HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES

Identification and evaluation of agronomic traits of sweet buckwheat germplasm resources in the Hohhot-Baotou area of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

YIN Chun, GUO Lai-chun, WU Jun-ying, LIU Jin-quan, LU Fu-kuan, LIU Jing-hui

2023, 62(9): 1-5. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.001

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77 germplasm resources of sweet buckwheat（Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.） were introduced for field identification of agronomic characters, in order to screen excellent germplasm resources suitable for planting in the Hohhot-Baotou area of Inner Mongolia. The results showed that the yield and grain weight per plant had the highest genetic variability, with variation coefficients of 37.1% and 38.5%, respectively. The variation coefficients of the first branch number, grain number per plant, first lateral branch length, stem wall thickness and plant height were relatively high, with variation coefficients of 36.6%, 33.9%, 32.4%, 29.4% and 21.9% respectively. It indicated that these traits had abundant genetic variability. Cluster analysis of 12 agronomic traits showed that 77 sweet buckwheat germplasm resources could be divided into 3 categories, including 21 short-stalk varieties, 34 large-grain and high-yield varieties and 22 high-stalk and lodging-resistant varieties. The traits significantly related to the yield of buckwheat were grain weight per plant, 1 000-grain weight and grain number per plant（P<0.01）. Nine excellent germplasm resources of sweet buckwheat with dwarf, high yield and lodging resistance were screened out, which were suitable for the climatic conditions in the Hohhot-Baotou area of Inner Mongolia.

Study on the effect and mechanism of strigolactone on seed priming in Brassica napus L.

ZHU Si, DENG Feng-ling, ZHAO Guang, CHAO Hong-bo, LI Chun-sheng, GU Jian-wei

2023, 62(9): 6-13. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.002

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To understand the biological process of Brassica napus L. seed vigor and develop an initiator for seed viability, the priming effects of the strigolactone （GR24） on seed germination in Brassica napus L. under different concentrations were analyzed. The results showed that 10.00 μmol/L GR24 significantly promoted seed germination and seedling growth, and increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes and the accumulation of anti-stress substances in the germinated seeds and seedlings. Gene expression analysis demonstrated that treatment with 10.00 μmol/L GR24 could effectively alleviate the inhibitory impact of ABA and enhance the promoting influence of GA on seed germination and seedling growth by regulating the expression of genes involved in ABA and GA synthesis and signaling pathways.

Analysis of the synergistic development model of ecosystem service value and social economy in Guangzhou City based on GlobeLand30 data

CHEN Min, LIU Jia-min, QIN Liang-jun, CHEN Yi-yun

2023, 62(9): 14-19. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.003

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Based on the GlobeLand30 surface cover data of Guangzhou City in 2020, the spatial distribution characteristics of the ecosystem service value of various districts in Guangzhou City were analyzed by using the value equivalent method after coefficient correction. An economic-ecosystem service value index （GDP-ESV） based on the integration of social economic data was proposed to analyze the development contradiction between the ecosystem service value and the social economy in each district of Guangzhou City. The results showed that the total value of ecosystem service functions in Guangzhou City in 2020 was 34.8 billion yuan, of which waters and forest land were the main contributors. The value of ecosystem services in Guangzhou City had a significant positive spatial correlation （P<0.05）. The high-value clustering areas were mainly concentrated in the northern woodland area of Conghua District and the Pearl River estuary in the east of Panyu District. The low-value gathering areas were mainly concentrated in the agricultural areas of Conghua District, Zengcheng District and Huadu District. The GDP-ESV index of each district in Guangzhou was quite different. The GDP-ESV indexes of Yuexiu District and Tianhe District were 3 156.36 and 1 882.96, respectively, indicating that there was a serious conflict between the socio-economic development and ecosystem services value in these two districts. These two districts should take into account the actual situation of the area, increase the value of ecosystem services, and strengthen the utilization of urban space. The conflicts between socio-economic development and ecosystem service value in Conghua District and Zengcheng District were the smallest, and the GDP-ESV index was 4.32 and 14.78 respectively. These two districts should properly carry out eco-tourism to promote the preservation and appreciation of the value of ecosystem services.

Attribution identification of runoff changes of the source region of Danjiang River in the southern Qinling Mountains based on Budyko hypothesis

ZHAO Pei, MA Chen-xi, ZHAO Shi-fa, WANG Zhe

2023, 62(9): 20-24. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.004

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In order to clarify the main influencing factors of headwater runoff change of the Danjiang River, the variation trend of precipitation and runoff in the source region of Danjiang River from 1974 to 2020 was analyzed by using the elastic coefficient method of Budyko hypothesis, and the contribution of factors affecting runoff change was quantitatively evaluated. The results showed that the rainfall increased in the source region of Danjiang River, while evaporation and runoff decreased, and the evapotranspiration decreased significantly （P<0.05）. The study period was divided into the benchmark period and variable period by the mutation year 1989. The average elastic coefficient of precipitation, potential evaporation and underlying surface parameters for the benchmark and variable period were 1.93, -0.93, -1.37, and 2.43, -1.43, -1.26, respectively. The runoff of the source region of Danjiang River was the most sensitive to precipitation. The contribution rate of potential evapotranspiration was 54.76% from 1974 to 1988, and was enlarged to 68.54% from 1989 to 2020. Evapotranspiration was the main factor affecting the runoff change of the source region of Danjiang River in recent years, and the degree of influence was increasing, while the underlying surface had the smallest impact on runoff.

Analysis of land use change and its ecological effects in Guizhou Province

LIAO Yan-mei, YIN Lin-jiang, HAN Min, MENG You-bo, LUO Jie-qiong

2023, 62(9): 25-30. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.005

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Based on the land use data of Guizhou Province in 2000, 2010, and 2020, the land use transfer matrix, dynamic degree, ecological environment quality index and ecological contribution rate of land use transformation were used to explore the land use pattern, transformation, and ecological effect in Guizhou Province. The results showed that, from 2000 to 2020, the land use structure in Guizhou Province was mainly composed of forest land, cultivated land and grassland, and land use transformation was frequent. The overall ecological environment quality in Guizhou Province remained stable, showing slight fluctuations. There was a clear agglomeration trend in space, manifesting as low in the northwest and high in the southeast. The overall ecological environment quality index in Guizhou Province showed a downward trend, and the main factors leading to its decline were the transformation of forest land into grassland and cultivated land, grassland into cultivated land, and cultivated land into construction land. In response to issues such as the reduction of cultivated land, forest land and grassland, as well as the decline in ecological environment quality, more reasonable planning for land use in Guizhou Province would be carried out in the future, and stricter ecological environment protection systems would be implemented.

