Table of Content

25 March 2024, Volume 63 Issue 3

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Rural Cultural Tourism

Empirical study on the integrated development of culture and tourism in the Three Rivers Source Ecological Functional Zone of Qinghai Province

ZHANG Jie, JI Hai-rui, ZHANG Jian-yong

2024, 63(3):  1-7.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.001

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In order to explore the feasibility of cultural and tourism integration development in the Three Rivers Source Ecological Functional Zone and achieve high-quality cultural and tourism development, based on the mechanism of cultural and tourism coupling coordination, the panel data from 2010 to 2020 was used to empirically analyze the level of cultural and tourism industry coupling coordination development in the Three Rivers Source Ecological Functional Zone from time and regional distribution through a coupling coordination model. The results showed that from 2010 to 2020, the development of the cultural and tourism industries in the Three Rivers Source Ecological Functional Zone showed an overall upward trend, but the development of the cultural industry lagged behind that of the tourism industry;from the perspective of regional distribution, the development of the cultural and tourism industries in each prefecture was not synchronized, and the development of the east and west was not coordinated. The integration of culture and tourism in the Three Rivers Source Ecological Functional Zone had gone through a stage of moderate imbalance, mild imbalance, and imminent imbalance. With the continuous increase of coupling coordination among different prefectures, the gap in coupling coordination level was narrowing, but most prefectures were still in a low-level stage. The cultural and tourism integration level in the eastern region of the Three Rivers Source Ecological Functional Zone was better than that in the western region. Huangnan Prefecture relied on its resource advantages and geographical conditions to achieve optimal industrial integration development and moderate level coupling coordination. The cultural and tourism industries in the Three Rivers Source Ecological Functional Zone complemented and supported each other, and the integration of culture and tourism was conducive to promoting the transformation and upgrading of industry, helping to improve the quality and efficiency of the two major industries.

The role of rural tourism in rural cultural revitalization in Hulunbuir City

FU Yan

2024, 63(3):  8-13.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.002

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In order to study the role of rural tourism in rural cultural revitalization, this paper introduced the concepts and requirements of rural tourism and rural cultural revitalization. Taking Hailar District, Hulunbuir City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region as the research object, the data was analyzed using literature review and principal component analysis methods, and an indicator system for the effect of rural tourism on rural cultural revitalization was constructed. The results showed that the effect scores of the five dimensions of industrial development, ecological adaptation, rural civilization construction, rural governance construction, and rural quality of life in Hailar District were 3.004, 3.003, 3.003, 3.002, and 3.001, respectively, with the most significant impact of industrial development on the region;the economy, environment, ecology, and cultural construction of Hailar District had been improved to varying degrees. The research results could provide reference for the formulation of rural tourism development strategies in Hailar District.

Analyzing the influencing factors of rural youth’s attachment behavior to mobile short videos from the perspective of information ecology

DENG Jian-gao, ZHANG Xuan, XU Xu-kan

2024, 63(3):  14-20.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.003

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Based on the perspective of information ecology and the introduction of attachment theory from psychology, a model of the influencing factors of rural youth’s attachment behavior to mobile short videos under the mediating variable of psychological needs was constructed, and its mechanism was explored through empirical analysis. The results indicated that information content, information technology, and information environment factors significantly affected the attachment behavior of rural youth to mobile short videos, driving them to generate different psychological needs and promoting the development of attachment behavior. The information content was the core of rural youth’s attachment behavior to mobile short videos;information technology was the foundation for rural youth to develop attachment behavior toward mobile short videos;the information environment was a catalyst for rural youth to develop attachment behavior toward mobile short videos;the psychological needs of rural youth were the fundamental reason for their attachment to mobile short videos. Based on this, countermeasures and suggestions were proposed from three aspects： balancing the supply and demand of rural public cultural resources, reviewing video content, and promoting collaborative governance.

The European and American rural tourism model and its inspiration on tourism planning in Qinghai Province

HAN Si-qintu, SONG Zhuo-ma, HOU Rui-bo

2024, 63(3):  21-25.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.004

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In order to scientifically promote the tourism planning of Qinghai Province and the high-quality development of rural tourism in Qinghai Province, this paper introduced the typical experiences and model formed by France, the United Kingdom, and the United States in the process of rural tourism development. Combining the advantages and characteristics of rural tourism development in Qinghai Province, this paper drew inspiration for strengthening rural tourism planning in Qinghai Province. The results indicated that rural tourism in Europe and America had the characteristics of natural ecology as the foundation, folk culture as the soul, diverse coordination as the goal, and development for the benefit of the people as the foundation;the characteristics and advantages of tourism development in Qinghai Province were reflected in the rich and diverse tourism resources, increasingly improved infrastructure, gradually strong market demand, and continuously strengthened policy guarantees;Qinghai Province could promote rural tourism planning by coordinating urban and rural development, adhering to ecological low-carbon, innovating diversified governance, promoting cultural and tourism integration, and strengthening standardized management.

A measurement model and empirical testing of tourist perceived value in historical and cultural towns：Taking Yongnian Guangfu City, Yongnian District, Handan City as an example

CHEN Kai-qiang, SUN Bing, ZENG Chun-yuan

2024, 63(3):  26-33.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.005

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Taking Yongnian Guangfu City, Yongnian District, Handan City as the research object, this study comprehensively considered risk perception and cultural value characteristics, and developed a tourist perceived value measurement table that conformed to the characteristics of ancient towns for historical and cultural towns. The study explored the influencing factors of tourist perceived value in ancient town type scenic spots. The results showed that the perceived value measurement table for tourists in historical and cultural towns consisted of 27 measurement indicators from 8 dimensions： living environment value, service value, emotional value, cultural cognitive value, cultural appreciation value, cultural product value, risk perception, and cost perception;the cultural cognitive value, cultural product value, and cultural appreciation value were special dimensions that distinguished historical and cultural towns from other common dimensions of scenic spots;the risk perception formed by tourists during public crisis events had a significant impact on the perceived value of tourists in historical and cultural towns.

