Abstract: China's poverty alleviation has achieved a comprehensive victory,but poverty alleviation is not the end. It is necessary to establish an early warning and blocking mechanism for poverty. In view of this, based on the perspective of feasible capability theory, this paper summarized the main methods and results of targeted poverty alleviation in J city,H province, and analyzed the risk points affecting the return of poverty-stricken people in J city, and established a mechanism for preventing the return of poverty-stricken people： Increasing poverty the political participation of the population provides equal social status for the poor, strengthening infrastructure construction and industrial development, and improving the social security system. In order to provide references for consolidating the achievements of poverty alleviation and fostering long-term poverty alleviation mechanisms in poor areas.

Key words: population out of poverty, early warning of returning to poverty, blocking mechanism, feasible capability, J city