HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES

Research status of rape production pattern and fertilization in China

GAN Guo-yu, ZOU Jia-long, CHEN Xi, ZHU Hai, JIN Hui-fang, LI Ji-fu

2022, 61(1): 5-11. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.001

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In order to clarify the pattern of rape planting and production and the current situation of rape fertilization in China, CNKI database was used as the information source, and bibliometric method was used to analyze the published amount, research institutions, published types and project support of rape fertilization research literature, the research direction of rape fertilization and fertilizer consumption in main rape producing areas. The results showed that from 2006 to 2019, the overall rape planting area in China was relatively stable. the total rape yield fluctuated, but the change range was small, and the unit yield of rape increased linearly. The middle reaches of the Yangtze river was the main production area of winter rape. In terms of the number of papers published, the annual number of domestic academic research papers on rape fertilization was more than 200 from 2009 to 2017; The number of articles published decreased, with an average annual output of more than 100 from 2018 to 2020. In terms of document issuing institutions and document types, research institutions in the four main rape producing areas were distributed, and the comprehensive advantages of research institutions in the middle reaches of the Yangtze river were more obvious; The type of documents still focuses on technical application. By integrating and analyzing the data of rape fertilizer application from 2016 to 2020, compared with the national recommended fertilizer application, the fertilizer application in the four main rape production areas was high, and there was still room for reduction, especially the excessive application of phosphorus fertilizer in the spring rape area in the north and the high application of nitrogen fertilizer in the winter rape area in the lower reaches of the Yangtze river. Therefore, all regions should focus on the light and simplified production of rape, promote the light and simplified fertilization, and improve the fertilizer utilization efficiency and economic benefits under the conditions of stable yield and weight loss.

Research progress on Bougainvillea

DU Xue-lin, LIU Yue-ming, WU Qing, HUANG Zi-feng, YU Ming-jie, WANG Feng-lan

2022, 61(1): 12-17. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.002

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Bougainvillea is widely used in urban landscaping because of its colorful bracts, long flowering period, drought tolerance and easy planting. However, it has problems such as high sterility, low seed setting rate, not cold tolerance, easy to be affected by waterlogging, and relatively backward system classification research. Based on the above problems, the research progress on classification, breeding and reproduction, pollen vitality, flowering regulation and resistance of bougainvillea were reviewed, which could provide reference for the related research in China.

Research progress on growth and development related genes of main livestock

WANG Da-hui, HUANG Yin-qin, AN Qing-ming, SONG Xing-ya, LEI Chu-zhao, CHEN Hong, HUANG Yong-zhen

2022, 61(1): 18-21. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.003

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In order to improve the growth and development performance of livestock from the gene and molecular level, understand the relevant genes regulating the growth and development of livestock, and improve the dominant breeding level of livestock, the research progress of main livestock growth and development related genes in recent years was summarized, the existing problems was summarized and its application prospect was prospected.

Effects of sowing rate, fertilizer and herbicide on agronomic traits of rape Jinghua 165

ZHAO Cai-xia, TANG Lin, YANG Guang-huan, YUAN Yu-ting

2022, 61(1): 22-25. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.004

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Using Brassica napus Jinghua 165 as material, a single factor experiment of sowing rate, fertilization level and herbicide was set up to analyze its effects on growth period, yield and yield formation of Jinghua 165. The results showed that when the sowing rate was 9.0 kg/hm², the growth of rape was the best, and the yield was up to 3 061.6 kg/hm²; The yield decreased with the increase or decrease of sowing rate. The local high-yield fertilized rape in Tibet had the largest yield, but the amount of fertilizer was large, so it was difficult to achieve production. The imported NPK40% compound fertilizer could be used to replace the local recommended fertilizer to meet the fertilizer needs of rape production;Herbicides could be used instead of manual hoeing of broad-leaved weeds in vegetable fields. Therefore, when the sowing rate is 9.0 kg/hm², applying NPK40% compound fertilizer and weeding with herbicides, and the growth period is appropriate, Jinghua 165 can achieve higher yield and gradually realize the light and simplified production of rape in Tibet.

Analysis of key quality factors influencing the production of high quality paddy in Ningxia

MA Jing, CHEN Li, YANG Sheng-long, ZHANG Zhen-hai, AN Yong-ping, ZHANG Jiao, LIU Zhen, SUN Jian-chang, LIU Wei

2022, 61(1): 26-29. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.005

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A total of 199 samplesquality from 18 rice varieties collected in Ningxia were analyzed. The results showed that the variation coefficient of chalky grain rate, chalkiness degree and head milled rice rate in Ningxia was high,which were the key factors affecting rice quality. According to GB/T 17891—2017 standard, only 0.00% of the samples reached the 1nd class of high quality paddy, and 6.53% of the samples reached the 2nd class of high quality rice,26.63% of the samples reached the 3nd class of high quality rice. It indicated that the proportion of high-quality paddy produced was low. Head milled rice rate and chalkiness degree in the report of variety evaluation were analyzed. Among the tested rice varieties, high quality rice varieties accounted for 88.89%. The theoretical samples that reached the standards of 1nd class, 2nd class and 3nd class of high quality paddy were 24.12 percentage points, 47.74 percentage points and 58.80 percentage points higher than the measured values, respectively. It shows that the main reason for the low rate of producing high-quality rice in Ningxia is that the key quality factors chalkiness and head milled rice rate are greatly affected by environmental conditions. Therefore, the current measures to improve the rice quality in Ningxia are mainly to optimize cultivation technology, strengthen field management and real-time harvesting, so as to reduce the impact of environmental conditions on rice quality.

