 58(6):  20-23.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.005
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    In order to clarify the benefits of multiple cropping under the different management conditions,the different nitrogen application rates and intercropping patterns three crops per year of sweet corn(Zea mays L.) were studied at the Meitian village Zhongluotan town in Guangzhou,and the economic benefits were calculated at the maturity stage. The results showed that the highest economic benefit of winter potato intercropping sweet corn was 29 217 yuan/hm2 at 5∶5 ratio,and the highest economic benefit of early sweet corn under N2 (225 kg/hm2) was 16 510 yuan/hm2. The highest economic benefit of late sweet corn under N3(300 kg/hm2) treatment was 30 477 yuan/hm2,and the economic benefit of one year was up to 76 204 yuan/hm2. Suitable nitrogen fertilizer application and intercropping mode are beneficial to improve economic efficiency and improve land utilization.
    Resource & Environment
    Effect of combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the enshi 4th sweet potato yield
    XU Yi, CHENG Qun, QU Yong, CHEN Qiao-ling, YE Xing-zhi
    2019, 58(6):  24-25.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.006
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    The influence of different combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers was analyzed on the yield of sweet potato tuber and shoot in fresh. The results showed that combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers was an important way to improve the production. The recommended fertilization combination rate was organic fertilizer 15 000 kg per hectare (rotten cow dung), N214.5 kg per hectare, P90 kg per hectare and K150 kg per hectare. The yield of fresh sweet potato tuber and shoot would reach 60 202.5 and 57 355.5 kg/hm2, respectively.
    Effect of different polysulphte fertilizer on yield and economic benefit of rape
    TIAN Gui-sheng, GAO Jie, MENG Fan-jin, REN Tao, LU Jian-wei
    2019, 58(6):  26-29.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.007
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    Six different polysulphte fertilizer treatments(0,375,750,1 125,1 500,1 875 kg/hm2) were set up to study the effects of different polysulphte fertilizers on the yield and economic benefits of rape(Brassica napus L.). The results showed that compared with the control(NPB), the application of polysulphte fertilizer for two consecutive years(2016—2018) increased the yield by 20.1%~42.3% and 27.0%~58.7%, respectively. The highest yield were achieved at 1 182 and 1 167 kg/hm2, respectively, with maximum yield of 3 234 and 2 438 kg/hm2, respectively. Compared with the control(NPB), the economic benefit of rape was the highest when the dosage of polysulphte fertilizer was 375 kg/hm2 for two consecutive years, which were 852 and 661 yuan/hm2, respectively. The application of polysulphte fertilizer not only helped to increase rape yield, but also had a certain effect on improving the economic benefits of rape. It is suggested that the suitable application rate of polysulphte fertilizer on rape is 375 kg/hm2.
    Effects of different tillage depths and fertilizer rates on soil compaction and grain yield in paddy fields in Jianghan plain
    PENG Cheng-lin, YUAN Jia-fu, ZHAO Shu-jun, SI Guo-han, JIA Ping-an, XU Xiang-yu, XU Da-bing, LI Jin-hua, WU Peng-fei
    2019, 58(6):  30-33.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.008
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    The field experiment was conducted to study the impract of different tillage depths and fertilizer rates on soil compaction and grain yield in paddy fields in Jianghan plain in two consecutive years(2014—2015). The results indicated that the effect of deep plowing prior to planting on paddy soil were significant for the soil as compared with shallow plowing and tillage, but after settling throughout the field, the compactness of topsoil was affected weakly, the compaction degree of middle soil was obviously reduced,the compaction degree of the lower soil was obviously increased, then form the structure of “up-loose-down-tightness”, but which had no significant effect on the yield of rice. The reasonable N application rate for mid-rice was 156.5 kg/hm2 determined by linear+platform model under the condition of 1∶0.5∶0.8 ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus(P2O5) and potassium (K2O).