Study on the spatial and temporal evolution and optimization of cultivated land resources in Kang County

JIANG Chong, ZHANG Qi-cheng

2023, 62(9): 31-37. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.006

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Taking Kang County, Longnan City, Gansu Province as an example, based on land use data from 1985 to 2020, the spatial and temporal change characteristics of cultivated land resources in Kang County were analyzed by using land use transfer matrix, dynamic attitude of cultivated land use and nuclear density analysis, and zoning optimization analysis of cultivated land resources in Kang County was carried out by introducing poly-tillage ratio index and sloping land characteristic index. The results showed that, in general, the cultivated land area and the average slope of Kang County were decreasing year by year, the cultivated land was mainly transferred into forest land, and the land use types converted to cultivated land were mainly construction land and forest land. The total amount of cultivated land resources in the study area with slopes equal to or higher than 15° had decreased the most, the amount of cultivated land decreased significantly between 1995 and 2000, and the overall amount of cultivated land did not change much between 2000 and 2020. The areas with the highest frequency and magnitude of decrease in cultivated land resources were mainly located in the northeastern and central of the study area; the areas with the highest frequency and magnitude of increase in cultivated land resources were mainly located in the southeastern and southwestern of the study area. The areas with a shortage of cultivated land resources were mainly distributed in the north and south of the study area, and the areas with high difficulty in cultivation were mainly distributed in the north and southeast of the study area. Among the coupled cultivated land resource optimization types, the cultivated land restriction area was the most, and the industrial transformation area was the least.

Climate quality evaluation model of “Xiaochang Xue Peach” and its application of regionalization

WEI Hua-bing, WAN Su-qin, WANG Fang-fang, WANG Hui-liang, SONG Zhe, XIE Jia-xu

2023, 62(9): 38-43. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.007

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Using the quality data of peach （Amygdalus persica Linn.） variety “Xiaochang Xue Peach” from Fengshan Town, Xiaochang County, Hubei Province, and the meteorological data in the same period, the comprehensive contribution of meteorological factors to quality in the critical period and the relationship between climatic quality and fruit quality were analyzed based on literature research and field investigation, the climatic quality evaluation model of “Xiaochang Xue Peach” was constructed, and the model was verified and applied in regionalization. The results showed that the key period of quality formation of “Xiaochang Xue Peach” was from fruit rapid expansion to fruit maturity, and the temperature, light, precipitation and humidity during this period were the main climatic factors affecting its quality. The climate quality indexes were the average temperature, cumulative daily temperature range, sunshine hours in the first three periods of fruit rapid expansion, and the sunshine hours, precipitation and average relative humidity in the first three periods of fruit maturity period. The climate quality index calculated by the model was highly correlated with the fruit comprehensive quality index, and the correlation coefficient was 0.944. The climate quality evaluation results of “Xiaochang Xue Peach” in the main production area from 2011 to 2022 by the model were basically consistent with the comprehensive quality grade of fruits in 11 years, with a proportion of more than 90%. In the division results of the climate quality grade of “Xiaochang Xue Peach” in Xiaochang County in recent 5 years using the model, the area with “excellent” and “super excellent” climate quality in 4 years exceeded 85%.

The variation characteristics of soil nutrient, enzyme activity and microbial count under different vegetation types of Heihe wetland

PENG Yi-nan, QI Hong-shan, PEI Yan-li, XI Peng, JI Bin

2023, 62(9): 44-50. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.008

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To provide a scientific basis for improving the restoration strategy of the Heihe wetlands, the effectiveness of planting different vegetation on the restoration of wetland ecosystems was studied. In 2016, a vegetation restoration project was carried out to plant 2-year-old Elaeagnus angustifolia, Tamarix chinensis and Populus euphratica respectively in the west of the Red Army Memorial Forest on the northern bank of the Heihe, and the rhizosphere soil of each vegetation was collected in December 2020, while the natural restoration without vegetation was used as a control to study the differences and correlations of soil nutrients, enzyme activities and microbial quantity among planting different vegetations. The results showed that vegetation restoration improved the ecological environment and alleviated the salinization of Heihe wetland; planting Elaeagnus angustifolia had the most significant effect on reducing soil salinity, and increasing the content of soil organic matter and alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen; planting Populus euphratica had the most significant effect on increasing the content of available phosphorus and available potassium, as well as the activity of urease and alkaline phosphatase in soil; planting Tamarix chinensis had the most significant effect on increasing the total soil microbial quantity; there was a close correlation between soil nutrients content, enzyme activity and microbial quantity. In total, the vegetation restoration project reduced soil salinity in the wetland, and increased the nutrients content, enzyme activity and microbial quantity of soil, and the vegetation restoration was effective for ecosystem restoration in the Heihe wetland.

Study on phosphate-solubilizing ability of a high efficiency phosphate-solubilizing bacterium in rhizosphere of Parashorea chinensis Wang Hsie.

TIAN Xiang, HAN Xiao-mei, HUANG Ping-sheng, LI Wan-nian, YANG Qin-chao, YANG Mei

2023, 62(9): 51-56. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.009

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A highly efficient inorganic phosphorus degrading bacterium P4 （Burkholderia cepacia） from the rhizosphere soil of the Parashorea chinensis Wang Hsie. in Nanning Arboretum in Guangxi was used as the research material, the dynamic changes of phosphate-solubilizing ability and pH of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria P4 within 168 h were studied, and the phosphate-solubilizing ability of phosphorus bacteria P4 under different temperature, pH, carbon source, nitrogen source, C/N and NaCl concentration was compared, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the development and application of phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms in microbial fertilizer production. The results showed that, within 168 h of culture, the content of available phosphorus in the culture medium of strain P4 increased first and then decreased, while the pH of the culture medium decreased first and then increased. At 120 h of culture, the content of available phosphorus in the culture medium was the highest, which was 552.87 mg/L, and the pH of the culture medium was the lowest. Correlation analysis showed that there was a highly significant negative correlation between the amount of phosphorus dissolved by strain P4 and the pH of the culture medium. The strain P4 had the best effect of hydrolyzing inorganic phosphorus and grew well when the temperature was 30 ℃, pH was 6.5, carbon source was lactose, nitrogen source was ammonium oxalate, C/N was 20∶1 and NaCl concentration was 0.5%. It had great potential in the follow-up development of microbial fertilizer.

The influence of different weather conditions on aquaculture water temperature in Ezhou City

HONG Tao, WANG Bao, LIU Ke-qun, TANG Yang, JIANG Run, WANG Xiao-fang

2023, 62(9): 57-63. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.010

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In order to study the impact of different weather conditions on the water temperature of aquaculture, daily and hourly meteorological observation data from the Dushan Town Automatic Meteorological Station and the Ezhou National Meteorological Station in Ezhou City, as well as hourly water temperature observation data from different water layers at the Wuchang Fish Original Farm （Dushan） Base in Dushan Town were used. The changes in water temperature in fishing ponds under four weather conditions： sunny, cloudy to less cloudy, low light, and rainy to statistically analyze. The results showed that the trend of water temperature changes in different water layers of the fishing pond was the same, with the lowest daily water temperature generally appearing from 7：00 to 8：00, and the highest daily water temperature generally appearing from 16：00 to 20：00. The deeper the water layer, the later the highest and lowest water temperatures occurred. The diurnal difference in water temperature was the highest on sunny days, with the highest difference in water temperature among layers. On rainy days, the diurnal difference in water temperature was the lowest, and the difference in water temperature among layers was also the smallest. Under various weather conditions, the amplitude of water temperature change was smaller than that of temperature. The response of the lowest water temperature to temperature lagged by 1~2 hours, while the response of the highest water temperature to temperature lagged by 1~5 hours. The hysteresis effect of water temperature was more obvious under high temperature weather conditions. As the wind speed increased, the water temperature difference in each layer increased, and the maximum value of wind speed appeared earlier than the maximum value of water temperature. PCA double sequence analysis showed that temperature and wind speed from 13：00 to 17：00 could be important parameters for predicting shallow water temperature （30, 50 cm）.