Rural Development

Development of modern ecological agriculture in rural revitalization：Based on the analysis of Germany’s experience

LI Xiao-xia, SONG Rui-ya

2024, 63(3):  34-40.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.006

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Based on the parallel ecological industrialisation and industrial ecologicalization, the modern eco-agricultural system formed its own unique development framework. Drawing on beneficial experiences from Germany’s rural construction cases and analysing Germany’s ecologically-led green land remediation policy, competition-promoted endogenous motivation activation policy, multifaceted supportive vocational farmer cultivation policy, and innovation-orientated agricultural science and technology development policy were important inspirations for China’s efficient promotion of rural revitalization strategy toward the development of modern eco-agriculture, that was, to establish a new concept of coordinated development and work out a master plan for urban-rural integration; further promote ecological industrialization and establish a mechanism to realize the value of ecological products; lay out industrial ecology and form a green industrial system cycle model; improve the rural governance system and promote the modernization of rural governance capacity.

Coupling modes of grain output and agricultural labor force changes and rural development types at county level in Hubei Province

AN Bin, NING Yue-wen, XIAO Wei-wei, CHEN Hao, LIU Yu-feng

2024, 63(3):  41-47.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.007

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Based on the data of grain output and agricultural labor force in 81 counties of Hubei Province from 2003 to 2017, the spatial-temporal variation characteristics and corresponding coupling patterns of grain-labor were analyzed by using the grain-labor elastic coefficient model method. The results showed that grain production showed a trend of steady growth in Hubei Province from 2003 to 2017. The spatial characteristics of grain production were high in the middle and low in the surrounding area, increasing in the middle and decreasing in the surrounding area. The high grain production areas had been concentrated in the middle part of northwest Hubei Province and the south of Jianghan Plain. The total amount of agricultural labor force continued to decrease, and showed the spatial characteristics of more in the east and less in the west and increasing in the east and decreasing in the west. The labor-intensive areas were concentrated in the east of Jianghan Plain and the west of the northeast hills of Hubei Province. From 2003 to 2017, the most typical coupling change pattern of grain and labor was grain increasing and labor decreasing（60.49%）, followed by grain and labor decreasing （23.46%） and grain and labor increasing （11.11%）, and the proportion of grain decreasing and labor increasing was the lowest（4.94%）. Under the influence of geographical conditions and agricultural policies, rural development types in Hubei Province showed a diversified and coexisting pattern. The extension type and agricultural modernization type counties were mainly distributed in the central part of Hubei Province, while the industrial transfer type and the planting and breeding integration type counties were mainly distributed in the eastern and western parts. In the two periods before and after 2010, the transformation of rural development types in the county was complicated, and relatively few remained unchanged.

Construction and practice of “rural appearance” under the background of rural revitalization

SHEN Hong-jie

2024, 63(3):  48-52.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.008

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Starting from the survey questionnaire, the “rural” representation and keywords of rural tourism were collected, and they were classified and named. Then, based on the “two-factor” theory, the construction framework of “rural appearance” was built, including health care factors namely rural style and remains of scenery, and incentive factors namely rural society and production and experience of villagers. Finally, rural tourism destinations were demonstrated by practice. The results showed that in the construction of “rural appearance”, the score of the incentive factors index of rural tourism destinations was lower than the score of the health care factors index, and the display of the incentive factors index would be an important direction for the future construction of rural tourism destinations.

New Rural Business Models

An empirical study on the impact of the digital economy and financial knowledge on farmers’ entrepreneurial decision-making： Based on the survey data of 1 086 households in Shaanxi Province

LI Li, CHI Chao-nan, WANG Zhi-bin, LU Guo-min

2024, 63(3):  53-58.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.009

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Based on the data of 1 086 valid survey questionnaires in Shaanxi Province in 2021, the double column model was used to study the impact of digital economy and financial knowledge on farmers’ entrepreneurial decision-making. The results showed that digital economy and financial knowledge could not only promote farmers’ entrepreneurial intention, but also improve the investment scale of farmers’ entrepreneurship, and had a significant impact on farmers’ entrepreneurial decision-making. The total family assets could promote farmers to start businesses and increase the scale of investment, while the real estate assets would restrain farmers from starting businesses and reduce the scale of investment. The age and marital status had no significant impact on the basic decisions of farmers’entrepreneurship and their investment. Therefore, it was suggested that relevant departments should cultivate digital economy talents and popularize digital economy technology to promote the integration of traditional agriculture and digital economy, enhance the strategic position of farmers’ financial education and give priority to popularizing the financial knowledge urgently needed by farmers.