    Spatial heterogeneity analysis of impact factors about China’s water footprint
    ZHENG Chun-mei
    2019, 58(6):  34-38.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.009
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    Through establishing the STIRPAT model of water footprint changes, the impact of population, GDP per capita, and ten thousand yuan of water footprint changes from 2002 to 2014 was quantitatively analyzed, and the spatial spillover effects of these three types of drivers in 2014 were analyzed by geographically weighted regression. The results showed that from a time point of view, the water footprint and the water footprint intensity showed inversely proportional relationship, that was, the water footprint intensity decreased with increasing water footprint; Population, GDP per capita had the greatest impact on the water footprint changes, which played a positive effect while the ten thousand yuan of water footprint had least impact, but it had an inhibitory effect on the water footprint. From the spatial point of view, each administrative district was affected by the population, GDP per capita and ten thousand yuan of water footprint effects, and the spatial distribution of water footprints showed significant differences.
    Storm and flood disaster risk regional division in dachuan district
    ZHANG Li-ping, CAI Song, ZHANG Hong, YOU Ying, ZHAO Wei
    2019, 58(6):  39-43.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.010
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    The meteorological data in Dachuan district and 25 national weather stations surrounding Dachuan district for 30 years and the socio-economic data of Dachuan district were used. The GIS system was used to analyze the hazards of storm-flood and flood-caused factors in Dachuan district, the susceptibility of pregnancies, the vulnerability of disaster-affected bodies, and the ability to prevent and fight disasters. Statistics and regional division were conducted on the storm-flood disasters in Dachuan district. Storms and floods were counted and zoning in the Dachuan district. The results showed that the risk of storm floods in Dachuan district was mainly affected by various factors such as topography, landslide frequency, population distribution, and economic development level. Highly sensitive risk areas included the south Dachuan district(main city zone), Yongjin-Shiqiao, Daorang-Hurang-Qiaowan-Shiti and Jingshi. And the sub-sensitive areas mainly included the Zhaojia, Baijie, Tingzi, Maliu-Wanjia-Dashu, Dongxing-Huangdu-Nanyue, Shuangmiao, Guanzi, Longhui, Baozi-Zhaogu and Luoche, Wusi-Yintie and other towns, which were the key areas for flood control and disaster reduction in Dachuan district. Moderately sensitive areas mainly included Heshi-Jinya, Fushan, Datan, Guancun-Jiuling-Chenjia-Dushi, Xianglong-Yanhe towns. The sub-low or low-sensitivity areas mainly included low mountain and high hill areas with higher elevations and further away from the river.
    Demand forecast of urban underground space in Urumqi——based on grey system GM(1,1) model
    LIN Xiao-dong, WANG Cheng-wu
    2019, 58(6):  44-49.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.011
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    Based on the data of Urumqi city planning text, socio-population and 2002—2016 construction land data to predicted the demand of underground space. By the per capita demand model and gray system model for the urban area of Urumqi, through the corresponding underground space allocation coefficient. After synthesizing the results obtained by each model, the future underground space demand in Urumqi was obtained. It was found that the development and utilization of underground space in Urumqi was in the stage of rapid growth, and which would continue to develop at a high speed for some time to come.
    Analysis of county land use change based on RS and GIS——taking Linzhi county of Tibet Autonomous Region as an example
    FU Jing-ji
    2019, 58(6):  50-53.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.012
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    Based on the data of land use in Linzhi county of Linzhi district of Tibet Autonomous Region in 2000 and 2010, quantitative analysis was conducted through the ArcGIS 10.0 platform to the land use data, and the Linzhi county in 10 years the land use changes was obtained. The results showed that during 2000 to 2010, a large number of forest land translated into grassland and cultivated land, resulting in forest area dropped sharply, and the area of cropland and grassland increased; Construction land had a trend of expansion; Water area and unused land area decreased continuously. It was suggested to strictly control the conversion of forest translate into grassland and cultivated land, and to ensure that the forest land isn’t reduced again; Construction land growth should have a clear plan, not only economic development but also to avoid the destruction of the ecological environment; At the same time, It was suggested to protect the waters land to avoid further reduction.