Effect of rice-crab symbiosis on disease and weeds in paddy field and rice yield

LI Wei-jing, WANG Hong-yuan, ZHANG Yi-bin, XU Yang, LI Hao, LIU Hong-bin

2023, 62(9): 64-69. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.011

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In order to clarify the effect of rice-crab symbiosis on the prevention and control of field diseases and weeds, three treatments： Rice monocropping continuous flooding mode （RM-F）, rice monocropping drying mode （RM-D） and rice-crab symbiosis mode （RC） were set up through micro-area experiments, and the occurrence of major weeds and rice blast in micro-areas and rice yield were investigated and analyzed. The results showed that the rice-crab symbiosis mode could basically control the harm of weeds, effectively control the occurrence of spirogyra, and significantly inhibit the occurrence of rice blast compared with the rice mono-cropping mode. The incidence of leaf blast decreased by 14.8 percentage points on average, the incidence of panicle neck blast decreased by 7.2 percentage points on average, and the rice yield decreased but the difference was not significant. Rice monocropping with drying model compared with continuous flooding model, the number of Schoenoplectus triqueter （L.） Palla and the incidence of rice blast were significantly increased, the incidence of leaf blast was significantly increased by 8.3 percentage points, the incidence of panicle neck blast was significantly increased by 4.5 percentage points, and the yield of rice had a tendency to decrease.

Laboratory toxicity test of different biological pesticides against to the 3rd instar larvae of Agriophara rhombata

LONG Li-xue, GONG Xue-na, WANG Xue-song, LUO Zi-wen, YU Xiang-shuai, LI Xiao-xia, LONG Ya-qin

2023, 62(9): 70-73. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.012

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In order to explore biopesticides suitable for controlling tea grain moth （Agriophara rhombata Meyr.）, the leaf dipping method was used. Five biological pesticides, Empedobacter brevis, Bacillus thuringiensis, AcNPV·Bt, HearNPV and Spodoptera exigua nucleopolyhedrovirus were used to detect the toxicity of the 3rd instar larvae of tea cereal moth in the laboratory. The dead numbers of caterpillars after 24, 48, 72, 96 h were counted separately. The death rate, the revised death rate, LC₅₀, the toxicity regression equations, the correlation coefficient and the 95% confidence interval were calculated under different treatments. The results showed that the five biological pesticides had toxic effects on the third instar larvae of the tea grain moth, and the virulence of that under 500 times liquid treatment between 72 h and 96 h showed AcNPV·Bt> Bacillus thuringiensis >HearNPV> Empedobacter >Spodoptera exigua nucleopolyhedrovirus brevis. Bacillus thuringiensis, AcNPV·Bt and HearNPV were recommended as the first-choice agents for the next field efficacy verification.

Inhibitory effects of cinnamon essential oil and turmeric oil against four plant pathogens

GAO Fu-tao, SUN Shu-jun, YOU Xiu-feng, DOU Tao, CAI Yu-biao, ZHOU Lin, LIU Xiang-yang

2023, 62(9): 74-77. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.013

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To study the inhibitory effects of cinnamon oil and turmeric oil on Phytophthora vignae, Rhizoctonia cerealis, Magnaporthe oryzae and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum, the antifungal activities of cinnamon essential oil and turmeric oil were determined by the mycelial growth rate method, and the median effective concentrations （EC₅₀） of the corresponding two essential oils against each pathogen were calculated. The results showed that cinnamon essential oil and turmeric oil had different inhibitory effects on four plant pathogenic fungi, among which the EC₅₀ of cinnamon essential oil on Phytophthora vignae, Rhizoctonia cerealis, Magnaporthe oryzae and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum were 215.03, 204.90, 199.57, 140.20 μg/mL, respectively. For turmeric oil, the EC₅₀ on Phytophthora vignae, Rhizoctonia cerealis, Magnaporthe oryzae and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum were 1 456.14, 358.07, 366.68, 514.88 μg/mL, respectively. Cinnamon essential oil showed higher antifungal activity.

Effects of silicon salt on the growth and development of tissue cultured seedlings of Dendrobium vietnamense

WANG Yi-qin, SUN Bo, HE Ling, SHI Kai-hui, HUANG Xin, WANG Dong-mei, CHEN Yu, ZANG Rui, HE Feng-mei

2023, 62(9): 78-80. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.014

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Using Dendrobium vietnamense as plant material and calcium silicate as the exogenous additive, the calcium silicate concentration that was most suitable for adding to protocorm induction medium and strong seedling rooting medium of Dendrobium vietnamense was selected. The results showed that the most suitable calcium silicate concentration added to the protocorm induction medium of Dendrobium vietnamense was 0.2 g/L, and the protocorm induction rate was 71.43%; the best anti-browning effect of tissue culture seedlings of Dendrobium vietnamense could be obtained when the calcium silicate concentration was 0.5 g/L; the optimum calcium silicate concentration for plant height growth was 0.4 g/L; the calcium silicate concentration with the largest number of branches was 0.3 g/L; the concentration of calcium silicate with the largest number of leaves was 0.3 g/L; when the concentration of calcium silicate was 0.3~0.5 g/L, the rooting effect of Dendrobium vietnamense was better.

Current situation and suggestions of protected vegetable planting in Hubei Province

WANG Yu-hang, LI Di, TAN Qi-ling, HU Cheng-xiao, SUN Xue-cheng, WANG Xiao-ping, BIE Zhi-long

2023, 62(9): 81-87. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.015

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In order to understand the current situation and problems of soil fertility and fertilization in the cultivated vegetable areas in Hubei Province, the data of cultivated vegetable fertilization in 5 representative areas in Hubei Province were analyzed. The results showed that 85.54% of farmers applied organic fertilizer to each crop, mainly chicken manure （including undecomposed） and commercial organic fertilizer, accounting for 39.34% and 46.95% of organic fertilizer types respectively. Jingmen City, Xianning City and Wuhan City far exceeded the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs recommended the upper limit of organic fertilizer application for vegetable commodities in facilities by 497.62%, 186.14% and 109.97%, respectively, while Yichang City and Xiangyang City were lower than lower limit by 16.15% and 63.33%, respectively. The level of fertilizer application was Yichang City> Jingmen City> Wuhan City > Xianning City > Xiangyang City. In Hubei Province, the soil organic matter content was 13.46~44.46 g/kg, the soil pH was 4.84~7.54, the soil salt content was 1.02~3.56 g/kg, and some soil was acidic salinization. Soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and available potassium contents were 48.89~168.47 mg/kg and 110.00~579.22 mg/kg, respectively, with low, medium and high levels. Soil was rich in available phosphorus, available zinc, exchangeable calcium and magnesium. The available copper content in soil was extremely lacking. In Hubei Province, there were some problems in vegetable fertilization, such as excessive fertilizer input, nutrient imbalance, incomplete decomposition of organic farm fertilizer, insufficient application of medium and trace elements fertilizer, and improper fertilization methods. It was suggested to solve the above problems by improving the way of fertilization, applying organic fertilizer reasonably, reducing the amount of fertilizer applied, adjusting the proportion of fertilizer applied, paying attention to the input of medium and trace elements, and developing and promoting special fertilizer for vegetables.