Can Internet use promote rural females’ non-agricultural employment under the background of digital economy

ZHAO Lan-lan, XIA Yong

2024, 63(3):  59-68.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.010

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Using the Chinese General Social Survey data in 2017, combined with empirical analysis methods such as Probit model, Random forest model and extended regression model, the impact and mechanism of Internet use on rural females’ non-agricultural employment decisions in the digital era were analyzed. The results showed that Internet use could promote non-agricultural employment of rural females, and the marginal effect was 6.8%; the higher the frequency of modern media use, the higher the probability of non-agricultural employment of rural females, especially the impact on self-employment was greater than employment; the influence of information access channel was not significant. Heterogeneity analysis showed that Internet use had a higher probability of increasing non-agricultural employment for rural females with junior middle school education level, low family care intensity and low family economic level. Internet use might affect non-agriculture employment through three channels of increasing human capital level and experience accumulation, extending social relations and improving the traditional gender perception. It showed that in the digital economy era, the use of the Internet played a positive role in the participation of rural females in non-agricultural employment, and also provided a new perspective for exploring the digital dividend under the existing labor constraints, optimizing the labor allocation of resources, and promoting the sound and rapid economic development.

Land Transfer

The influencing factors and mechanisms of the contradiction between land transfer willingness and behavior：Based on 5 307 farmer samples from underdeveloped counties in Shanxi Province

LI Hui-min, GUO Qing-xia, DING Yi, KANG Qing

2024, 63(3):  69-74.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.011

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Based on 5 307 field survey data from 58 underdeveloped counties in Shanxi Province, the Logistic-ISM model was used to analyze the influencing factors and occurrence mechanisms. The results indicated that the phenomenon of deviation between the willingness and behavior of farmers in underdeveloped counties of Shanxi Province in land transfer was quite common, and had become a significant obstacle factor in the process of land transfer in the region. There was a common phenomenon of deviation between the willingness and behavior of farmers in land transfer. Among 2 742 households with land transfer intention, 1 892 households （69.00%） did not engage in land transfer behavior;among 2 565 households without land transfer intention, 1 163 households （445.34%） engaged in land transfer behavior;the age of farmers, lack of non-agricultural employment ability, low transfer income, difficulty in finding transaction partners, fear of loss of security, and fear of breach of contract had a significant positive impact on the phenomenon of deviation;the health status of farmers, education level of farmers, total population, proportion of non-agricultural income, maximum and minimum cultivated land area had a significant negative impact on the phenomenon of paradox;on this basis, a deep analysis of the paradox factor was conducted to form a hierarchical structure of “one path, two drives”;taking improving the non-agricultural employment ability of farmers as a breakthrough point, the focus was on addressing the restrictive effects of individual and family characteristics of farmers on land transfer. Based on regulatory ideas and combined with factor pathways, adaptive regulatory measures were proposed.

Characteristics and influencing factors of farmland transfer in Guangxi

ZHONG Jia-yi, HU Bo, SHI Bao-wei, XIONG Na, LU Yu-ming, HE Long-fei

2024, 63(3):  75-79.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.012

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The Logit model was used to analyze the influencing factors of farmer land-transfer behavior. The results showed that the difference of family land management, the weight of family non-migrant labor force, the willingness of farmers to transfer land, and the willingness of farmers to rent land had a significant negative impact on the decision of farmers to transfer land, and the weight of family migrant labor force had a positive impact on the decision of peasant household to transfer land. In order to further promote farmland transfer, it was suggested to improve the education level of farmers, and encourage farmland management with family farms as the main and multiple farmland operation mode coexisting.

Rural Urbanization

Impact of new urbanization on agricultural green productivity under the threshold of digital financial inclusion

ZHANG Jing-wei, LI Jing-suo

2024, 63(3):  80-86.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.013

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Based on the panel data of 30 provinces from 2011 to 2018, the superefficiency SBM model was used to estimate the agricultural green productivity of each province. On this basis, the impact of new urbanization on agricultural green productivity and the role of digital inclusive finance were studied. The results showed that new-type urbanization could promote the improvement of agricultural green productivity. Among them, the promotion effect of the eastern region was greater than that of the central and western region; with the improvement of agricultural green productivity, the promotion role of new-type urbanization first increased and then gradually slowed down; taking digital inclusive finance as the threshold variable, there was a single threshold for the impact of new urbanization on agricultural green productivity, and after the threshold value was exceeded, the impact of new urbanization gradually increased. The coupling effect test found that the change trend of the coupling coordination degree between new urbanization and digital inclusive finance was basically consistent with the change of agricultural green productivity, which confirmed that there was a threshold effect of digital inclusive finance between new urbanization and agricultural green productivity.

Analysis on the regional differences of urbanization development in Xinjiang

ABULIMITI Maliyamuguli, YANG Sheng-tian, MAIMAITI Bumairiyemu

2024, 63(3):  87-96.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.014

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Based on the entropy method, correlation coefficient and grey correlation analysis, SPSS, Matlab, and ArcGIS software were used to analyze the distribution and driving mechanism of regional differences in the level of population development level （PDL） and comprehensive urbanization development level （CUDL） at the prefectural and county scale in Xinjiang. The results showed that the CUDL of urbanization in Xinjiang was increasing. The northern and eastern Xinjiang showed an agglomeration-type growth, and the southern Xinjiang showed a decentralized slow growth trend. The overall trend was high in the north and low in the south. Some southern border counties were still underdeveloped; Xinjiang’s PDL and CUDL had changed significantly around 2006. The CUDL of Xinjiang showed a steady increase in 2010; there was a strong correlation between PDL and CUDL in Xinjiang, and the correlation degree between each subsystem and the score of urbanization level in Xinjiang was as follows： Economic urbanization > population urbanization > spatial urbanization > social urbanization.