Research on the effects of Jijian compound fertilizer and Jijian additives on fertilizer and pesticides reduction and yield increase of rice

ZHANG Wen-chao, LYU Liang, CHEN Zhan-peng, TU Jun-ming, CAI Zheng-jun, JIANG Gan-ming, CHEN Jie, CAO Zhi-gang, ZHANG Qun, JIN Hong-mei, ZHANG Xin, LI Cheng-fang, ZHANG Shu

2022, 61(1): 30-34. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.006

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In order to explore the effect of Jijian compound fertilizer on rice yield and verify the effect of Jijian additives on the reduction and efficiency of rice pest and disease mixed chemicals,the relevant experiments were carried out in Huanggang modern agricultural science and technology demonstration park in 2020. The results showed that in the case of no significant difference in yield increase effect, the application of fertilizer could be reduced by 40%, the application of pesticide could be reduced by 50%, and the amount of herbicide could be reduced by 30%, indicating that Jijian compound fertilizer and Jijian additives have a positive effect on fertilizer and pesticides reduction and yield increase in rice production.

Climate production potential estimation and trend analysis of Sanjiangyuan region in recent 59 years

XU Xue-lian, GAO San-xing-bao, XU Qing-xia, HE Ai-bing, LI Cun-lian, QI Dong-lin, WANG Fa-ke

2022, 61(1): 35-41. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.007

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Using the temperature and precipitation data of 13 weather stations in The Sanjiangyuan （Yellow River, Yangtze River and Lancang River） region from 1961 to 2019, the Miami model and Thornthwaite Memorial model were used to calculate the temperature production potential and precipitation production potential in the sanjiangyuan region, and the relationship between climate production potential and average temperature and precipitation was analyzed. Linear trend analysis, M-K （Mann-Kendall） mutation test and other methods were used to analyze the variation trend, significance, climate mutation and other characteristics of meteorological elements. The inverse distance weight interpolation （IDW） method in ArcGIS was used to analyze the spatial characteristics of climate production potential in sanjiangyuan area, and the sensitivity of climate production potential to temperature and precipitation was discussed. The results showed that the average temperature and precipitation in sanjiangyuan area had been increasing in the past 59 years. The production potential of temperature, precipitation and climate shows an increasing trend in general. The high （low） temperature and the high （low） precipitation directly affected the high （low） production potential. The abrupt change years of temperature, precipitation and climate production potential were 1998, 1998 and 2002. The spatial distribution of climate production potential was higher in the southeast and lower in the northwest, and gradually decreases from the east to the west. There was a positive correlation between the annual average temperature and annual precipitation in The Sanjiangyuan area and the climatic production potential, both of which were the main factors affecting the climatic production potential in the area.

Meteorological factor analysis affecting commodity potato rate of potato in poor mountainous areas of Ningxia

ZHAO Wei-zhong, MA Li-wen, XU Qing, ZHANG Xue-yi

2022, 61(1): 42-45. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.008

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Using the potato historical observation data of Guyuan and Xiji county, Guyuan Great Wall Liang agricultural meteorological test base and Jiqiang town of Xiji county in 2016, precipitation, average temperature, sunshine hours, the meteorological data were synthesized, analyzed the correlation of potato commodity potato rate and meteorological factors, got the key meteorological factors that affecting the potato rate, fitted the potato commodity potato rate, and established a comprehensive weight simulation equation of potato commodity potato rate. The results showed that the average daily precipitation of tuber enlargement was the main meteorological factor affecting the potato commodity potato rate in poor mountainous areas of southern Ningxia. The average daily precipitation of tuber enlargement increased from 1 mm/d to 2 mm/d, the commodity potato rate increased from 34.4% to 76.5% and when the average daily precipitation reached 2.94 mm/d, the commodity potato rate reached 100%. The average temperature of every 40th century （starch accumulation transition period） rose by 1 ℃, and the commodity potato rate decreased by 4.0%~5.5%. Every 10 mm, of 3—4 month precipitation increase in potato commodity potato rate 3.14%~11.01%.

Identification of land use conflicts based on ecological security in Urumqi city

WANG Shan-shan, WU Zhao-peng

2022, 61(1): 46-53. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.009

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In a typical oasis in arid areas of Urumqi city as a study area, based on the ecological importance of the evaluation results to identify the ecological source, and the ecological corridor was extracted by using minimum cumulative resistance model, built a comprehensive ecological security space, in the study area cultivated land ecological conflict, construction land ecological conflict and construction of ecological space distribution characteristics of the conflicts of recognition. The results showed that there were significant differences in the distribution characteristics of land use conflicts in Urumqi city, and the distribution of cultivated land ecological conflicts was relatively scattered, mainly serious conflicts, accounting for 35.46% of the total cultivated land area. The distribution of ecological conflicts in construction land was concentrated, mainly general conflicts, accounting for 53.57% of the total construction land area. In the comprehensive ecological conflicts of cultivated land construction, the area size of each conflict grade was general conflict > relatively serious conflict > non-conflict > extremely serious conflict > serious conflict, among which the cultivated land ecological conflict was the leading factor leading to extremely serious conflict, serious conflict and relatively serious conflict. It is necessary to strengthen the management of land use conflict areas to ensure regional ecological security.