    Spatiotemporal variation of NDVI in Wei River basin
    FU Zhi-jun, HUANG Rong, ZHOU Yu-dong, REN Yuan-xin
    2019, 58(6):  54-57.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.013
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    Based on the 2010—2015 MODIS NDVI time series data sets of Wei River basin, the change trend of NDVI in Wei River basin from 2010 to 2015 as well as the spatial and temporal pattern of vegetation coverage in 2010 and 2015 by GRC trend analysis method and vegetation coverage estimation were analyzed. Results showed that the value of NDVI increased slowly in the Wei River basin during 2010—2015 with a growth rate of 2.7%. The vegetation coverage increased gradually from northwest to southeast, and the high coverage areas were still concentrated in Wei River valley and the south of Yan'an. From 2010 to 2015, the area of high-middle coverage and the high coverage increased by 3.2% and 9.3%, respectively; The area of middle and low-middle coverage was reduced by 6.7% and 5.9%, respectively. The minor improvement areas were mainly distributed in the Tianshui area, and the minor degradation areas were mainly distributed in the northern of Qinling Mountains and the southern of Yan'an, and the obvious degradation areas were distributed in the southern foot of Liupan Mountain and Guanzhong region.
    Study on the effect of the landscape pattern on the thermal environment in Chengdu
    LIU Yang, GU Ji-rong, PAN Hong-jun
    2019, 58(6):  58-69.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.014
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    Obtaining the land cover data from the Landsat-8 TIRS-OLI data on Aug 13 in 2014 and the surface temperature based on universality single channel algorithm, the relationship between the urban landscape pattern and the thermal environment were analysed. The results showed that the temperature of the second ring layer was generally lower than that of the first ring layer in Chengdu, and the temperature of each administrative region showed as high temperature discrete distribution, while that of the first ring layer showed as high temperature concentration. With the increase of the distance from the city center, the average temperature of each gradient zone and the temperature of each land cover type (forest land, cultivated land, wetland and artificial surface) all showed a decreasing trend. From the city center (tianfu square) to the edge of the study area, the correlation between the landscape pattern index and temperature of each spatial unit changed constantly. In general, when the space unit was no more than 8 km away from the city center and the space unit area was no more than 5.50 km2, the land cover area ratio and the landscape allocation index of landscape level were highly correlated with the temperature. Therefore, the relationship between the urban landscape pattern and the thermal environment was based on gradient change and scale effect. The higher landscape diversity and evenness caused the higher temperature with the gradient change between landscape pattern and the thermal environment.
    Plant Protection
    The global distribution of apple snail [Pomacea canaliculata (Lamarck,1819)]
    LIU Yi-man, JI Xiao-mei, LI Chang-lin, YANG Shou-kun, WANG Ai-xin, XU Lin, WANG Zhan-chang, ZHONG Lan
    2019, 58(6):  70-72.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.015
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    Apple snail[Pomacea canaliculata(Lamarck,1819)] is originally from the tropical and subtropical areas in South America, such as Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay. In the past four decades, it has been widely introduced into North America and Asia, and which has become one of the major invasive species and insect pests of aquatic crops. In China, apple snail has been settled in many areas in the north of the Yangtze River besides in the south. It is difficult to retard or control the propagation and spread of the apple snail simply by using prevention measures. In order to effectively control the hazards of apple snail, it is necessary to pay more attention to investigate its present northernmost distribution areas in China and to study its patterns of growth, development and spread and its adaptability to the environment. Correct understanding of the pros and cons of apple snail is also necessary.
    Comparison of effects of different pesticide reduction techniques in ratoon rice
    ZOU Chun-hua, LI Xiao-bing, XU Ben-yuan, ZHANG Ji-xin, QIAN Tai-ping, YUAN Wei-dong, ZHANG Qiu-dong, XIE Yuan-li, ZHANG Shu
    2019, 58(6):  73-77.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.016
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    The effects of different pesticide reduction techniques on the control effects and yield of striped rice borer[Chilo suppressalis(Walker)] were studied. The results showed that reasonable combination of biopesticides and low-risk high-efficiency pesticide substitution, natural enemies release, auxiliaries reduction and physical and chemical induction technology could achieve substitute chemical pesticides and control the harm of striped rice borer. The measured yield was higher than that in the same ecological control area.