High Quality Development

Empirical evaluation of agricultural development level based on AHP-TOPSIS coupling coordination model

XIE Lin-bo, YANG Zhen-yu, KUANG Bo-lin

2024, 63(3):  97-103.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.015

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The domestic new agricultural development pattern system has developed rapidly in recent years. Aiming to accelerate the development of domestic agricultural circulation, the panel data from 2012 to 2020 in 31 provinces（autonomous regions and municipalities）was used to comprehensively evaluate the system of the new agricultural development pattern through the analytic hierarchy process（AHP）, entropy weight method, optimum distance method and coupling coordination model, and the analysis was conducted from two dimensions of time and space. The results showed that the top three provinces with high agricultural development level in 2020 were Shandong, Guangdong and Jiangsu, and their per capita GDP and agricultural development level were highly coordinated. The level of agricultural development in the western region had yet to improve relative to the central and eastern regions.

The high quality development level of fishery in Hubei Province from the perspective of industrial chain

HUANG Yu-lu, LU Hong-gang, ZHENG Jia-xi

2024, 63(3):  104-111.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.016

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Based on the perspective of the industrial chain, the connotation of high-quality development of fishery was systematically expounded, and a high-quality evaluation index system of fishery with 20 indicators in four dimensions,including upstream （breeding, feed production）, midstream （medical service, aquaculture system）, downstream （logistics transportation, primary processing, deep processing） and sustainable development, was constructed. Based on the data of counties （cities and districts） in Hubei Province from 2010 to 2019, the spatial and temporal evolution of high-quality development of fishery was analyzed, and the coupling relationship between two subsystems from the perspective of the industrial chain was measured. The results showed that the high-quality development level of fishery in Hubei Province increased first and then stabilized. The high-quality development areas were distributed in the Yangtze River and Han River Basins. The coupling degree among fishery industries in Hubei Province was in a highly coupled state, but the coordination degree was basically in a serious imbalance state. The coupling degree of each link in the fishery industry chain of each county （city and district） was high, but the coordination degree was basically in a serious imbalance state. Therefore, the coordinated development of all links of the fishery industry chain should be paid attention to, and a whole industry chain of production, processing and sustainable integration should be built according to the idea of “extending the first industry, connecting the two sides of the second industry, and taking the high end of the third industry”.

High-quality development path of apple industry in Baoji City of Shaanxi Province

MA Liang, MENG Mei

2024, 63(3):  112-115.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.017

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The apple industry is the characteristic and advantageous industry in Baoji City,Shaanxi Province,and has played an important role in increasing agricultural output value, farmers’ income and reforming the agricultural supply-side structure. With the rapid development of the apple industry,the problems restricting the development of the industry had become increasingly prominent,mainly manifested in the imperfect cultivation system of new professional farmers,lagging agricultural socialization services,low level of comprehensive product processing,single planting variety structure,and imperfect agricultural insurance system. In order to promote the high-quality development of Baoji apple industry and break through the bottleneck of industrial development, some suggestions were put forward, such as cultivating high-quality farmers, improving agricultural socialization services, deepening the product deep processing technology, enriching the variety structure and ameliorating the planting insurance system.

Characteristics of the economic development efficiency of animal husbandry in Xinjiang during the 13th Five-Year Plan period based on three-stage DEA-Malmquist index model

LUO Xue-hong, SU Xiang-hui, MA Ying, LIN Wen-ji, LI Shu-min

2024, 63(3):  116-124.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.018

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In order to measure and improve the efficiency of animal husbandry economic development in Xinjiang, a three-stage DEA-Malmquist index model was used to analyze the input-output efficiency of animal husbandry economic development level in 14 prefectures and cities in Xinjiang during the 13th Five-Year Plan period. The results showed that, from the static analysis, only the counties （cities） directly under Yili Prefecture had unchanged returns to scale during the 13th Five-Year Plan period, showing DEA efficiency. In other areas, because of the decline of scale efficiency or pure technical efficiency, the comprehensive technical efficiency was DEA ineffective, and the scale mostly increased. From the dynamic analysis, Malmquist index was less than 1.000 during the 13th Five-Year Plan period, which indicated that the economic efficiency of animal husbandry in Xinjiang was declining, and the change of technological progress was the main reason that hindered the improvement of economic efficiency of animal husbandry. It should strengthen technical management, take the new animal husbandry management subject as the guide, improve the ability to optimize the efficiency of resource allocation, strengthen grassland protection and construction, and promote moderate scale. Areas with high efficiency level should maintain the advantages of animal husbandry economic development and carry out technology popularization; areas with low efficiency should increase investment in policies, registration systems, infrastructure construction, talents, technology, etc.

Research on agricultural science and technology innovation, spatial agglomeration and farmers’ income increase in Shandong Province

FU Yi-jie, SUN Yu

2024, 63(3):  125-128.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.019

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Based on the data of Statistical Yearbook of Shandong Province from 2009 to 2018, the correlation analysis and regression test model were used to study the impact of agricultural science and technology innovation and spatial agglomeration on farmers’ income increase in recent years in Shandong Province. The results showed that the agricultural science and technology innovation and spatial agglomeration had a positive and significant effect on increasing farmers’ income. Based on this, some suggestions were put forward, such as increasing input in agricultural science and technology innovation, promoting independent innovation in agricultural science and technology in various places, rationally optimizing the resources generated by agricultural science and technology innovation, and improving the system of agricultural science and technology innovation, in order to promote farmers’ income to achieve a steady, sustainable and healthy increase.