Spatial-temporal evolution and impact effect of agricultural ecological efficiency in the Yellow River Basin

LIANG Yao-wen, WANG Bao-hai, DING Hui-yuan, JIA Shu-han

2022, 61(1): 54-60. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.010

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The Yellow River Basin is an important ecological barrier for agriculture in China. Agricultural ecological problems directly affect the high-quality development of agriculture in the Yellow River Basin. In this paper, super-efficiency EBM model, standard deviation ellipse technique and kernel density estimation with agricultural carbon emission and agricultural non-point source pollution as undesirable outputs were comprehensively used to calculate and analyze the agricultural ecological efficiency of nine provinces in the Yellow River Basin from 2000 to 2019, and the vector autoregressive model was constructed to analyze the impact effect of driving factors. The results showed that the overall agricultural ecological efficiency in the Yellow River Basin indicated a downward trend, and regional differences increased. The polarization phenomenon was gradually prominent, and the focus of agricultural ecological efficiency improvement was low-value provinces. The overall spatial distribution presented a pattern of northeast-southwest, with a trend of migration to southwest. The level of financial support for agriculture, agricultural R & D investment, economic development level and agricultural machinery density had a positive impact on agricultural ecological efficiency, and the agricultural disaster rate and the degree of population aging had a negative impact.

Bio-ecological coupling purification of cultivated wetland study on the characteristics of heavily polluted village water

GUI Song, HOU Jun-xia, WANG Yi-chao, MAO Lin-qiang, HU Lin-chao, ZHANG Wen-yi

2022, 61(1): 61-66. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.011

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In this paper, low-load compound paddy field submersible wetland was used as the main test process, and the method of using the bacteria fortified with rice field wetland to purify village sewage, studied the removal efficiency of the target pollutants in the paddy field wetland under the strengthening of fungi, and analyzed the migration law of dissolved organic compounds in the process of biodegradation. The results showed that after adding B8 bacteria to the subsurface flow wetland in paddy field for 14 consecutive days, during the operation of the device, the average removal rate of total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in wetland system was 91%, 91.34% and 89.22% respectively, which increased by 6.4, 10 and 16.22 percentage points respectively, the average removal rates of COD and UV₂₅₄ were 68% and 70%, which were 8 and 11 percentage points higher than that of the control group. The average effluent concentration was 31.09 mg/L and 0.08. The removal efficiency of wetland system to chlorophyll was good. The removal rate of the group with and without bacteria is 90%, and the average effluent concentration was 2.35 μg/L, the effluent all reached the class IV standard in the environmental quality standard for surface water （GB3838—2002）, which indicated that the B8 fungicide had synergistic effect on the removal of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter in the river water of the village. Through the three-dimensional fluorescence measurement of sewage, it was found that the main component of organic matter in the water was DOM, most of which comes from algae cells in the influent and humic substances in the village drainage, mainly through the cooperation of plants and microorganisms in the paddy field area to achieve the removal.

Spatio-temporal change characteristics and partition driven difference of rural construction land in Jiangsu province

ZHANG Yu, ZHAO Yao-yang

2022, 61(1): 67-73. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.012

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Based on the interpretation data of LANDSAT TM and socio-economic data, the spatial-temporal characteristics and driving mechanism of rural construction land expansion in Jiangsu province from 2000 to 2018 were analyzed by using kernel density estimation, landscape index and GeoDetector. The results showed that： ①The scale of rural construction land in Jiangsu province has been expanding continuously, and the expansion rate has fluctuated and decreased. The fastest expansion rate was 0.71% from 2000 to 2005, and the lowest expansion rate was 0.38% from 2015 to 2018. ②According to the situation of rural construction land transfer, from 2000 to 2018, a total of 2 853.76 km² of other types of land were transferred to rural construction land, of which 87.9% came from cultivated land, and 1 769.00 km² of rural construction land was transferred, of which 66.5% was transferred to urban industrial and mining land, 29.1% were converted to arable land. ③The expansion degree of rural construction land from 2000 to 2018 is as follows： northern Jiangsu > southern Jiangsu > Central Jiangsu. The largest expansion area is in Yancheng, Suzhou and Nantong, all over 100 km², and the smallest is in Xuzhou, with an expansion area of 18.21 km². ④According to the spatial distribution pattern, the kdensity of rural construction land presents the distribution characteristic of "Multi-core", the spatial differentiation is remarkable, the NP reduces, the PD decreases, the LPI increases, the AI increases. Based on the degree of expansion and aggregation, the expansion mode of rural construction land in 13 cities can be divided into seven categories. ⑤The main driving factors of rural construction land expansion in Jiangsu province are rural population, rural per capita income, agricultural structure and the proportion of rural amphibious population. The expansion of rural construction land in southern, central and northern regions of Jiangsu province can be generalized into three models： economic-transportation, population-agriculture and economic-agriculture.

The characteristic of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ atmospheric particulate matter pollution and its prediction model in Tianmen city

JU Ying-qin, MA De-li, DU Liang-min, HUANG Zhong

2022, 61(1): 74-79. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.013

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The annual variation, diurnal variation characteristics of atmospheric pollutant and its relationship with meteorological factor were studied by using the monitoring data of two major air pollutants （PM_2.5 and PM₁₀） from environmental monitoring stations in Tianmen city from January 1, 2017 to May 30, 2020. Results showed that the relationship between PM_2.5 and PM₁₀concentrations and daily average air temperature increased first and then decreased. However the concentration of particulate matter below 10 ℃ increased with the ascend of air temperature, decreased with the increased of air temperature; Precipitation had obvious removal effects on PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ pollutants, meanwhile the concentration of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ decreased by 0.72 μg/m³ and 1.22 μg/m³ respectively with each increase of 1 mm. The relative humidity was 30%~70%, the concentrations of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ increased with the increase of relative humidity; When the relative humidity was 70%~100%, the concentration decreases with the increase of relative humidity; The concentrations of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ decreased significantly with the increase of wind speed. Compare and analyze the prediction ability of multiple nonlinear regression prediction model, multiple linear regression model and adaptive linear neural network model, the multiple nonlinear regression model established by the daily mass concentration of PM_2.5, PM₁₀ and the daily temperature, precipitation and wind speed was suitable for the prediction of the mass concentration of particulate pollutants in Tianmen city.