Study on rolling technology of Dianhong Congou black tea

PENG Gong-ming, YUAN Sai-yan

2023, 62(9): 88-92. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.016

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Dianhong Congou black tea is processed through processes such as withering, rolling, fermentation and drying. Rolling plays a crucial role in the quality formation of Dianhong Congou black tea. The effects of different rolling conditions on the quality of Dianhong Congou black tea were studied and suitable rolling process parameters were obtained; firstly, it was necessary to increase the tea sliver rate during the rolling as much as possible and reduce the breaking rate, control the breaking rate between 3% and 5%, and ensure that the tea sliver rate was above 90%; secondly, 6CR-65 and 6CR-55 kneading machines were suitable for the kneading techniques of Dianhong Congou black tea. The pressure should be applied in a “light to heavy to light” manner, with a rotational speed of 46~50 r/min, a leaf amount of about 20 kg, and a kneading time of 60~75 minutes.

Effects of Radix Asparagi interplanting in oil tea forest on soil

KANG Hong-xia, PAN Gao-an, LIU Yin, XIAO Geng-yun, LI Fu-shen, WANG Jing-song, WU Guo-wen

2023, 62(9): 93-96. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.017

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In order to understand the effects of interplanting Radix Asparagi in the oil tea forest on soil, the changes of soil water content, bulk density, nutrients, respiratory intensity and enzyme activity were analyzed. The results showed that the soil moisture content and respiration intensity of forest soil were significantly reduced by the interplanting of oil tea forest Radix Asparagi. Compared with the control, in 2020, 2021 and 2022, the soil moisture content of forest soil decreased by 4.24, 3.19 and 2.42 percentage points, respectively, and the soil bulk density increased by 3.73%, 2.99% and 2.24%, respectively. Respiratory intensity decreased by 28.29%, 30.32% and 33.81%, respectively. In terms of soil nutrients, the contents of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium and alkaline hydrolytic nitrogen in the interplanting Radix Asparagi forest soil didn’t change significantly, but the contents of soil organic matter and available potassium decreased significantly. Compared with the control, in 2020, 2021 and 2022, the contents of soil organic matter in the interplanting Radix Asparagi forest soil decreased by 16.81%, 21.61% and 24.81%, respectively. The available potassium content decreased by 28.46%, 33.42% and 35.88%, and the microbial biomass carbon content decreased by 25.23%, 29.59% and 32.15%, respectively. The content of available phosphorus was increased by 28.76%, 33.53% and 37.20%, respectively. In terms of soil enzyme activities, the interplanting of Radix Asparagi had no significant effect on the activities of sucrase and urease, but the activities of catalase and phosphatase were significantly increased. To some extent, the interplanting of Radix Asparagi in the oil tea forest would reduce the soil fertility of forest land, so it was necessary to apply potash fertilizer in the interplanting management in order to obtain better economic benefits.

Artificial breeding technology of Charybdis feriatus

ZOU Xiong, YANG Ming-qiu, PU Li-yun, LU Jian-xue, XIA Lian-jun, LIU Xin

2023, 62(9): 97-100. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.018

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Taking Charybdis ferriatus as the research object, the developmental stages of Charybdis ferriatus were divided into 7 stages： T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, and M stages for artificial seedling cultivation experiments. The results showed that ① from the average stage survival rate of crab seedlings, the highest survival rate in autumn and spring was in the T1 stage, which was 100%; The lowest survival rate was at the stage of juvenile development, which was 42.5%; the second lowest survial rate was at the large eye larva stage, accounting for 51.1%. During the breeding process of Charybdis pumila, the T6 stage metamorphosis to the large eye larva and the large eye larva metamorphocis to the I stage juvenile crab were the most important stages. ②The overall survival rate of the crab seedlings from the rust spotted crab to the T3 stage in spring and autumn was 48.1%, the overall survival rate of the T6 stage metamorphosis to the large eye larvae stage was 11.4%, and the overall survival rate of the seedlings that eventually developed into the I stage juvenile crab was 5.0%.

Study on anti-thrombotic effect of Ampelopsis grossedentata composite juice in rats

XIE Yong, FAN Zhi-ping, SHI Jia, LIU Qing-qing, GAO Jian-qiang

2023, 62(9): 101-107. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.019

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The Ampelopsis grossedentata （AG） composite juice was prepared, followed by investigating its anti-thrombotic effect in rats. The AG composite juice was used to constantly intervene in the thrombus rats model, that was successfully established by using ligation of the inferior vena cava. The DHM solution and AG juice were used as controls. Rats were then sacrificed prior to determining the weight, length of the thrombus samples, and the antithrombotic rate. Consequently, the physicochemical properties of thrombus samples were measured by using HE staining and immunohistochemistry. Results showed that the content of total flavonoids （1.43±0.11 mg/mL） and DHM （0.66±0.05 mg/mL） in composite juice were significantly lower than those in control groups. Moreover, the length （10.98±1.20 mm）, wet weight （70.6±15.4 mg） and dry weight （49.9±3.2 mg） of thrombus in the model group were obviously higher than those in the normal group. Compared with other invention groups, the length of thrombus （3.92±0.64 mm） and the ratio of thrombus area to the entire inner surface area of blood vessels （32.1±1.4）% decreased significantly in the AG composite juice group, while the thrombus inhibition rate （64.5±1.3）% and dissolution rate （54.2±1.3）% increased significantly. Additionally, the HE staining and immunohistochemistry indicated that the AG composite juice group exhibited lower degree of vascular cell damage in integrity and nuclear fixation, relative expression level （25.2±2.1）% of TBXAS1, as well as a higher positive cell rate compared to other intervention groups. The AG composite juice had a favorable anti-thrombotic effect.

Preparation and quality evaluation of soft capsule with pomegranate seed oil and soybean isoflavone

CHEN Hui-xin, ZANG Yuan-long, LIN Shu-qi, LYU Xian-dong, CUI Hong-jing, HOU Lei, WANG Jing-long

2023, 62(9): 108-112. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.020

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Taking the proportion of pomegranate seed oil and soybean isoflavones, and the percentage of beeswax and soybean lecithin as the main investigation factors, the sedimentation ratio, fluidity, cut, dispersion, total isoflavone and daidzein content as indexes, the preparation process and prescription of the soft capsule with pomegranate seed oil and soybean isoflavone were optimized. The best prescription and process conditions were pomegranate seed oil of 92%, soybean lecithin of 1%, beeswax of 2%, and soybean isoflavone of 5%; drying time was 36 h, moisture content was less than 9%, daidzein content was 1.00 mg/grain, total isoflavone content was 3.73 mg/grain, and the difference of loading quantity met the regulations. The results showed that the soft capsules prepared with pomegranate seed oil as the dispersion medium, soybean lecithin as the emulsifier and wetting agent, and beeswax as the suspending had aid stable process and controllable quality.