Spatial-temporal characteristics and influencing factors of high-quality agricultural development in the Yellow River Basin

ZHANG Zhuo-kang, LI Zhi-chao

2024, 63(3):  129-136.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.020

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Based on the new development concept, the evaluation index system of agricultural high-quality development level was constructed. The data of 72 cities（prefectures and leagues）in the Yellow River Basin from 2008 to 2019 was adopted to reveal the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors of high-quality agricultural development level in the Yellow River Basin by using entropy method, standard deviation ellipse, Moran’s I index and spatial econometric model. The results show that the level of high-quality agricultural development in the Yellow River Basin had generally been improving during the study period, but there were still structural problems, and the level of innovative development and open development were weak links. The level of high-quality agricultural development showed an uneven spatial distribution, gradually changing from “high in the east and low in the mid-west” to “high in the east and west, low in the central”; regional agricultural development was spatially correlated, showing high-high agglomeration and low-low agglomeration; the level of socio-economic development and infrastructure promoted high-quality agricultural development, and population urbanization had a negative impact on high-quality agricultural development. This led to the conclusion that the Yellow River Basin should promote high-quality agricultural development by deepening agricultural supply-side reform, developing differentiated agricultural models, bringing into play regional agricultural radiation effects, and making full use of socio-economic factors.

The characteristics of high-quality development of agricultural economy in the central, western and eastern regions under agricultural industry agglomeration

ZHANG Yuan-hui

2024, 63(3):  137-141.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.021

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In view of the agricultural economy and development in the central, western and eastern regions, the impact of agricultural industry agglomeration on it was analyzed. The research found that agricultural industry agglomeration had a positive impact on the development of agricultural economy. Agricultural industry agglomeration could promote the centralized allocation of agricultural production factors, improve resource utilization efficiency, promote agricultural technology innovation and the extension of the agricultural industry chain, and enhance the added value and competitiveness of agricultural economy. The results of data analysis from 2014 to 2021 showed that the impact of agricultural industry agglomeration on the development of agricultural economy in the central, western, and eastern regions was in the order of eastern, central and western regions. The economic growth rate of the western region was the largest, exceeding that of the eastern region, which might be affected by policies such as national agricultural subsidies. The results indicated that agricultural industry agglomeration was helpful to achieve high-quality development of agricultural economy, and could provide support for increasing farmersʼ income and promote sustainable agricultural development. On this basis, some suggestions on agricultural industry agglomeration and the high-quality development of agricultural economy were put forward.

Agricultural Production Efficiency

Measurement and convergence of agricultural green production efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Belt under carbon emission constraints

XU Dong-fang, KONG Ling-cheng

2024, 63(3):  142-149.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.022

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Agricultural green production efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Belt was measured with the panel three-stage DEA model, and convergence analysis was made on this basis. The results showed that environmental factors and random errors had significant effects on agricultural green production efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The agricultural green production efficiency in the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River economic belt had obvious spatial imbalance phenomenon. The difference of agricultural green production efficiency among provinces（cities） in the three regions of the Yangtze River Economic Belt showed a decreasing trend. Based on this, in order to further improve and spatially optimize the agricultural green production efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the following suggestions were proposed, such as clarifying the regional environment and adapting to local conditions; grasping regional differences and implementing precise policies; breaking down the regional barrier and promoting coordinated development.

Spatial-temporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors of grain production efficiency in China

JI-Zhang Han-yu, YANG Hui-wen

2024, 63(3):  150-156.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.023

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The grain production efficiency measurement index system was designed based on the input-output framework, and a dynamic DEA calculation model of grain production efficiency based on DDF was constructed to calculate the grain production efficiency of China from 2011 to 2019. ESTAD model and geographic detectors were used to identify the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics of grain production efficiency in China as well as its influencing factors. The results showed that, from 2011 to 2019, China’s grain production efficiency was relatively high on the whole, showing a small dynamic decline trend, as well as obvious regional differences. The stability of local spatial structure and spatial dependence direction of grain production efficiency in China was strong. The stability of local spatial structure in eastern and western China was higher than that in central China, while the stability in central and western China was higher than that in eastern coastal China. The proportion of provinces （cities, autonomous regions） with synergistic growth of grain production efficiency and neighboring regions was 51.6%, mainly located in the south of the Yellow River, and the spatial pattern integration showed the characteristics of diversification and differentiation. Macroeconomic factors had the greatest impact on grain production efficiency, while policy support factors had the least impact. However, the interaction between policy support and other factors had a nonlinear enhancing effect.

Research on the configuration path of drought impact on grain production： Qualitative comparative analysis based on fuzzy sets

CAO Jiao-jiao

2024, 63(3):  157-162.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.024

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Based on the perspective of configuration, this paper took 31 provinces（autonomous regions and municipalities）in China as research objects, and chose 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2020 as typical cases to explore the configuration path of drought and various factors affecting food production. The results showed that,food production was affected by many factors, and drought could not independently affect food production. There were four path configurations in high grain production, which were resource input type, government support type, government support + resource input type and government support + technology input type. There were six path configurations in low grain production, which could be summarized into three types, such as reduction due to drought + absence of government + lack of resources, reduction due to drought + lack of resources, reduction due to drought + lack of resources + lack of technology. The influencing factors of grain production were not only asymmetrical, but also had significant temporal and spatial differences.