Classification of lightning hazard intensity based on lightning monitoring and location system

HE Shan, ZHENG Qi-yu, YU Tian-ye, ZHANG Ke-jie

2022, 61(1): 80-84. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.014

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Ground flash density, lightning current steepness and small current percentage were selected as the indexes to classify lightning hazard intensity by using the lightning detection data from 2007 to 2016 in Hubei province. The weight of each index and the classification model of lightning hazard intensity were determined by projection tracking. By using the natural breakpoint method, the lightning hazard intensity was divided into grade I to IV, and the distribution map of lightning hazard intensity in Hubei province was drawn. Overall, the lightning hazard intensity in the whole province increased from northwest to southeast.

Research on the rapid insecticidal technology of tobacco leaves with mechanical nitrogen gas regulation

XIAO Guang-wei, LIU Yong, LAI Zhen-li, LI Xiu-feng, CHEN Zhao-lin, XIAO Long-en, ZHOU Bin-wei

2022, 61(1): 85-88. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.015

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By optimizing the process of mechanical nitrogen-filling adjustment equipment, the time of the oxygen concentration drops during the mechanical nitrogen filling process was reduced. The rapid insecticidal technology for environmentally friendly protection of tobacco leaves was researched and the killing effect of different carbon dioxide concentrations on tobacco beetles under hypoxic conditions was verified. The results showed that by optimizing the process of the mechanical nitrogen-filling adjustment equipment, the time for the oxygen concentration of the tobacco leaf stack to drop to the effective insecticidal concentration could be reduced, and the use of carbon dioxide could quickly kill the tobacco beetles under low oxygen conditions. Environmentally friendly rapid insecticidal technology based on mechanical nitrogen charging could be used as an effective method for tobacco pest control.

A female description of Cheirotonus jansoni （Coleoptera, Euchiridae） from China

LIU Sheng-long, LIU Ling-juan, WANG Dan, WU Fang-shu, ZHOU Shi-zhen

2022, 61(1): 89-90. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.016

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A new female discovery of Cheirotonus jansoni Jordan had been reported in Zhejiang province, China. The specie was rare and belonged to the second class national protected animal. It was found in the monitoring process of the rare insect sample line in Mount Fengyang, Zhejiang province in July 2019, which was a new record of Mount Fengyang. A list of known species of the genus Cheirotonus in China was also provided.

Effects of climate factors on the quality of gray jujube

XIAO Lian-yuan, HUANG Jiu-jun, LIU Chang-yong, ZAN Yong-li

2022, 61(1): 91-97. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.017

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In order to further explore the key climatic factors affecting the quality of Ruoqiang gray jujube, based on the observed climate data of Ruoqiang and Xinzheng in 2019, the effects of climatic factors on the appearance, sugar content, acid, VC, protein and mineral elements of gray jujube were analyzed and explored by means of experimental comparison. The results showed that the influence of meteorological factors on different quality indexes of gray jujube was different and varied greatly, among which the meteorological factors that had the greatest influence on single fruit weight, protein, fruit shape index and soluble total sugar of huizao were average temperature difference, average temperature, average maximum temperature, sunshine hours and total precipitation, respectively; The main meteorological factor affecting Mg content was the maximum humidity; The main meteorological factors of VC and total soluble sugar were average lowest temperature and average relative humidity.

SSR purity identification of cucumber variety Jingyan Lvfeicui

MENG Shu-chun, XU Xiu-ping, LIU Li-gong, SONG Shun-hua, ZHANG Feng

2022, 61(1): 98-101. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.018

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For ensuring the seed genetic quality, increasing the efficiency of application of the variety identification and seed genetic purity on cucumber hybrid seed, alternative 63 pairs of SSR primers have been applied in the screening the molecular markers on the cucumber Jingyan Lvfeicui and their parents. The results showed that 16 pairs of primers complementary to appear polymorphic bands between the parents, clear and stabilized, performing codominance, highly specificity, among hybrids, which can be used to distinct its parents and other varieties. The core SSR primers of Jingyan Lvfeicui were composed mainly of these 16 pairs of primers, formed the SSR fingerprint of Jingyan Lvfeicui, which provided technological information for seeds purity, authenticity of hybrid and parents purifying. Among them, the bands amplified by 10 pairs of primers were high distinguishable, the particularity was strong, as well as the characteristics of clear bands and the result agreed with field test.

Effects of ascorbic acid treatments on quality of fresh-cut red cabbage

FAN Yu-fei, ZHU Zhu-jun

2022, 61(1): 102-105. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.019

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In this experiment, fresh-cut red cabbage was treated with different concentrations of ascorbic acid as a preservative. Under cold storage （4 ℃）, the weight loss, browning degree, antioxidant activity, the contents of soluble protein, soluble sugar, total anthocyanin and glucosinolates in red cabbage were studied. The results indicated that ascorbic acid treatments significantly reduced the increase of weight loss rate and browning degree and the derease of total anthocyanin and antioxidant activity. From the weight loss rate and browning degree, there were no differences among different concentrations of ascorbic acid, however, from the total anthocyanin and antioxidant activity, the effect of 1.0% ascorbic acid was the best. After 7 days of cold storage, the contents of glucosinolates were not significantly changed, however, after 28 days of cold storage, the contents of glucosinolates were largely decreased, the most dereased glucosinolates were aliphatic glucosinolates.