Study on the response surface optimization of extraction technology of total triterpenes from Forsythia suspensa leaves and its anti-tumor activity

WANG Xue-fang, CHEN Ling, GUI Rong, NING Er-juan, WANG Wei, WANG Xue-bing, LI Xiao

2023, 62(9): 113-118. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.021

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Taking the extraction rate of total triterpenes as the evaluation indicator, the optimum extraction technology of total triterpenes from leaves of Forsythia suspensa was optimized by ultrasonic extraction technology combined with single factor test and response surface test. Six kinds of macroporous resins were used for further purification, and CCK-8 method was used to detect the proliferation inhibitory effect of total triterpenes of Forsythia suspensa leaves on the human breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, liver cancer HepG2 and SNU-739 cells, colon cancer HT29 and HCT116 cells. The results showed that the optimum extraction condition of total triterpenes from Forsythia suspensa leaves was ethanol concentration of 85%, ratio of material to liquid of 1∶40 g/mL, extraction time of 35 min, and extraction temperature of 60 ℃. Under this condition, the extraction rate of total triterpenes from Forsythia suspensa leaves could reach 14.13%. D101 resin was the best resin, and the content of total triterpenes from Forsythia suspensa leaves could reach 72.89%. The 50% inhibitory concentration （IC₅₀） of total triterpenes from Forsythia suspensa leaves to MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, HepG2, SNU-739, HT29 and HCT116 cells was （6.29±0.34）, （9.51±0.71）, （12.05±1.23）, （9.91±0.94）, （22.82 ±0.65）, and （23.45 ±1.01） mg/L, respectively. The optimized extraction process for total triterpenes from Forsythia suspensa leaves was stable and simple, and it had strong anti-tumor activity after purification.

Identification of mung bean components in food by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR

WANG Cheng, XU Shi-yong, LI Na, WANG Ya-si, CHEN Rui, LAN Qing-kuo, WANG Yong, ZHAO Xin

2023, 62(9): 119-123. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.022

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By designing and screening primer and probe combinations, the real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR（qPCR） reaction system was optimized, and the qPCR method was established to identify the source components of mung bean, and its accuracy was verified. The results showed that the combination of primers and probes screened had good specificity. By optimizing the final concentration and annealing temperature, the optimal qPCR reaction conditions were obtained, and the amplification efficiency could reach 100.3%. The detection limit and quantification limit of mung bean were 0.05% and 0.1%, respectively. In practice, the quantitative deviation and relative standard deviation of simulated samples and commercial samples were less than 25%. The established real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR method could specifically identify and quantify mung bean components in food, with high accuracy.

Simultaneous determination of vitamin B₁, vitamin B₆, nicotinic acid, nicotinamide and caffeine in health foods by liquid mass spectrometry

YANG Yu-ping, XIE Bai-yan

2023, 62(9): 124-129. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.023

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A high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous determination of vitamin B₁, vitamin B₆, nicotinic acid, niacinamide, and caffeine in health foods was established. Hawthorn yeast tablets, B vitamins tablets, multi B vitamins tablets, comprehensive nutrition tablets （for pregnant women）, melatonin tablets, multi vitamin mineral chewing tablets （for children）, Mount Huangshan Ganoderma lucidum spore powder, propolis soft capsules, and health oral liquid were used as test materials. Nine kinds of health food were dissolved in deionized water, and the filtrate was passed through the chromatographic column CAPCELL PAK C18 （150 mm×2.1 mm, 5 μm） to separate. Mobile phase was 0.1% formic acid solution -0.1% formic acid methanol solution. Gradient elution and positive ion mode of electric spray ion source were adopted. The detection mode was multiple reaction monitoring （MRM）, spray voltage was 5 000 V, the ion source temperature was 500 ℃, and the target compounds in 9 health foods were separated and determined. The results showed that the target compounds of vitamin B₁, vitamin B₆, Nicotinic acid, niacinamide, and caffeine had a good linear relationship at the concentration ranging from 5 to 500 μg/L, with R² all greater than 0.990 0, recovery rates ranging from 75.4% to 94.5%, and relative standard deviation （RSD） ranging from 1.1% to 15.6%. The quantitative limits for the five target compounds of vitamin B₁, vitamin B₆, Nicotinic acid, niacinamide, and caffeine were 2.10, 4.47, 3.93, 5.46, and 1.53 μg/kg, respectively. Compared with existing national standards, this method had high sensitivity, simple and fast pre-treatment operation, and strong anti-interference ability, and could simultaneously determine the content of five target compounds in different dosage forms of health food.

Determination of 8 inorganic elements in dried noodles by graphite digestion inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

YANG Wei, LI Rong, MAO Yong-yang, YANG Zi-qiu, LI Tao, DUAN Bao-zhong

2023, 62(9): 130-134. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.024

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A graphite digestion inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method was established for the determination of 8 inorganic elements in dried noodles.After graphite digestion, the content of eight inorganic elements Na, Mg, K, Mn, Cu, Zn, Sr, and Ba in the dried noodles was determined by ICP-MS, and the determination conditions were optimized. Under the selected working conditions, each inorganic element exhibited a good linear relationship within the standard curve range, with a correlation coefficient of ≥ 0.999 5, a detection limit of 0.006 5~1.970 0 mg/kg, a relative standard deviation of precision of 0.7%~3.1%, a relative standard deviation of repeatability of 0.9%~4.7%, an average recovery rate of 88.2%~106.3%, and a relative standard deviation of 1.1%~5.3%. The method was used to determine the wheat standard substance GBW10011a, and the results were consistent with the standard reference value. The comparative analysis results of actual samples showed that there was no significant difference （P>0.05） between the graphite digestion inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method and the microwave digestion method of GB 5009.268-2016 “national food safety standard for the determination of multiple elements in food” （method 1）. The content of 8 inorganic elements in dried noodles ranged from high to low, including Na, K, Mg, Zn, Mn, Cu, Sr, and Ba. The graphite digestion inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method was easy to operate, had good stability, and reliable results, providing a reference for the determination of 8 inorganic elements in dried noodles.

Fingerprint pattern recognition and multi-component content determination of different processed products of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch.