The impact of digital economy on grain production efficiency

YANG Hui-wen, JI-zhang Han-yu, FENG Tian-yi

2024, 63(3):  163-170.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.025

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The measurement index system of digital economy was designed from three dimensions： digital infrastructure, digital industry and digital talents. The projection pursuit technology was used for dimensionality reduction processing to measure the development level of digital economy and the development level of each dimension. Then, the grain production efficiency was measured by constructing SBM-DEA model. Finally, the fixed effect model was conducive to the empirical analysis of the impact of digital economy on grain production efficiency during the 13th Five-Year Plan period. The results showed that the leading factors in promoting the development of digital economy had inter-provincial differences and regional characteristics. Compared with Guangdongʼs digital industry cluster, Beijing was more dependent on digital talent resources. Digital economy had a positive effect on improving grain production efficiency, but the influence ability was low. From the perspective of dimension, digital talent and digital infrastructure had a more significant effect on the improvement of food production efficiency compared with digital industry. Therefore, local governments should promote the coordinated development of the digital economy in a dynamic and balanced manner in light of local conditions, enhance the synergy between digital factors and agricultural production factors, and unleash the vitality of the digital economy in promoting food production and agricultural transformation in a precise and efficient manner.

The temporal and spatial differences and convergence of maize eco-efficiency

LI Qian-nan, YE Feng

2024, 63(3):  171-176.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.026

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Maize eco-efficiency of the main producing provinces （cities and autonomous regions） from 2004 to 2018 was calculated by the EBM-Super-Malmquist index method, the temporal evolution and spatial distribution characteristics of maize eco-efficiency were analyzed, and the convergence of maize eco-efficiency was tested by the convergence method. The results showed that, maize eco-efficiency showed a fluctuating downward trend, and there were obvious characteristics of imbalance between regions. There were no σ convergence and absolute β convergence in maize eco-efficiency across the country and the four major regions, and regional differences would not be unconditionally narrowed. There were significant condition β convergence for maize eco-efficiency across the country and the four major regions. Disaster rate, financial support and human capital were important factors that affected β convergence of maize eco-efficiency condition.

Measurement of agricultural ecological efficiency in Chongqing City based on undesired output SBM model and center of gravity model

FENG Hao, XIA Guo-feng, YOU Xian-ping

2024, 63(3):  177-182.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.027

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Undesired output SBM model, correlation analysis model and center of gravity model were used to evaluate the agricultural ecological efficiency of Chongqing City from 2010 to 2018, the correlation of the spatial distribution of agricultural ecological efficiency in Chongqing in each year, and the evolution of the gravity center of agricultural ecological efficiency. The results showed that, from 2010 to 2018, the average value of agricultural ecological efficiency in Chongqing City had fluctuated upward, and the spatial distribution correlation of agricultural ecological efficiency had changed from a negative correlation to a positive correlation. The shift of the gravity center of agricultural ecological efficiency presented a spiral shape and was scattered in the Changshou District of Chongqing City.

Industrial Structure

Evaluation of the coordinated development of agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery industrial structure adjustment in Guangxi and the whole country

XU Zhong-yu, DENG Guo-xian, LI Li-ju, LIN Shu-heng

2024, 63(3):  183-190.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.028

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The impact of the output value of various industries of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery in Guangxi and the whole country on agricultural economic growth from 2005 to 2020 was analyzed by the grey correlation analysis method. The contribution rate and prediction model of the output value growth of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery industry were constructed and regression analysis was carried out. Then the coordination degree of the contribution rate of the adjustment of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery structure to economic growth was analyzed. The results showed that the grey correlation degree between the output value and the total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery service industry in Guangxi showed a decreasing trend with the change of years, and the output value of fishery had a good correlation with the total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery. The correlation between the output value and the total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery services in the whole nation decreased year by year, while the correlation between the output value of fishery and the total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery showed a fluctuating downward trend. The contribution rate of agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery structure adjustment to agricultural economy in Guangxi and the whole country was negative, and Guangxi fluctuated greatly. The national agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry and fisher structure adjustment was better than that of Guangxi. The adjustment of agricultural industrial structure in the whole country and Guangxi was high-quality coordination in 2007, 2008 and 2011, was good coordination in 2010, and was intermediate coordination in 2019. Therefore, in order to promote the adjustment and optimization of the structure of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery in Guangxi and the whole country, it was necessary to enhance the energy power of forestry, agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery service industry, adjust the regional distribution of industries according to local conditions, extend the agricultural industry chain, and produce high-quality agricultural products, so as to achieve the purpose of promoting farmers’ income and agricultural economic growth.

Driving effect of industrial structure upgrading on the temporal and spatial difference of regional water use intensity

LI Jia-hao, YANG Hao-lin, SUN Tao

2024, 63(3):  191-198.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.029

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From the perspective of time and space, the effect of regional water use intensity was decomposed into the industrialization effect, industrial structure upgrading effect, water-saving technology effect of the tertiary industry, carrying capacity effect of domestic water use, and the scale effect of urban population water use. The LMDI decomposition expansion model of temporal and spatial differences in regional water use intensity was constructed. Taking the Yangtze River Economic Belt as an example, the driving channels and internal influencing mechanisms of industrial structure upgrading on temporal and spatial differences in water use intensity were explored in depth. The results showed that the upgrading of industrial structure was an important factor to inhibit the increase of water use intensity in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2000 to 2020, but its inhibitory effect had weakened year by year since 2012, and had turned to promote the growth of water use intensity, and then turned to inhibitory effect in 2020. Since 2011, there had been a weakening trend in the driving force of inhibiting or promoting the increase of water use intensity compared with Shanghai. The industrial structure adjustment of provinces and cities under the trend of service could inhibit the increase of water use intensity compared with Shanghai. Anhui Province, Jiangxi Province, Hunan Province, Jiangsu Province and Sichuan Province should strengthen the rational allocation of water resources between industries （especially between the first and second industries ） and optimize the water consumption structure within the industry （especially the second industry）. Guizhou Province, Hunan Province, Yunnan Province and Hubei Province had a low level of service, and still needed to further develop the tertiary industry.