A preliminary study on the crop planting mode with flue-cured tobacco in the rotation cycle in Dali prefecture

SUN Jun-wei, FAN Zhi-yong, HU Yan-xia, ZHANG Jian-bin, WANG Bin, LI Shao-dong, WANG Jing-xian, PAN Wen-zheng

2022, 61(1): 106-108. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.020

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By investigating the tobacco-based crop rotation planting model in the land transfer area of Dali prefecture, the economic benefits and market demand of the main crops were analyzed. The highest income was “flue-cured tobacco-peas-flue-cured tobacco”among eight planting patterns was clarified, the output value of its two-year four-cropping crop was between 22 000 and 26 400 Yuan/667 m². It was preliminarily determined that the siutable rotation pattern is flue-cured tobacco-pea/garlic-rice/corn-pea/garlic-cured tobacco in the non-erhai basin, and the siutable rotation pattern is flue-cured tobacco-pea/lettuce-rice-pea/lettuce-cured tobacco in the Erhai basin.

Studies on high quality cultivation techniques of cut-flower varieties of Lycoris plants

ZHAO Xiu-juan, XI Zhi-fang, WU Shi-jun, BAO Wen-ting, ZHANG Yue, QI Feng-kun

2022, 61(1): 109-114. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.021

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Lycoris cut-flower varieties Lycoris sprengeri, Lycoris aurea, Lycoris radiata and Lycoris longituba were used as experimental materials, the effects of bulb, light, temperature and culture medium on cut-flower quality and yield of Lycoris plants were studied. The results showed that, bulb size and bulb age of Lycoris plants were positively correlated with cut-flower quality and yield. Under different light conditions, with the increase of shading intensity, flowering was delayed and flowering period was shortened. Under the condition of 45% shading, the yield increased, the flowering period was advanced, the length and thickness of scape were increased, and the quality of cut-flower was generally improved. The flowering time of Lycoris plants was affected by temperature, and delayed with the decrease of temperature. The best temperature for flowering was 20~26 ℃. The four varieties all like warm climate, the highest temperature is not more than 30 ℃, the ten day average temperature is 24~26 ℃, which is suitable for Lycoris plants growth. However, there was no significant difference in the yield and quality of cut-flowers. The effect of three culture medium on the quality and yield of cut-flower of Lycoris plants cut-flower was not significant.

Effects of low temperature on the physiological indexes of cold resistance of two colorful Hosta

ZHAO Huan-rui, WANG Ai-wen, LIU Juan, LUO Cai-yun, WANG Xiao-rong

2022, 61(1): 115-118. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.022

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In order to enrich the types of ground cover plants in northern Shaanxi and study the cold resistance of the introduced new types of colorful Hosta, the roots of Hosta ‘aureomarginata’and Hosta ‘albomarginata’ were used as experimental materials to analyze the physiological indexes of soluble sugar, free proline, MAD, SOD and POD activity under the eight artificial low temperature stress gradients from 0 ℃ to -35 ℃. The results showed that as the treatment temperature decreased, all indexes showed an overall trend of increasing firstly, then decreased, but the increase range and the peak temperature were different. The contents of SS, Pro and SOD, POD activity in Hosta ‘aureomarginata’ is higher than that of Hosta‘albomarginata’, but MDA content is lower. Combined with the field observation results of four years introduction, the comprehensive analysis showed that two cultivars of Hosta showed strong cold resistance, and the cold resistance of Hosta ‘aureomarginata’ is relatively stronger.

Study on high efficient propagation system of Rosa chinensis ‘Red and Pink’

YANG Hai-niu, HE Chao-chao, NING Guo-gui, SHA Fei

2022, 61(1): 119-121. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.023

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This study describes an effective regeneration system via calli induction, somatic embryogenesis and embryos germination using leaflets and compound leaf as explants in Rosa chinensis ‘Red and Pink’. The results showed that, high-frequency primary somatic embryos inductions were obtained from petioles of compound leaf combining 2, 4-D, that L-p and as AgNO₃ promoted somatic embryogenesis. When explants were incubated on MS medium supplemented with various concentration of 2, 4-D （3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0 mg/L） respectively, added 400 mg/L L-p and 10 mg/L AgNO₃ and solidified using 0.3% Gel, after 16 weeks culture, they firstly formed embryogenic calli and finally somatic embryos. MS medium containing 1.0 mg/L 2, 4-D, 0.05 mg/L 6- BA and 3% glucose was found to be the most effective in the proliferation of somatic embryos. After germination culture on medium（1/2 MS+3% Glucose+0.3% GEL+1.0 mg/L BA+0.01 mg/L NAA）, a somatic embryogenesis based regeneration protocol were developed and it will be significant to accelerate the propagation and extensive utilization of Rosa genus species.

Study on root system distribution of Camellia szechuanensis Chien based on TRU system in Nanshan Botanical Garden

LI Ling-li, ZHOU Li, HE Yong-shu, TIAN Zhong, SONG Chun-yan

2022, 61(1): 122-125. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.024

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TRU system was used to scan the roots of different diameter classes of Camellia szechuanensis Chien in Nanshan Botanical Garden at different distances from tree trunks. The results showed that, with the increase of diameter, the number of roots with diameter ≥ 1 cm gradually decreased at 0.5 m away from the trunk, which was negatively correlated with the diameter and crown width; At the circular section of 0.5 m and 1.0 m, the number of roots increased from 20 to 35, and the distribution range increased from 12.89~56.19 cm to 9.79~59.24 cm. Among them, 78%~85% of the roots with diameter ≥ 1 cm distributed in the soil layer of 20~72 cm, and about 40% of the roots were distributed in the soil layer of 20~40 cm; Taking the trunk as the circle point, within the 90° fan-shaped radius of 5 m, with the increase of the distance from the trunk, the number of roots with the diameter ≥ 1 cm increased gradually, but decreased near the drip line. After digging the soil, it was found that there were many fine roots near the drip line. Although the number of roots whose diameter is more than 1 cm outside the drip line is still increasing, it is difficult to identify them as Camellia roots. Combined with the practice of Camellia tree maintenance, it is suggested that the fertilizer should be applied in furrow along the drip line.