    Horticulture & Local Products
    Development value and landscape application of Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen
    YANG Su-dan, WANG Nan, LIU Hong-mei, WANG Hong-xin
    2019, 58(6):  78-81.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.017
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    The morphological characteristics and growth habbit of the dalbergiae were summarized, and then the ornamental value and developing value of Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen were analysed. By studying the landscape application forms, the author will explore the problems and solutions in the future application, so as to guide the development of wild germplasm resources of dalbergiae cocobolo.
    Study on planning of agricultural sightseeing park in Danjiang peninsula based on pastoral complex
    WANG Juan, AN Guang-yi, WANG Gui-xia
    2019, 58(6):  82-87.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.018
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    There are rich natural resources, unique ecosystem, profound cultural heritage in Danjiangkou peninsula. On the basis of the detailed analysis of the demand for ecological construction and economic development of the town of Artemisia, the comprehensive planning of the agricultural sightseeing garden in Danjiang peninsula from functional areas, roads, terrain and plants is carried out in order to fundamentally solve the outstanding problems such as no leading industry, poor households' income increase and slow development of tourism industry. Combined with the concept of rural integration, ecology, innovation and sustainability, the solution to the construction of agricultural tourism garden with the pattern of "agricultural and forestry planting + agricultural products processing + leisure tourism" in the urban fringe was discussed, through the development and planning of the garden.
    Effects of drought stress on physiological and biochemical characteristics of three herbaceous plants
    ZHU Feng-rong
    2019, 58(6):  88-91.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.019
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    Using sophia(Descurainia sophia), shepherd′s purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris (Linn.) Medic) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as experimental plant,through the hydroponic experiments, the contents of relative conductivity, free proline, soluble protein, peroxidase(POD), superoxide dismutase(SOD), malondialdehyde(MDA) in sophia, shepherd′s purse, Wheat under drought dress were studied. The results showed as follow: under drought stress, the relative conductivity, malondialdehyde and free proline of sophia, shepherd′s purse and wheat showed a continuous increasing trend. The relative conductivity of the three plants were wheat>shepherd′s purse>sophia. Under drought stress, the indexes of soluble protein, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in the three plants showed a trend of rising first and then decreasing. There was a significant positive correlation between free proline accumulation and relative conductivity in sophia and shepherd′s purse. There was a good linear relationship between the two indicators. The results showed that all the three plants had certain tolerance and resistance to drought stress, and the drought resistance of sophia and shepherd′s purse was stronger than that of wheat.
    The characteristic of species diversity and habitat evaluation in rare yew community in the west of the Qinglin mountain
    PEI Jie, JU Tian-zhen, LIU Wen-zhen, MOU Rui-qiang, ZHANG Guo-qiang, MA Jian-wei
    2019, 58(6):  92-96.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.020
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    The biodiversity and habitat of Taxus chinensis forest, a rare species, were evaluated in Xiaolongshan National Nature Reserve in the western part of Qinling mountains, the results showed that the mean value of richness index was 7.25, and diversity index average value was 0.58, evenness index average value was 0.29, in tree layer of Taxus chinensis communities. The order of diversity index was shrub layer>herbaceous layer>arbor layer. The change of tree species richness index, species diversity index and evenness index, in Taxus chinensis communities, which were all presented obvious single apex with the increasing elevation. However, for species dominance, it was showed that the J type growth trend with altitude. The relationship among species richness index,diversity index,evenness index and species dominance with forest age suggested similar to elevation. The species diversity index, species richness index and evenness index were significantly correlated with soil fertility indices, especially total nitrogen, available nitrogen, and organic matter. The change of species dominance was quite the contrary. The living environment of Taxus chinensis communities is good, and habitat is in clean levels in general, meanwhile, diversity of species quite rich, and living conditions is better.