Human Resources

The mechanism analysis of farmers’ part-time employment affecting the integration of small-scale farmers into modern agriculture

TANG Yong, SUN Qian

2024, 63(3):  199-204.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.030

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Combined with the problems existing in the integration of small-scale agricultural production into modern agricultural development, this paper put forward the driving factors for the formation of farmers’ part-time employment, the types of farmers’ part-time employment and their professional characteristics, and put forward the positive impact of farmers’ part-time employment on the integration of small-scale agricultural production into modern agricultural development from the perspective of income effect, entrepreneurship effect and human resource balance effect. From the perspective of deviating from agricultural development objectives, breeding ethical problems and affecting the overall advancement of agriculture, this paper analyzed its negative impact on the integration of small-scale agricultural production. Finally, from the perspective of promoting the transformation of farmers’ part-time businesses into farmers’ specialties and promoting the transfer of agricultural population, it put forward suggestions to promote the integration of small-scale agricultural production into the development of modern agriculture.

The impact of livelihood capital of households of farm land transferred out on the choice of livelihood strategy： Micro demonstration based on CFPS data

FAN Zhu-zhu, LIU Guo-yong

2024, 63(3):  205-212.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.031

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On the basis of reasonable selection of variables and subdivision of farmers’ livelihood strategies, the data of China household tracking survey （CFPS） national integrated sample was used to construct a 6-dimension livelihood capital quantitative index system of natural capital, human capital, physical capital, financial capital, social capital and psychological capital. Multiple Logit models were used to empirically analyze the influence of livelihood capital on livelihood strategy selection. The results showed that the livelihood capital index and total index of farm land transferred out of the household had different differentiation characteristics. The larger the natural capital, physical capital and financial capital, the more inclined farmers were to choose the agriculture-oriented livelihood strategy; the larger the natural capital, human capital and social capital, the more inclined the farmers were to choose the livelihood strategy of concurrent farming; the larger the natural capital, human capital, social capital and psychological capital, the more inclined the farmers were to choose the livelihood strategy of part-time employment; the larger the human capital, social capital and psychological capital, the more inclined farmers were to choose the worker-oriented livelihood strategy. The relative risk ratio of farmers’ livelihood strategy selection was different for each influencing factor. According to this, the government should guide farmers to scale farmland management, improve social security services, improve the rural financial system, popularize non-agricultural skills training and other differentiated policies.

The impact of population aging on peasant household entrepreneurship： Empirical analysis based on CLDS 2016 data

DAI Zhi-qiang, GUO Ru-liang

2024, 63(3):  213-221.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.032

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From the perspective of population aging, taking peasant household entrepreneurship as the research object and using the data of China labor dynamics survey （CLDS） in 2016, the Logit regression model was constructed. Two key variables, namely, willingness to migrate for work and Internet use, which had important influence on peasant household entrepreneurship, were introduced as intermediary variables and moderating variables respectively. The influence mechanism of population aging on peasant household entrepreneurship was explored. The results showed that the aging of population could significantly inhibit the entrepreneurship of peasant households and the willingness of rural households to work outside their homes. The willingness to work outside their homes played a partial intermediary role in the relationship between population aging and peasant household entrepreneurship. Internet use had a moderating effect on the relationship between population aging and peasant household entrepreneurship, and internet use weakened the inhibition effect of aging on peasant household entrepreneurship. After the robustness test by changing the empirical model and reducing the sample, the conclusion was still valid. According to the heterogeneity analysis by group, education level and social network level, the inhibition effect of population aging on peasant household entrepreneurship was heterogeneous under different education level and social network level. To this end, it was necessary to strengthen the construction of rural networks, encourage more migrant workers to return to the countryside and stay in the countryside to find employment and start businesses, provide talent support for rural revitalization, and jointly build a beautiful, rich and happy countryside.

The influencing factors and promotion strategies of farmers’ entrepreneurial willingness

YANG Yi-ran, LIU Xin-min

2024, 63(3):  222-230.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.033

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Based on the questionnaire data of 710 farmers in five typical rural innovation and entrepreneurship counties in Shandong Province, the principal component analysis method was used to extract 11 principal component factors from the internal factors of farmers and the external factors of the surrounding environment, and the core influencing factors of farmers’ entrepreneurial willingness were further empirically analyzed by using multiple regression. The results showed that all the extraction of 11 main composition factors had significant influence on farmers’ entrepreneurial willingness, and the relationship of each influencing factor from strong to weak was as follows： Perceived behavioral control, financial support, policy support, fear of failure, risk avoidance,perceived risk, entrepreneurial atmosphere, infrastructure, subjective norms, kinship networks and entrepreneurial attitude. Among them, fear of failure, risk aversion and perceived risk negatively affected farmers’ willingness to start a business. Finally, in order to improve the willingness of farmers to start a business, the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions were put forward from the technical training, policy support, entrepreneurial atmosphere, institutional security and other aspects.