Analysis on morphological value and application scenario of cultural landscape particles in 4D space

ZHAO Zhong-jian, ZHANG Zhuo

2022, 61(1): 126-132. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.025

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As the basic content of landscape design practice, the cultural landscape is a collection of material landscape elements with certain cultural information. The common design idea of "cultural resource analysis > cultural symbol extraction > landscape expression" not only causes excessive symbolization of cultural landscape design, but easily hinders its value utilization and promotion. Based on the cultural essence of the cultural landscape and the design idea of contextualism, the research object is placed in the 4D space composed of geographical and historical space, and the concept of cultural landscape particles is put forward according to the law of cultural development and the principle of conversion between "Cultural Space - Symbolic Space - Material Space”. This is taken as the research object to analyze the nesting relationship and utilization value between different cultural landscape particles, and the stable form, diffusion form, superposition form and symbiotic form in the development process of cultural landscape particles and their utilization value, and to describe the future and past application scenarios based on the time axis, and to build a basic framework for the judgment, measurement and development and utilization of cultural landscape value in landscape design.

Situation and trend of pig industry in Shandong province under the epidemic situation of African swine fever and New Coronavirus pneumonia

YIN Peng, WANG Zhao-hua

2022, 61(1): 133-138. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.026

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Based on the development status and existing problems of pig industry in Shandong province, the effects of African swine fever and New Coronavirus pneumonia on the pig production, pork market and pig system in Shandong were analyzed, and the pork production and price in Shandong province were predicted by ARIMA model. The results showed that the pork production would gradually return to the original average level and show an upward trend, and the pork price would show a downward trend in the next year. Some countermeasures and suggestions were put forward to continue to strengthen epidemic prevention measures, protect the interests of small and medium-sized farmers, increase scientific and technological investment and optimize the industrial chain.

Diagnosis and analysis of mixed infection of histomoniasis and Salmonella in peacock

WANG Zi-hao, CHEN Zheng-yu, HUANG Chun-hua, CAO Shu-wei, WU Cui-lan, YANG Qi-cheng, XIANG Lei, TENG Shao-hua, WU Zhu-yue

2022, 61(1): 139-142. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.027

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To analysis the cause of death in peacock,clinical observation, microscopy observation, bacterial isolation and identificationand PCR amplification were used. The result showed that the lesions were mainly in the liver and cecum. The surface of liver had yellow and white spots of necrosis. The cecum was enlargement and the cecum mucosa and submucosa was congestion, bleeding and ulceration. Thus, this case was initially suspected to be histomoniasis. The homology of 18S rDNA fragment with Histomonas meleagridis was 97.4%~100.0%. A Salmonella strain was isolated from the liver, which was only sensitive to enrofloxacin, insensitive to 18 drugs and medium sensitive to 8 drugs. It was concluded that causing the death of peacocks were the mixed infection of Histomonas meleagridis and Salmonella.

Design and implementation of RFID temperature label traceability system for cold chain agricultural products

XU Li-rui

2022, 61(1): 143-145. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.028

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Agricultural cold chain logistics traceability system is one of the important application directions of cold chain logistics system in the agricultural field. This paper designs a traceability system for cold chain logistics of kiwi fruit in Shaanxi based on active temperature tag of three RFID tags. The system realizes the real-time measurement, monitoring and statistics of the whole process temperature of Shaanxi kiwi cold chain logistics by using RFID temperature label. The system provides a reference for the development of kiwi cold chain temperature control management system while facilitating consumers to trace product quality.

Research on consumer satisfaction perception of Selenium-enriched tea review text based on machine learning

WANG Tao, LIU Xing-liang, WANG Hong-qi, YU Zhi-jun

2022, 61(1): 146-152. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.029

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In order to explore the important influence of online comment data of agricultural products on consumer satisfaction decision-making, the selenium-enriched tea with experience was selected as the research object, machine learning classification algorithm was used to classify the sentiment of the selenium-enriched tea review text, and TF-IDF and LDA models perform visual mining of text feature words and topics, and identify factors affecting consumers’ satisfaction with selenium-enriched tea. The study found that consumer satisfaction was mainly embodied in the five factors of product trust perception, marketing perception, quality perception, logistics service and price perception. Quality perception and trust perception were the main factors that affect negative consumer satisfaction ratings. Through machine learning and data mining, different dimensions of consumer satisfaction indicators for selenium-enriched tea are identified, which can provide marketing decision-making reference for enterprises and governments, and provide reference value for promoting the brand building and industrial development of selenium-enriched tea of regional characteristic agricultural products.

An empirical study on the impact of digital economy on the interaction and integration of agriculture and tourism

YIN Jing-yu, WANG Chen-chen, FANG Lin, ZHOU Xiao-ting

2022, 61(1): 153-156. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.030

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Taking agriculture and tourism as the research theme, on the basis of sorting out the theory of the interaction and integration of agriculture and tourism promoted by digital economy, a coupling coordination model was constructed by using the relevant data of each province, so as to calculate the integration degree of agriculture and tourism in all regions of China from 2010 to 2018. Then with the help of mediating effect, this paper empirically tested the influence of digital economy on the interaction and integration of agriculture and tourism and the existing internal mechanism. The results show that digital economy plays a positive role in promoting the interactive integration of agriculture and tourism. At the same time, in the process of accelerating the interactive integration of agriculture and tourism, capital accumulation and consumption demand play a partial intermediary effect. This is not only a realistic basis, but also an important practical guiding significance for the development of digital economy technology to promote the structural optimization of various industries in China,in order to provide reference for promoting the deep integration of China’s agriculture and tourism, industrial transformation and upgrading.