    Identification of freezing resistance in local jujube germplasm in south Xinjiang
    CHEN Yan, MA Hong-yu, YU Rong-rong, CHEN Xiao-yi, BAO Jian-ping
    2019, 58(6):  97-100.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.021
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    Taking the two-year-old local jujube(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) germplasm in south Xinjiang as test material,the relative conductivity rate, content of soluble sugar and soluble proteins and activities of SOD, POD, CAT of isolated brunches of two-year-old local jujube tree under different low temperature treatments were measured and identified. The result showed that with the decreasing temperature,the relative conductivity rate was rising. Content of soluble proteins and soluble sugar exhibited a slightly uptrend during 5~-10 ℃, subsequently there was a remarkable difference between treatment group and control in the content of soluble proteins and soluble sugar, when the treatment temperature adding to -25 ℃, its content still remained at this high level. After low temperature stress treatment, there was a remarkable difference between treatment group and control in the content of soluble sugar, and then exhibited a slightly uptrend as the treatment time going on. The activity of SOD, POD and CAT enhanced before it decreased under cold stress. During the whole process, the relative conductivity rate in Kuerlexiaozao jujube was lower than that of others during 5~25 ℃, while Content of soluble proteins and soluble sugar and activities of SOD, POD and CAT in Kuerlexiaozao jujube were higher than that of others. According to the comparation of the cold resistance of six local jujube germplasm in south Xinjiang,cold resistance of Kuerlexiaozao jujube was the strongest among the six apple cultivars,and Kashigeerxiaozao jujube was the weakest.
    Effects on the agronomic traits,economic characters and chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco by green manures application
    ZHA Hong-bo, ZHAO Fang, TAO Yong-ping, LI Wen-lu, CHEN Yu-jie, GUI Long-feng, YOU Tang-gui, NI Xia, CHANG Bin, SHEN Shun-gang
    2019, 58(6):  101-103.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.022
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    In order to improve the soil condition of continuous cropping tobacco, and improve the tobacco yield, output value and quality of flue-cured tobacco,it was planted green manure to continuous cropping soil. The results showed that the overall growth of the tobacco plants treated with green manure (T1,flue-cured tobacco—green fertilizer—flue-cured tobacco, spade in green fertilizer boom period;T2,flue-cured tobacco—green fertilizer—flue-cured tobacco, spade in green manure flowering stage) was better than that of the control tobacco plants(CK,flue-cured tobacco-winter fallow-flue-cured tobacc). The plant height of the control tobacco plants and the treated T2 tobacco plants was very significant difference, and there was a significant difference to the width of the waist leaf. The plant height, pitch, and foot leaf length of the control tobacco plants were significantly different to the treated T1 tobacco plants. The field disease survey showed that the control tobacco plants disease index and incidence rate of climate spot disease, tomato spotted disease and TMV were the heaviest, T1 was the lightest. The T1 disease index and incidence rate of anthracnose were the lightest, T2 was the heaviest. PVY disease index and incidence rate of the control tobacco plants is the lightest, T2 is the heaviest. The economic characters, appearance quality and the upper leaves chemical quality of flue-cured tobacco by planting green manure were better than those of the control tobacco plants.
    Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine
    Effect of reduce different illumination time on the growth of chickens in the brooding period
    WANG Wen-jian, LI Fei-xiang, ZHI Wei-wei, BIAN Hong-xing, JIANG Hui-sheng
    2019, 58(6):  104-105.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.023
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    The illumination of the enclosed chicken coop needs to be controlled by artificial light, and the reduction of the illumination time during the brooding and incubation period can well control the growth of the flock. The appropriate and stable light time reduction rule can reduce the stress response of the flock so that the flock can exert greater production performance. In the brooding and incubation period, better weight standard rate and evenness can be obtained, so that the flock can play more excellent production performance.In this study, different step-by-step reduction rule tests were conducted on the illumination time of the enclosed chicken house in their brooding period. The results showed that: in the early brooding period, the illumination reduction rule that turn off the light in a fixed time and decrease the turn-on time day by day has a better effect.