Social Security

The impact of rural population aging on the consumption gap between urban and rural areas： Taking the Yangtze River Economic Belt as an example

LEI Xun, TU Wei-liang

2024, 63(3):  231-235.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.034

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Based on the provincial panel data of the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2012 to 2021, the OLS model was constructed to analyze the impact of rural population aging on the urban-rural consumption gap in the economic belt. The results showed that the aging of rural population in the Yangtze River Economic Belt had a significant narrowing effect on the urban-rural consumption gap, while it had a significant expanding effect on the per capita consumption expenditure of urban and rural residents. The expanding effect on the per capita consumption expenditure of urban residents was smaller than that on the per capita consumption expenditure of rural residents. The regional regression results indicated that the aging of rural population had a significant narrowing effect on the urban-rural consumption gap in various regions of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and the narrowing effect on the urban-rural consumption gap in the middle reaches was stronger, followed by the narrowing effect on the upstream, and the smallest effect was on the downstream.

The supply of smart home care services in rural communities： Based on the perspective of attention theory

GUO Ye-ling, LI Jing

2024, 63(3):  236-240.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.035

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Based on the perspective of attention theory, the problem of smart home care services supply in rural communities was discussed. The research found that under the background of digital rural construction, the continuous improvement of the digital literacy of the rural elderly population and the continuous attraction of technical advantages to the supply subjects implied the gradual embedding of the attention of both supply and demand sides, which provided an important premise for the supply of rural smart home care services. The supply of rural smart home care services took capacity development, government assistance, decision-making coordination and real-time supervision as the fulcrum to build an attention embedding, processing, synchronization and configuration mechanism for both supply and demand. Therefore, it was necessary to promote the construction of the rural smart home care service supply system by adhering to the government’s leadership, guiding the efficient operation of market attention, building a digital network, realizing the synchronization of multi-subject attention, consolidating factor support, laying the foundation for supplier attention embedding, strengthening publicity and education, and guiding the deep embedding of the elderly’s attention.

Rural Governance

Factors affecting the integration degree of migrants in relocated communities： Taking A, B and C Villages in Xundian County, Yunnan Province as an example

DONG Ya-ning, BI Dong, XIAO Hong-lei

2024, 63(3):  241-249.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.036

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Through the investigation of three relocated communities in Xundian County, Yunnan Province, using the Pearson and linear regression model, 22 indicators were selected based on the theory of social integration, the evaluation index system of influencing factors was constructed, the influencing factors of community integration degree with different types of immigrants were analyzed, and the key factors affecting the integration degree of immigrant communities were found out. The results showed that the community integration degree of immigrants was good, but the community integration degree of different types of immigrants had obvious differences, showing the overall trend of farming immigrants> part-time immigrants> migrant immigrants. The results provided a scientific decision-making basis for promoting the community integration after relocation.

The functional degradation and governance countermeasures of the hollow village community

XIE Zheng-feng, MO Xue-fei, ZHANG Xiao-juan

2024, 63(3):  250-254.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.037

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On the basis of previous studies, the degradation of production function, living function, service function and organization coordination function of the hollow village community was analyzed. And then the driving forces of functional degradation in the hollow village community from three aspects of government power, market power and rural residents’ power were discussed. The function degradation mechanism of the hollow village community was analyzed by push-pull theory, collaborative model and cycle accumulation principle. Finally, some governance countermeasures of functional degradation in the hollow village community were put forward, including respecting farmers’ participation rights and subjectivity, improving rural endogenous development ability, strengthening rural public service supply and improving farmers’ organization degree.

The application of improved ant colony algorithm in rural garbage treatment

LI Ting

2024, 63(3):  255-259.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.038

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In order to reduce the transportation cost of rural garbage treatment, the ant colony algorithm was improved by introducing the saving factor, dividing the ants into two modes of labor division and cooperation of exploration ants and determining ants, and retaining the optimal path of the parent. And it was applied to the determination of the optimal path for the recycling of rural garbage trucks, thereby reducing the transportation distance. The performance comparison experiment of the improved ant colony algorithm and the maximum and minimum ant system showed that the improved ant colony algorithm tended to be stable when the number of iterations was 132, and its optimal value was 623.157 9, which was better than the maximum and minimum ants system. The results showed that the improved ant colony algorithm had better performance in finding the optimal path, and it could be used to determine the rural garbage recycling path, which provided a new idea for the field of rural garbage treatment.

Farmer Organization

Analysis on the development maturity and key factors of new-type agricultural management entities in China：Taking the planting family farms in 29 provinces（municipalities and autonomous regions） as an example

WEI Wei, YIN Guan-yi, XIE Shuai, LOU Yi

2024, 63(3):  260-272.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.03.039

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Based on the monitoring data of family farms in 29 provinces（municipalities and autonomous regions） from 2016 to 2018, taking the planting family farms as the research object, the farm development maturity from five dimensions of farm scale, management capability, management cost, utilization intensity and development vision was evaluated. The key factors contributing to farm development maturity in different regions were analyzed by location entropy index, and the main path of farm cultivation was explored. The results showed that the total cost, net income, total income and labor productivity increased with the expansion of farm operation scale, while the land productivity decreased. The ideal management scale showed obvious high distribution in the north and low distribution in the south, which was generally suitable for the total amount of arable resources. Family farms in the non-agricultural economically developed areas showed a trend of developing to a moderate scale. The development maturity of farms in all provinces was generally enhanced, and the high value area was migrating from east and south China to north China, because of the limitation of the quality and scale of cultivated land, circulation of land, professional talents and technical development, the development of family farms in the western and some central provinces was relatively backward. Machinery input, farm area, links with co-operatives and leading enterprises, and land transfer rent showed the highest location entropy index, and the contribution to the development maturity of local farms was mainly restricted by regional agricultural planting technology, land resource endowment, economic development level and policy support.