Digital economy empowers the integration of three industries： Theoretical logic, practical investigation and institutional guarantee

ZHU Zi-sheng, ZHANG Li-li

2022, 61(1): 157-160. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.031

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By analyzing the basis of practice, economic benefits, and social benefits, it was inferred that it was logically necessary to promote the digital economy to help the development of rural tertiary industry integration. To sort out and learn from the governance measures of developed countries, address the lack of digital security, standard system defects, and lack of supervision systems in the practice of China’s rural industrial integration, it was proposed to build a diversified prevention and control mechanism with digital elements as the core, diversified governance system as the foundation, and normalized supervision as the guarantee.

An empirical study on the measurement of rural e-commerce development level： Based on triangular fuzzy entropy-entropy method

HOU Xu-fang

2022, 61(1): 161-165. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.032

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Taking some rural e-commerce demonstration districts and counties in Liaoning province as the research object, an evaluation index system of the e-commerce development level of Liaoning province was constructed; using the triangular fuzzy entropy-entropy method, the level of rural e-commerce development in Liaoning province was analyzed. The results showed that the development level of rural e-commerce in Liaoning province was relatively backward; the development level of e-commerce demonstration counties was higher than that of non-demonstration counties, but the gap was not large. Based on the analysis results, some suggestions for the development of rural e-commerce were put forward.

Study on land resource endowment degree and agricultural industry layout：A case study of Shuozhou city, Shanxi province

GUO Jia-jun, LI Qian

2022, 61(1): 166-170. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.033

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In order to activate land resource elements and improve agricultural production capacity and quality, focused on the low coordination between land use and scattered layout of agricultural industry, and based on the data of land use and statistical yearbook of Shuozhou city, Shanxi province in 2018, this paper took 6 counties and districts of Shuozhou city as the research object, and used the fully arranged polygon comprehensive index method to comprehensively evaluate the land resource endowment degree of each county and district in Shuozhou city, which had the index system of land quantity structure, land use structure and land quality and efficiency. The results show that the endowment degree of land resources in each county and district of Shuozhou city is Shanyin county > Ying county > Shuocheng district > Youyu county > Huairen city > Pinglu district. Based on the comprehensive consideration of the degree of land resource endowment, the total power of agricultural machinery, the output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, and the number of agricultural working population, the six counties and districts of Shuozhou city were divided into three categories： Full utilization - efficiency innovation, moderate adjustment - returns to scale and concentrated development - characteristic planting and breeding by systematic cluster analysis. In addition, it guided the development of agricultural industry through zoning planning, adjusted the land use structure while tapping the potential of land use, optimized the allocation of agricultural resources, and made detailed plans to optimize the layout of agricultural industry, so as to provide new ideas for seeking high-quality agricultural development approaches.

Research on the development of fruit trade between China and ASEAN under the background of “The Belt And Road”

XU Hui-jin, WANG Zhao-hua

2022, 61(1): 171-176. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.034

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Both China and ASEAN countries are major fruit trading countries in the world, and fruit trade has become an important part of bilateral trade. The implementation of "The Belt And Road" initiative has provided new impetus for the sustainable growth of bilateral trade.Based on the analysis of the current situation of fruit trade between China and ASEAN, the competitiveness and growth potential of fruit trade between China and ASEAN were studied comprehensively by means of display comparative advantage index, trade competitive advantage index,international market share index and trade intensity index. The results show that the competitive advantage of Chinese fruit in the international market is low,there is a gap between China and ASEAN, but the positive factors of bilateral fruit trade play a significante role and the trade relationship is close. Based on the above analysis, the countermeasures and suggestions to enhance the competitiveness of China’s fruit trade are put forward.

Evolution and optimization of cross-strait agricultural cooperation mode：Take the north core area of the Zhanjiang cross-strait agricultural cooperation experimental zone as an example

WU Feng, CHEN Han-neng

2022, 61(1): 177-181. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.035

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Zhanjiang cross-strait agricultural cooperation experimental zone since its inception, to Zhanjiang agriculture, especially the development of fruits, flowers, nursery stock industry plays an exploration and leading role, to promote the development of regional industrial integration and making a good demonstration for the development of the industry. In the first year of the “14th Five-Year Plan”, according to its construction guidelines, the north core area of the Zhanjiang cross-strait agricultural cooperation experimental zone was explored and studied. It was found that the high quality development of the experimental zone was faced with problems such as uncoordinated overall planning, incomplete planning, insufficient digital information platform construction, insufficient development funding, and inefficient collaborative innovation. Through investigation and analysis, the corresponding countermeasures are put forward for the optimization development of the experimental area, such as overall planning power, endurance, influence, explosive power and innovation power.

Population aging and income of rural residents in Jiangsu province

GONG Shi-en, MAO Xin-tong

2022, 61(1): 182-187. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.036

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This study theoretically analyzed the impact mechanism of rural population aging on income and structure from different sources, and made an empirical test by using the panel data of 13 prefecture level cities in Jiangsu province from 2009 to 2019. The study found that the population aging had an impact on the income structure of rural residents in Jiangsu province. The rise of the aging rate inhibited the acquisition of wage income, operating income and property income of rural residents, but it was accompanied by the increase of transfer income; After adding the adjustment variable of regional economic development level, it was found that economic growth helped to alleviate the negative impact of aging on rural residents’ income; Jiangsu province was further divided into three regions： Southern Jiangsu, Central Jiangsu and Northern Jiangsu. It was found that due to the differences in regional economic development, there were regional differences in the impact of aging on the income of rural residents, but it would have a negative impact on the income of farmers as a whole. The research provides policy enlightenment for promoting the growth of regional farmers’ income and realizing the goal of common prosperity under the background of population aging.