    Investigation report on qian painting black-bone chicken variety resources
    ZHOU Guang-yuan, WU Lei, ZHANG Yi-yu, QIN Yuan-yu, JIANG Hui-mei, ZHOU Hua, YANG Yuan-qing, ZHANG Yi-ling
    2019, 58(6):  106-109.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.024
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    Qian painting black-bone chicken is a fine local chicken born under the specific natural environment of the Guizhou plateau through the unique breeding habits and management methods of the Miao people.Qian painting black-bone silky has the advantages of large size,meat production,tender meat,delicious taste and high slaughter rate. It is famous for its characteristics such as delicious meat quality,resistance to roughage,cold resistance, disease resistance and strong adaptability.The production area is located in Guizhou. The province is located in the north-western part of the province, in the eastern part of Bijie city, on the north bank of the Yachi river in the middle reaches of Wujiang river. The average weight of adult male rooster is 2.6 kg, single upright crown, 6-8 crowns,black and black crowns, gills and ear lobes,large drooping meatus, short and slightly curved black, neck feathers. The back feathers and saddle feathers are golden red, golden yellow and have black spots. Adult hens weigh 1.9 kg, single erected crowns, crowns 6-8, small, dark, black, short and slightly curved, black. Through the further investigation of the pheasant and pheasant breeds in the Longxi region of Guizhou province. The basic appearance,distribution,growth and development,production performance,feeding and management, and disease prevention and control of the pheasants and pheasants were basically understood and understood, so as to effectively protect and rationally exploit and use the quail paintings. Wuji,consolidating and improving its original excellent traits and characteristics, provide the basis for realizing scale production.
    Storage & Processing
    Study on extracting technology of polysaccharides from Lentinula edodes
    HAO Jun-yao
    2019, 58(6):  110-113.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.025
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    This paper uses the hot water method extracting polysaccharides from Lentinula edodes. According to raw material processing,drying,crushing,sample ratio,hot water extraction, filtering, centrifugal, purification, concentration, alcohol extraction, constant volume, dilution, phenol sulfuric acid method, measuring absorbance measurements and then using glucose as standard calculation of Lentinus edodes polysaccharide yield technology process. In the control of single factors, discusses the extraction time, temperature, solid-liquid ratio and extraction times on the extraction rate of polysaccharide of Lentinus edodes, measured mushroom polysaccharide extraction optimum extraction time is 3 h, the best extraction temperature is 85 ℃, the optimal leaching liquid material ratio is 1∶30, the optimal number of extraction is 3 times. Then through the orthogonal tests in multiple factors of Lentinus edodes polysaccharide extraction optimum combination for: extraction temperature of 85 ℃, solid-liquid ratio 1∶30, extraction time 2 h, extraction times 1. The extraction rate was 5.61%. The method is easy to operate, accuracy, high sensitivity, it is a pollution-free and spend less on extraction technology of lentinan.
    Optimization of enzyme assisted extraction of celangulin from Celastrus angulatus
    LI, Meng
    2019, 58(6):  114-116.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.026
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    Celangulin from the root skin of Celastrus angulatus were isolated using an enzye-assisted procedure. By analyzed the effects of alkaline protease, cellulase, pepsin and neutral protease on the extraction of celangulin, Pepsase was selected to optimize the extraction conditions. The results showed that the optimal conditions for celangulin extraction was found to be extraction with enzymatic hydrolysis with 66 000 U/g pepsase at 37 ℃ and pH 2 for 5 h. Under these conditions, the maximum yield of celangulin was obtained.