ZHANG Li-xian, WEI Yue, LI Fei-fei, LI Zhi-ning, ZHANG Tao-tao

2023, 62(9): 135-141. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.025

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HPLC fingerprint of different processed products of Rehmannia glutinosa （fresh Rehmannia glutinosa, Rehmannia glutinosa tablets, raw Rehmannia glutinosa, and cooked Rehmannia glutinosa） was established and the content of 11 indicator components was determined. 11 common peaks were identified, and principal component analysis （PCA） and cluster analysis （HCA） were combined to analyze the trend of chemical composition changes during the processing, laying a foundation for the quality evaluation and pharmacologica research of different processed products of Rehmannia glutinosa. The results showed that the method of combining HPLC fingerprint with multi indicator component content determination was suitable for the HPLC fingerprint analysis of different processed products of Rehmannia glutinosa. PCA and HCA results showed that cooked Rehmannia glutinosa was significantly different from fresh Rehmannia glutinosa, Rehmannia glutinosa tablets, and raw Rehmannia glutinosa. Fresh Rehmannia glutinosa and Rehmannia glutinosa tablets were classified into two categories in PCA, while fresh Rehmannia glutinosa and Rehmannia glutinosa tablets were clustered into one category in HCA; the linear relationship between the 11 indicator components was good, with R²≥0.999 5. The variation trends of the content of the 11 indicator components were different. The method of combining HPLC fingerprint with multi indicator component content determination reflected the chemical composition changes during the processing of Rehmannia glutinosa, which was suitable for quality evaluation of Rehmannia glutinosa at different stages of processing, laying a research foundation for pharmacological and pharmacological research and the discovery of quality markers.

A dynamic preparation method for intelligent interpretation samples based on GlobeLand30

CHEN Jing, HE Xiang-yu, CHEN Jian-sheng, CHEN Jing-bo, DENG Yu-peng, ZHANG Xue-hua

2023, 62(9): 142-150. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.026

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A dynamic preparation method for intelligent interpretation samples based on Landsat-8 image similarity was studied from the perspective of image feature similarity. Three sample set selection methods were constructed, including spectral similarity, texture similarity, and spatial proximity.Based on the same U-Net+EfficientNet-B3 semantic segmentation network, the impact of sample sets prepared from selected sample images under three measures on overall classification accuracy was compared. The results indicated that selecting sample images from historical achievement data for model training was an effective method to improve classification accuracy;among the three sample image selection strategies, spatial proximity could obtain the classification results with the highest accuracy and the lowest variance;incorrect labels in historical achievement data could lead to a decrease in the accuracy of intelligent models.

SPAD hyperspectral estimation of spring wheat based on three dimensional spectral index

LIU Xiao-cui, Umut Hasan, Nijat Kasim

2023, 62(9): 151-157. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.027

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To explore the feasibility of estimating SPAD （Soil and plant analyzer development） of spring wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） using the three dimensional spectral index （TBI）, this study focused on spring wheat at the field scale, collected canopy hyperspectral data at the heading stage, and calculated the three dimensional spectral index for any band combination to construct a SPAD estimation model for spring wheat based on the optimal three dimensional spectral index. The results showed that the three-dimensional spectral indexes TBI-1_{（849, 850, 850 nm）}, TBI-2_{（849, 850 997 nm）}, TBI-3_{（850, 849, 850 nm）}, and TBI-4_{（849, 849, 850 nm）} were significantly correlated with SPAD at the range of 400~1 300 nm （P<0.01）; a spring wheat SPAD estimation model was established using three machine learning algorithms： artificial neural network （ANN）, k-nearest neighbor （KNN）, and support vector machine （SVM）. By comparing the estimation results of the models, it was found that the model constructed using KNN algorithm had better estimation performance （R²=0.79, RMSE=2.68, RPD=2.25） than ANN and SVR algorithms.

Design and performance study of a multifunctional electric operation platform for orchards in hilly terrain

YANG Tao, WU Bai-qiang, LI Xiao-xiao, HUANG Bo, RAN Guang-ze

2023, 62(9): 158-164. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.028

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In order to solve the problems of low mechanization of agriculture in hilly terrain and the inability of large agricultural machinery to adapt to hilly terrain operations, a multifunctional micro-electric autonomous driving operation platform had been designed.According to the design concept of dual front end and no cab, the transmission mechanism was driven by dual motors, the driving mechanism was driven by triangular track wheels, and the steering mechanism adopted a four-wheel co-directional steering mechanism and differential steering control system, so that the work platform could drive diagonally to meet the requirements of narrow hilly terrain operations. A 1∶5 prototype model was established to conduct experimental analysis on the ability of the work platform to cross trenches and vertical obstacles. The results showed that the prototype model had a strong ability to cope with complex terrain, with a maximum width of 4 cm for crossing trenches, a height of 5 cm for crossing vertical obstacles, and a minimum turning radius of 20 cm. It could basically adapt to scenarios such as trenches and ramps. From this, it could be seen that the technical solution of the work platform designed in this study was feasible and could meet the actual needs of orchard users in hilly terrain. At the same time, the product development process using theoretical calculations, simulation analysis, and model validation provided new ideas for saving the research and development costs of new agricultural machinery products.

Review of citrus growth monitoring based on remote sensing

PENG Xin-yi, PAN Yu-xia, LI Yan-da, CAO Zhong-sheng, SHU Shi-fu, SUN Bin-feng, YE Chun, HUANG Jun-bao

2023, 62(9): 165-169. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.029

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In order to fully utilize the advantageous features of remote sensing technology in non-destructive, real-time and accurate acquisition of citrus（Citrus reticulata Blanco） growth indicators for quantitative monitoring and precise management, this article reviewed the current domestic and foreign research using remote sensing to monitor citrus biochemical parameters, water stress, diseases, yield and quality, analyzed main challenges existing in the current monitoring, and put forward some ideas for future research, with a view to suggesting directions for future relevant research and the expectation to provide technical support to improve precise citrus management and high-yield as well as high-efficiency cultivation.

Efficient detection method of papaya multiple PCR based on real time fluorescence quantitative PCR

ZHANG Yu-shan, CHEN Jie-bin, WU Liang-jun, ZHU Xuan, OUYANG Shu-fen, SHEN Zhi-hua

2023, 62(9): 170-174. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.030

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Based on the pCaMV35S gene nucleic acid detection kit reaction system, the target gene primers and papaya（Carica papaya L.） DNA required for multiple PCR reactions were added to conduct multiple PCR reactions. At the same time, the effect of real-time fluorescence quantification of the target gene without synthesizing fluorescent probes was investigated. The results showed that in the real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR reaction system, the gene bands amplified by multiple PCR were brighter than those amplified by conventional PCR, achieving real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR reaction of target genes without synthesizing Fluorescence probes, in order to establish a real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR detection method based on real time fluorescence quantitative PCR.