The influence of government policies on the innovation behavior of agricultural listed companies

GAO Xia, HAN Peng-cheng, PENG Hui

2022, 61(1): 188-194. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.037

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By using text search analysis, individual fixed effect model and individual random model, the impact of government policies on the innovation input and output of agricultural listed companies were studied. The results showed that government financial support policies produced crowding out effect, product procurement policies and financing environment policies were conducive to improve the level of R & D investment. Outsourcing policies and industrial basic policies had positive effect on the investment of technical personnel, foreign trade policies and financing environment policies had negative effect on the investment of technical personnel. Financial support policies, product procurement policies and economic norms policies were conducive to improve the level of patent output. The financial support policies reduced the patent output. The policy suggestions of the government to support the innovation of agricultural listed companies were put forward.

The goal orientation of the reform of rural medical security poverty alleviation policy： Change from “cliff effect” to “slope effect”

LIU Han-cheng

2022, 61(1): 195-198. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.038

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How to alleviate the “cliff effect” of medical security and welfare is an urgent problem facing the current stage of consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization. Combined with the survey data of Hubei province, the “cliff effect” of the medical security welfare of poor and non-poor was analyzed in the stage of poverty alleviation. The results show that under the framework of the medical security poverty alleviation policy, the medical security benefits of the poor households enjoy are significantly higher than the non-poor households. Although the resulting “cliff effect” can effectively solve the poverty alleviation problem of the poor households, it can not effectively prevent the poverty-causing problem of the non-poor households, especially the poor marginal households. Based on this, some suggestions are put forward, such as limiting the conditions of hospitalization and outpatient reimbursement, establishing unified medical assistance standards, implementing classified assistance measures and strengthening the system construction of medical services.

Development status and suggestions of vegetable industry in Xiangyang city

ZHANG Jie, WANG Zhao-xia, ZHANG Zi-yong, WANG Si-qing, ZHU Jie, WEN Hai-xia, SU Xiu-li, ZHANG Yan, WEI Jing, YAN Xue-hua

2022, 61(1): 199-202. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.039

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Vegetable industry is one of the 10 industrial clusters in Xiangyang city, which is the dominant vegetable producing area in Hubei province. On the basis of investigation and research, this study introduced the basic situation of the development of vegetable industry in Xiangyang city, analyzed the main problems existing in the development of vegetable industry in Xiangyang city, and put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.

Analysis of stakeholders in the development of leisure agriculture

WANG Li-jun

2022, 61(1): 203-206. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.040

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With the continuous promotion of the rural revitalization strategy, leisure agriculture has gradually become an important path to realize the integrated development of urban and rural areas. Based on stakeholder theory, this paper analyzes the interest demands and conflicts between stakeholders and different subjects in the development of leisure agriculture, and puts forward solutions, first the local government should make overall planning and coordinate the interest relationship. Second,enterprises should improve their sense of responsibility and give back to the society. Third,Local villagers need to receive re-education and improve their viability.

Research on sustainable development of rural green transformation：Taking D village in Anhui province as an example

CHENG Zi-rui

2022, 61(1): 207-210. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.041

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In order to clarify the logic of rural green transformation, interview method and participation observation method were adopted to conduct field investigation on D village of Anhui province. It was found that the government-led rural green transformation had not reached all-round and in-depth participation, and the development and operation lack motivation, and the internal benefit pattern was complicated. In order to realize the sustainable development of rural areas, we should find the right position of the government, improve the participation of villagers, and improve the market competitiveness of products.

Regional heterogeneity analysis of return to poverty risk and consolidation of poverty alleviation achievements

WANG Yi, GUO Meng

2022, 61(1): 211-217. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.042

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Through the calculation of poverty breadth, poverty depth and poverty intensity in 14 areas from 2013 to 2019, this study made a macro judgment on the results of poverty alleviation and the risk of returning to poverty in the contiguous extremely poor areas since their establishment. The results show that the overall poverty reduction effect is remarkable, but there are temporal and spatial differences in the evolution speed and process, and the poverty alleviation effect and poverty return risk show regional heterogeneity. The three prefectures in southern Xinjiang, Liupan mountain area, western Yunnan border mountain area and Wumeng mountain area are the most difficult to consolidate the results of poverty alleviation and the greatest risk of returning to poverty. Areas with low risk of poverty return include the southern foot of Daxing’an mountains, Qinba mountains, Yanshan Taihang mountains, Luoxiao mountains and Luliang mountains. Therefore, some policy suggestions are put forward, such as anchoring the weak board indicators of key regions, breaking through the contradiction of cross regional governance, excavating multi-body functions, effectively connecting rural revitalization and ensuring sustainable development.

Self governance： Practical dilemma and mechanism reconstruction of rural residential environment improvement：Taking TG district of Jinzhong city in Shanxi province as an example

LI Na-chuan, WANG Wen-chang, CUI Teng-fei

2022, 61(1): 218-224. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.01.043

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Continuously improving the living environment in rural areas is an important task in implementing the rural revitalization strategy, which is related to the fundamental well-being of farmers. In order to get rid of many practical difficulties exposed by the practice of rural residential environment improvement, such as weak motivation of farmers’ independent governance behavior, low willingness to cooperate, poor effectiveness of rules and so on. On the basis of independent governance theory, this study analyzed the practical difficulties of rural human settlements improvement in TG district of Jinzhong city, Shanxi province through field investigation and unstructured interview, and finally put forward the resolution mechanism from three aspects： Behavior motivation, cooperation willingness and rule effectiveness.

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