    Extraction of soluble dietary fiber from garlic straw via ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis and evaluation of antioxidant activity
    ZHAO Yun-shu, CHENG Jing, LU Zi-bo, LI Xuan, CHEN Wen-wen, HUANG Liu-rong
    2019, 58(6):  117-120.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.027
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    In order to enhance the physiological function of garlic straw dietary fiber,the different extraction methods on the soluble dietary fiber (Soluble dietary fiber,SDF) content were studied. Taking SDF content as the response value,the modification effects of ultrasound,enzymatic hydrolysis and ultrasonic complex enzymatic hydrolysis were compared and analyzed,and the effects of solid-liquid ratio,ultrasound time,ultrasound power,enzyme amount and enzymatic hydrolysis time on the yield of SDF were studied. The antioxidant capacity of SDF in vitro was evaluated by the clearance rate of hydroxyl(·OH) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-amylhydrazine free radicals (DPPH·). The results suggested that when garlic straw was pretreated by ultrasonic assisted enzymatic hydrolysis method,the SDF yield was the highest. The optimal extraction conditions consisted of solid/liquid ratio of 1∶30, ultrasonic power of 300 W,ultrasonic time of 15 min,E/S ration of 5% and enzymatic hydrolysis of 4 h. The IC50 of SDF on OH· and DPPH· were obtained to be 1.41 and 0.64 mg/mL, respectively. Moreover,the relationship between free radical scavenging rate and SDF concentration was linear, suggesting that SDF was a good antioxidant.
    Preparation technology of degradable seedling pots made from Citrus Dregs/PLA
    XIAO Yuan, FU Fu-hua, LIANG Zeng En-ni, PAN Lang, SU Jin, YANG Ying
    2019, 58(6):  121-127.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.028
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    Citrus dregs/polylactic acid biodegradable seedling pots were prepared by hot press molding technology with Citrus dregs as reinforced materials and polylactic acid as adhesive. The preparation parameters of citrus dregs/polylactic acid biodegradable seedling pots were optimized by response surface method on the basis of single-factor investigation. The effects of particle size of Citrus dregs, molding temperature, pressure and forming time on the compressive strength of seedling pots were investigated. Under the conditions of particle size of Citrus dregs for 20 mesh number, molding temperature is 118 ℃ of a lower die and 133 ℃ of an upper die, molding pressure of 2 MPa, forming time 47 s, the compressive strength of seedling pots reached the optimal value of 5.539 MPa. The seedling pot made of PLA and Citrus dregs, which can avoid the phenomenon of the environmental pollution caused by the waste Citrus dregs and provide theoretical basis for the resource utilization of agricultural wastes.
    Agricultural Engineering
    Design and implementation of agrometeorological big data platform based on distributed technology
    ZHU Liang, ZHONG Yan-wen, HE Wei, LUO Lin-yan, OUYANG Ji-yue
    2019, 58(6):  128-130.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.029
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    This paper introduces the construction of Hunan Agrometeorological Big Data Platform using distributed storage and computing architecture, including data collection system, multi-source data management system, multi-source data application system and data management specification. The platform realizes the collection, storage and application of agricultural meteorological data, and facilitates the comprehensive use of big data, cloud computing, intelligent technology and other technologies to realize the deep integration of meteorological data and interdisciplinary and cross-industry related data for the “three rural” services. Data support for meteorological disaster prevention and mitigation.
    Design and implementation of remote control self-propelled boom sprayer
    WU Zhao-xin, GAN Wei, LI Shuang
    2019, 58(6):  131-135.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.030
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    At present, rice diseases, insect pests and weeds are still mainly controlled by manpower spray machine in China. However, the shortage of rural labor force is becoming more and more serious. In order to solve this problem, a remote control self propelled boom sprayer was designed. The theoretical analysis and structure design of the steering system of the machine and the spray lance stand unit were carried out, and the steering model and three-dimensional model of the whole machine were established. Articulated steering is adopted in this machine and the four wheels are independently driven by each motor. Driven by steering control algorithm, the machine can steer flexibly with no rotary digging and high efficiency and cause little damage to crops. The steering performance, running performance and climbing ridge performance of the machine were analyzed theoretically. A prototype was manufactured and the feasibility and rationality of the design were verified by field experiments.