Protective effect of ampelopsin on injury of A549 cells based on AMPK/mTORC1 autophagy pathway

ZHU Hai-bin, ZENG Chun-hui, TANG Mu-lan, CHI Xin-yu, DENG Hao-jian, LI Yu-jun, FANG Jing, XU Hao-liang, YANG Ke

2023, 62(9): 175-180. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.031

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To investigate the protective effect of ampelopsin （APS） on lipopolysaccharide （LPS）-induced A549 cell injury model and its impact on the AMPK/mTORC1 autophagy pathway, the cells were randomly divided into the following groups： normal group, model group, APS high concentration group, APS medium concentration group, and APS low concentration group （80, 40, 20 μg/mL）. Except for the normal group, all other groups were treated with 30 μg/mL LPS to induce A549 cell injury model for 8 hours. After 24 hours of APS intervention, the survival rate of A549 cells was measured using the MTT method. The leakage of LDH in the supernatant was detected using the fluorescence method, and the TNF-α content in the supernatant was detected using the Elisa method. Autophagosome formation in the cells was assessed using the MDC method, while cell autophagy flow was measured using autophagy double-labeled mRFP-GFP-LC3. The p-AMPK/AMPK, p-mTOR/mTOR, autophagy-related protein LC3-II/LC3-I, and P62 protein expression levels were detected using the Western blot method. Additionally, an intervention validation trial using an AMPK inhibitor （CC） was conducted. The trial involved randomly dividing the subjects into different groups, including the normal group, model group, LPS+APS group, LPS+CC group, and LPS+APS+CC group. After co-culturing APS and CC for 24 hours, Western blot analysis was performed to measure the expression levels of p-AMPK/AMPK, p-mTOR/mTOR, and the autophagy-related protein LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ, as well as P62 protein.The results indicated that APS significantly increased the survival rate of A549 cells damaged by LPS, while reducing LDH leakage and TNF-α content. Moreover, APS led to a significant increase in the number of autophagosomes and lysosomes in the cells, along with a downregulation of P62 protein and p-mTOR/mTOR expression. Additionally, the expression of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ was significantly upregulated. Furthermore, when the AMPK/mTORC1 autophagy pathway was inhibited using CC, APS was found to upregulate the expression of P62 protein, p-AMPK/AMPK and LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ proteins, while downregulating p-mTOR/mTOR protein expression. These findings suggested that APS promoted autophagy by activating the AMPK/mTORC1 autophagy pathway, thereby enhancing autophagy flow and exerting a protective effect against LPS-induced damage to A549 cells.

Research on the spatio-temporal evolution and polarization effect of economy-ecology-resource coupling coordination：A case study of Shaanxi Province

ZHENG Yong-qiang, FENG Jian-xi

2023, 62(9): 181-188. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.032

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Taking Shaanxi Province as the research object, the coupling coordination degree model was used to analyze the temporal evolution of the economy-ecology-resource coupling coordination degree in Shaanxi Province from 2005 to 2017, and its spatial heterogeneity and polarization effects were analyzed by combining GIS and TW index. The results showed that from a time-series perspective, the evolution of the economy-ecology-resource complex system in Shaanxi Province had achieved a gradual upgrade from transitional reconciliation to high-quality coordination. From the perspective of spatial differentiation, the coupling coordination state of Shaanxi Province gradually evolved into the circle state, the growth of Guanzhong region was prominent, and the fluctuation of northern Shaanxi and southern Shaanxi was obvious. From the perspective of polarization effect, the province overall effect had changed from polarization effect to diffusion effect. Xi’an was a single-core growth pole, Guanzhong area was the main contribution area of polarization effect, and northern Shaanxi first inhibited polarization effect and then promoted it. Southern Shaanxi first promoted polarization effect and then inhibited it. Combining the results of urban coupling coordination of spatial differentiation and polarization effects, Shaanxi Province was subdivided into four categories： Powerful provincial capital city Xi’an, economy-led area Guanzhong, resource-led area northern Shaanxi, environment-led area southern Shaanxi, and policy recommendations were put forward separately.

Analysis of coupling degree measurement model of regional tourism economy-ecological environment in underdeveloped areas： A case study of Shangluo City

YANG Ying-juan, ZHOU Xiao-ting, LI Bo-dan

2023, 62(9): 189-193. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.033

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The data of Shangluo City from 2009 to 2019 were selected, and the weight index of tourism economy and ecological environment of Shangluo City was determined by entropy method, and then the coupling coordination degree model of tourism economy and ecological environment of Shangluo City was determined, and an effective analysis was made. The results showed that from 2009 to 2019, the comprehensive index of tourism economy in Shangluo City showed a continuously rising trend, and the comprehensive index of ecological environment showed a fluctuating rising state, both of which developed well but still had room for improvement. The coupling degree between tourism economy and ecological environment had maintained a high degree of coupling from 2009 to 2019, and the overall development indicators and coupling coordination degree had shown an upward trend. From 2009 to 2019, the coupling coordination between the tourism economy and ecological environment in Shangluo City shifted from primary coordination to good coordination, and the type of coupling coordination shifted from lagging tourism economy to lagging ecological environment.

Study on spatial characteristics and regional gap of agricultural economic growth： An empirical study based on county panel data of Guangxi

BAN Jin-cai

2023, 62(9): 194-200. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.034

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Based on the panel data of 96 counties in Guangxi from 2004 to 2020, the spatial characteristics and regional disparities of agricultural economic growth in Guangxi were analyzed by using ESDA analysis, spatial differentiation index and Dagum Gini coefficient. The results showed that there was a significant spatial positive correlation between agricultural economic growth in Guangxi, and the “high-high” or “low-low” agglomeration trend was obvious, showing a large spatial difference on the whole; the agricultural economic growth of Guangxi showed significant spatial differentiation, and the agricultural economic growth varied greatly among counties; the regional gap of agricultural economic growth in Guangxi was obvious, and mainly came from the inter-regional gap. Therefore, it was suggested to accelerate agricultural economic growth in backward counties, promote horizontal cooperation among counties, and promote coordinated development among regions.

Research on the spatial pattern and influencing factors of intangible cultural heritage in Sichuan-Shaanxi old revolutionary base area

YANG Yong-ping

2023, 62(9): 201-208. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.035

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Using ArcGIS spatial analysis method, 283 national and provincial intangible cultural heritages in 68 counties （cities, districts） of Sichuan-Shaanxi old revolutionary base area were studied. The results showed that the intangible cultural heritage resources in Sichuan-Shaanxi old revolutionary base area were rich, and the spatial distribution of different types of projects was obviously different. The number of traditional skills was the largest, the number of folk art and folk literature was small, and entertainment, acrobatics and traditional sports were the scarcest; the spatial agglomeration of intangible cultural heritage in Sichuan-Shaanxi old revolutionary base area showed a five-level trend, and the local or cross-regional agglomeration distribution characteristics in the administrative area were obvious; the intangible cultural heritage of Sichuan-Shaanxi old revolutionary base area was mainly distributed in the area of 212~686 m above sea level, and the number of intangible cultural heritage of the same type decreased obviously with the increase of sea level; the distribution of intangible cultural heritage and rivers in Sichuan-Shaanxi old revolutionary base area had a good spatial coupling degree, showing strong hydrophilicity. In the 14~20 km river buffer zone, there was a small contrarian growth process, and then a cliff-like decrease until the distribution number was 0; modern transportation was not the influencing factor of intangible cultural heritage, but the highly developed modern transportation network provided strong support for the inheritance, protection and tourism development of intangible cultural heritage.

