Abstract: Based on the perspective of low-carbon economy,using the statistical yearbook data of Shaanxi Province, taking the six major aspects of the agricultural production （chemical fertilizers, pesticides, agricultural films, diesel oil, plough and irrigation） of carbon emissions as “bad output” indicators into the grain productivity analysis framework, the Malmquist-Luenberger index model was constructed to analyze the grain productivity in Shaanxi Province from 2010 to 2019 when considering the carbon emission factors. And the multiple regression model was constructed to analyze the influencing factors of grain productivity from the perspective of low-carbon economy. The results showed that the total factor productivity and the technology progress of grain in Shaanxi province showed an increasing trend from 2010 to 2019 under the condition of carbon emission, but the annual growth rate was slow, and the technical efficiency index of grain was 0.995, indicating that the technical efficiency was ineffective. On this basis, the countermeasures and suggestions were put forward to improve the low-carbon productivity of grain in Shaanxi Province from five aspects of the development of low-carbon agricultural science and technology, the transformation of low-carbon scientific and technological achievements, the construction of the promotion and innovation system of low-carbon agricultural science and technology, the establishment of the guarantee mechanism of scientific researchers, and the cultivation of farmers’ awareness of low-carbon production.

Key words: grain productivity, Shaanxi Province, low-carbon agriculture, Malmquist-Luenberger index model, total factor productivity, influencing factors