    Biological Engineering
    Studies on tissue culture and plant regeneration technology of Cerasus humilis
    LIANG Wei-ling, CHEN Cui-guo, MENG Fan-yi, ZHAO Min, SUN Hua-ran, LIU Yan-fen
    2019, 58(6):  136-139.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.031
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    In order to establish the technical system of in vitro and rapid propagation of Cerasus humilis,the culture conditions of the first generation culture, the proliferation culture and the rooting culture were studied. The semi-lignified stem segments were used as explants. The results showed that the optimum medium of the first generation medium was MS+0.5 mg/L 6-BA+0.1 mg/L IBA,the optimum proliferation medium was MS+0.5 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L KT+0.05 mg/L IBA+300 mg/L LH, and the optimum proliferation medium was 1/2 MS+0.2 mg/L IBA+0.5 mg/L IAA.
    Rural Revitalization
    Study on countermeasures for extending and expanding the agricultural industry chain in China
    FENG Yun, QI Jian-ling, PU Yan-xiang
    2019, 58(6):  140-143.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.032
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    The construction and integration of the agricultural industry chain will help improve the competitiveness of the agricultural industry and enhance the value chain of agricultural products. Based on the development status of China's agricultural and agricultural industrial chain, the in-depth exploration and analysis of China's agricultural industrial chain found that China's agricultural industrial chain has problems such as industrial chain breaks, weak organizational structure, unsatisfactory interest coordination mechanism, and low socialization level. To this end, countermeasures and suggestions such as to find a new fulcrum of agricultural industrial chain, expand agricultural industrial chain; cultivate new agricultural business entities, build agricultural industrial chain; promote agricultural science and technology innovation, upgrade agricultural industrial chain; improve agricultural industry chain interest coordination mechanism, and reconstruct agricultural industrial chains were proposed in order to provide reference for the transformation and upgrading of China's agricultural industry.
    Research on the status quo and countermeasures of green ecological agriculture development in underdeveloped areas:Taking Ankang city as an example
    TANG Bo-qi, ZHAO Lin-long
    2019, 58(6):  144-147.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.033
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    Starting from the concept of green ecological agriculture, the current situation of the development of green ecological agriculture in Ankang City is analyzed while the main problems are pointed out; and relevant countermeasures for the development of green ecological agriculture in Ankang city are put forward.
    Social co-governance of food safety in rural areas under the background of rural revitalization strategy
    DENG Can-hui, MA Qiao-yun, FAN Xiao-jie
    2019, 58(6):  148-151.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.034
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    Based on rural revitalization strategy's management theory and field investigation, the characteristics of rural food safety and the differences between urban and rural food safety risks were analyzed. Using the game theory method, the grass-roots government, rural food producers and processors and rural consumers were chosen as the game subjects of rural food safety social co-governance, the static game model among the subjects was established and analyzed, and the countermeasures and suggestions for rural food safety social co-governance were put forward according to the research results.
    Exploration of the path of targeted poverty alleviation in Mahu town,Liangshan Yi Autonomous prefecture
    ZHAO Bin-jia, LI Xian
    2019, 58(6):  152-155.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.035
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    Taking the Mahu district of Yi Autonomous prefecture of Liangshan as an example, a questionnaire survey on the willingness and attitud of local villagers towards tourism development was conducted, the results were analyzed, and the targeted poverty alleviation path of tourism was explored, so as to provided a case reference for the tourism poverty alleviation development of other ethnic regions.
    Analysis on the willingness to purchase and the influencing factors of rural elderly care services:Taking W village in S county as an example
    WANG Jia-xin
    2019, 58(6):  156-160.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.06.036
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    The aging of China's population is increasing and speeding up, in addition, the labor mobility of the labor force, especially the rural youth, is increasing, which affect the traditional family pension. The traditional intergenerational support of the rural elderly faces challenges. Taking the elderly aged 60 and over in W Village of S County as the survey object, the Logistic model was used to analyze the factors affecting the purchase intention of the elderly care service through the analysis of the individual and family factors. The results show that: the number of sons, family income, physical condition and living style are the main factors affecting the purchase intention of old-age service in rural areas. It is necessary to resolve the intergenerational pension problem of rural elderly by enhancing the accessibility of rural elderly care services, increasing subsidies for their aged care services, and focusing on providing basic old-age services.