Analysis of consumption structure of rural residents in Shaanxi Province based on the ELES model

WANG Yi

2023, 62(9): 209-213. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.036

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The relationship between per capita consumption expenditure of eight consumption items and per capita disposable income among rural residents in Shaanxi Province from 2012 to 2021 was explored. The Extended Linear Expenditure System （ELES） model was used to analyze the marginal consumption propensity, demand income elasticity, and demand price elasticity of rural residents in Shaanxi Province. The results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the expenditure on the eight consumption items and disposable income, indicating a huge development potential for the rural consumption market in Shaanxi Province and more possibilities for local economic development. After years of development, the consumption structure of rural residents had changed significantly. Food and housing consumption were still the focus of rural residents’ consumption, but their proportion had been declining year by year, and emerging consumption patterns continued to promote the optimization and upgrading of consumption structure. The transportation and communication consumption and medical and healthcare consumption had huge consumption potential among rural residents in Shaanxi Province. Their marginal consumption propensity and demand income elasticity also confirmed these two expenditures as consumption hotspots. Finally, relevant strategies and suggestions were proposed to optimize the consumption structure of rural residents in Shaanxi Province from aspects of improving rural residents’ disposable income, strengthening the rural social security system, and improving rural infrastructure construction.

Development status, problems and countermeasures of blue granary industry in China

ZHANG Miao-ling, PAN Si-hua, CHEN Yan-juan, DENG Yan

2023, 62(9): 214-219. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.037

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Starting from the segmentation of blue granary in China, on the basis of summarizing the current situation of blue granary industry, the problems of the lack of top-level design, serious marine environmental pollution, lack of legal system, weak scientific research support capacity in the development of blue granary industry were analyzed, and some countermeasures and suggestions of optimizing top-level design, maintaining marine ecological environment, learning from foreign experience and strengthening scientific and technological innovation capacity were put forward.

Calculation and analysis of scientific and technological progress contribution rate of fishery：Based on municipal panel data of Yunnan Province from 2005 to 2019

ZHOU Rui, WU Jing-dong, ZHONG Wen-wu, LIU Yue-tian

2023, 62(9): 220-225. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.038

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Based on the panel data of 16 prefectures （cities） in Yunnan Province from 2005 to 2019, the Solow Residual method was adopted to establish the growth rate equation to calculate the scientific and technological progress contribution rate of fishery. The results showed that the pulling effect of material cost input on fishery output value was the most obvious. Labor input had a large contribution to fishery output value but had a downward trend. The scientific and technological progress contribution rate of fishery had obvious discrepancy in different times and different areas. Scientific and technological innovation had a obvious pulling effect on fishery development, but it needed to be improved even further. In this regard, the policy suggestions of increasing the financial investment of fishery science and technology, improving the quality of fishery practitioners, and improving the service level of fishery science and technology were proposed.

Analysis of ecological breeding willingness and behavior deviation of poultry farmers

LAN Ding-wang, WENG Zhen-lin, LIU Xiao-chun, XIE Ning, TANG Jin

2023, 62(9): 226-233. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.039

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Based on the survey data of 470 poultry farmers in Jiangxi Province and the theory of planned behavior, the multivariate Logistic regression analysis model was built, and the marginal effect analysis of significant variables was conducted to effectively analyze the influencing factors of ecological breeding willingness and behavior deviation of poultry farmers. The results showed that with the development of economy and society, people paid more attention to health, safety and environmental protection, and the proportion of farmers with ecological breeding willingness and behavior was increasing, but there was still a deviation between willingness and behavior. Among them, the subgroups with the female, 31 to 40 years old, unmarried, junior high school and high school or technical secondary school education, and the monthly income of 2 000 yuan and less were more likely to deviate from their willingness and behavior than other similar subgroups. Based on positive coincidence events, gender, energy input, mood, influence of surrounding relatives and peers, market regulation, convenience, and past habits significantly affected the ecological breeding willingness and behavior deviation of farmers, among which gender, energy input, market regulation would expand the deviation, while other factors reduced the deviation. Accordingly, some suggestions were put forward, such as strengthening the training of breeding technology to improve the awareness level of ecological breeding of farmers, strengthening the positive policy incentives to enhance the willingness of farmers for ecological breeding, and increasing the cost of default to restrain the negative external behavior of farmers.

Study and design on weather insurance indices of river crab：Taking Xinghua City of Taizhou as an example

WANG Zhan, GUO Jian-mao, ZHAO Bei-bei, TIAN Peng-fei, XIANG Yang, ZOU Xue-zhi, WU Yan-li

2023, 62(9): 234-241. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.040

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The real data of river crab production from 2010 to 2019 in Xinghua City, Taizhou were selected, the membership function was designed by using fuzzy mathematics theory, and the “trial and error” and normalized processing method were adopted to statistically analyze and associatively study the influence of different weather meteorological factors （high temperature days, continuous high temperature frequency, rain days, continuous rain frequency, short sunshine days, continuous short sunshine frequency） on river crab production indices （yield per unit seedling amount, survival rate）. The results showed that overcast and rainy weather had a great impact on the actual production of the river crab, while the negative impact of high temperature weather was weakened due to the intervention of human measures. Based on the research results, a weather index insurance product for the river crab （high temperature index, rainy index, overcast index） was designed, in order to promote the development of agricultural meteorological index insurance work in Taizhou City, and provide a pilot scheme for Jiangsu Province and even the national aquatic meteorological insurance business.

Research on the symbiotic path of traditional reading promotion and digital reading promotion in rural areas

CAO Xue-qi

2023, 62(9): 242-248. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.041

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In order to explore the symbiotic path between rural traditional reading and digital reading promotion, firstly, the current research status of rural reading promotion, traditional reading promotion, and digital reading promotion was analyzed. Secondly, based on the theory of symbiosis, a symbiotic system for promoting rural traditional reading and digital reading was constructed from three perspectives： Symbiotic units, symbiotic models, and symbiotic environment. The difficulties and limitations faced by the symbiosis of rural traditional reading and digital reading were summarized. Finally, effective strategies and paths for promoting symbiotic reading in rural areas were explored. By coordinating symbiotic units, optimizing symbiotic models, and improving symbiotic environments, traditional rural reading promotion and digital reading promotion could be organically combined to achieve the symbiotic win-win goal.

Child care, family endowment and female non-agricultural employment：Based on the data analysis of CFPS

HAN Ji-qin, KIPKOGEI Shadrack, HAN Bing, MIAO Xin-ru

2023, 62(9): 249-256. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.042

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The 2014 China Family Panel Studies （CFPS） data was used to analyze the impact of child care on female non-agricultural employment, and to ex plore the role of family endowment in alleviating the obstacles between the two. The results showed that child care had an important and significant inhibitory effect on rural female non-agricultural employment, and family economic capital and human capital could partially reduce the cost of rural women taking care of children and help to alleviate this inhibitory effect. In addition, the heterogeneity analysis from the perspectives of rural women’s age, child’s age, and daytime caregivers was conducted, and the results once again proved that child care hindered rural female non-agricultural employment. This result reflected that there were still some rural women laborers in China who had not entered the non-agricultural employment market because they needed to take care of children. Improving family endowments was conducive to the release of these important laborers, which had practical significance in adjusting the structure of the labor market, improving the family’s economic living standard and well-being and finding a balance between family and work for rural women.

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