Analysis of land-use change and driving factors in two decades before and after returning farmland to forest in Yan’an City

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.003

Abstract

Abstract: Using 7 periods of remote sensing data of land use types from 1980 to 2020 and the data of precipitation, temperature, population and GDP from 1981 to 2020, the changes of the spatial pattern of national land and its response to climate change before and after the reforestation of Yan’an City were analyzed by using mathematical statistics and transfer matrix. The results showed that before the grain for green, under the dual influence of drought and population increase, grass seed land was destroyed and the area of cultivated land had increased by 327.24 km² in Yan’an City. And after the grain for green, the cultivated land decreased by 2 421.84 km². The decrease period was mainly concentrated from 2000 to 2010, accounting for 94.1% of the reduction area of the cultivated land. The cultivated land was mainly converted into forest and grass land. The area of forest land in Yan’an increased by 923.43 km², with the most obvious change in other forest land, accounting for 65.9% of the increasing area of forest land, followed by shrubland, the increasing area accounting for 25.2%. The area of grassland in Yan’an City increased by 1 362.02 km² after the grain for green, with 338.63, 1 186.41 km² of high and medium cover grassland respectively, while low cover grassland remained basically unchanged. After 2000, the increase in precipitation and high temperature in Yan’an City, especially in the northern part of Yan’an City, where annual precipitation reached 520 mm or more, were the main reasons for the formation of woodland and medium and high cover grassland. Land use changes were mainly concentrated in the northern part of Yan’an City, and the area of low-cover grassland in the northern part accounted for 17.1% of the land area of the northern counties and urban areas in 2020, but the ecology was still fragile, and the continued warming and increasing uncertainty of climate seriously restricted the ecological recovery in the northern part of Yan’an City, which needed policy support and continuous attention.

Key words: grain for green, land use, driving factor, Yan’an City

CLC Number:

F301.2

WANG Xiao-fei, SUN Zhi-hui, LIU Zhi-chao, CAO Xue-mei. Analysis of land-use change and driving factors in two decades before and after returning farmland to forest in Yan’an City[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2023, 62(4): 12-19.

References

[1] STERLING S M,DUCHARNE A,POLCHER J.The impact of global land-cover change on the terrestrial water cycle[J].Nature climate change,2013,3:385-390.
[2] VAUTARD R,CATTIAUX J,YIOU P,et al.Northern hemisphere atmospheric stilling partly attributed to an increase in surface roughness[J].Nature geoscience,2010,3:756-761.
[3] ZHANG X P,ZHANG L,ZHAO J,et al. Responses of streamflow to changes in climate and land use/cover in the Loess Plateau, China[J].Water resources research,2008,44:W00A07.
[4] WANG S,FU B J,PIAO S L,et al.Reduced sediment transport in the Yellow River due to anthropogenic changes[J].Nature geoscience,2016,9:38-41.
[5] 陕西延安退耕还林20载山川黄变绿[J].绿色中国,2020(1):56-59.
[6] 贺炳彦,高婷.延安市土地利用变化及生态效应研究[J].江苏农业科学,2020,48(24):286-292.
[7] 夏岩,张姝琪,高文冰,等.黄土高原变绿对黄河中游延河流域径流演变的影响估算[J].地球科学与环境学报,2020,42(6):849-860.
[8] 董起广,韩霁昌,张卫华,等.延安市土地利用与土壤侵蚀关系研究[J].人民黄河,2016,38(4):79-81,128.
[9] 时亚坤,张瑞.陕北地区退耕还林对大气湿度和地表温度的影响研究[J].环境科学与管理,2021,46(6):155-159.
[10] 薛亚永. 陕北黄土高原退耕还林对地表气温的影响[D].西安:长安大学,2017.
[11] 朱娴. 黄土高原植被覆盖时空动态及其对气候因子的响应研究[D].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2019.
[12] 韩磊,火红,刘钊,等.基于地形梯度的黄河流域中段植被覆盖时空分异特征——以延安市为例[J].应用生态学报,2021,32(5):1581-1592.
[13] 刘晓涵. 陕西省延安市土地利用/覆被变化及驱动力研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2020.
[14] 胡健,胡金娇,吕一河.基于黄土高原关键带类型的土地利用与年径流产沙关系空间分异研究[J].生态学报,2021,41(16):6417-6429.
[15] 袁和第,信忠保,侯健,等.黄土高原丘陵沟壑区典型小流域水土流失治理模式[J].生态学报,2021,41(16):6398-6416.
[16] 李晶,刘乾龙,刘鹏宇.1998—2018年呼伦贝尔市植被覆盖度时空变化及驱动力分析[J].生态学报,2022,42(1):220-235.
[17] 焦春萌,谢明阳,焦峰,等.1990—2020年延安市土地利用结构时空偏移及生态系统服务价值变化[J].水土保持通报,2021,41(6):274-281.
[18] 火红,韩磊,奥勇,等.基于高程和坡度分级的延安市土地利用格局研究[J].人民黄河,2021,43(6):112-117.
[19] 李登科,王钊.退耕还林后陕西省植被覆盖度变化及其对气候的响应[J].生态学杂志,2020,39(1):1-10.
[20] 孙智辉,雷延鹏,任继帮,等.退耕前后吴起地区土地利用变化对温度的影响[J].气象,2010,36(12):109-115.
[21] 邓元杰,侯孟阳,谢怡凡,等.退耕还林还草工程对陕北地区生态系统服务价值时空演变的影响[J].生态学报,2020,40(18):6597-6612.
[22] 延安市统计局,延安市第七次全国人口普查领导小组办公室. 延安市第七次全国人口普查主要数据公报[N].延安日报,2021-05-21(006).
[23] 延安市统计局,国家统计局延安调查队.2020年延安市国民经济和社会发展统计公报[N].延安日报,2021-03-17(06).
[24] 刘纪远,宁佳,匡文慧,等.2010—2015年中国土地利用变化的时空格局与新特征[J].地理学报,2018,73(5):789-802.
[25] 李艳忠,刘昌明,刘小莽,等.植被恢复工程对黄河中游土地利用/覆被变化的影响[J].自然资源学报,2016,31(12):2005-2020.
[26] 刘晓娜,封志明,姜鲁光,等.西双版纳土地利用/土地覆被变化时空格局分析[J].资源科学,2014,36(2):233-244.
[27] PENG W F,WANG G J,ZHOU J M,et al.Studies on the temporal and spatial variations of urban expansion in Chengdu,Western China, from 1978 to 2010[J].Sustainable cities and society,2015,17:141-150.
[28] 马超,马雯思,王孜健,等.中国大陆1951—2012年400 mm等降水量线的迁移及诱因[J].河南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2016,35(4):520-525.
[29] 王浩,严登华,秦大庸,等.近50年来黄河流域 400 mm等雨量线空间变化研究[J].地球科学进展,2005,20(6):649-655.
[30] 聂桐,董国涛,蒋晓辉,等.延安地区植被覆盖度时空变化及驱动力[J].水土保持研究,2021,28(5):340-346.