稻虾种养模式下稻田温室气体排放规律研究

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用静态箱-气相色谱法在江汉平原开展了稻虾种养模式和中稻单作下稻田CH₄和N₂O排放的对比监测试验,重点探究了稻虾种养模式下稻田温室气体排放强度特征及田间表层水深和气温对稻虾种养田温室气体排放的影响,为江汉平原稻田温室气体排放核算评估和减排技术制定提供参考依据。结果表明,与常规中稻田相比,稻虾种养田CH₄排放总量显著增加369.3%（P<0.05）,N₂O排放总量显著降低33.3%（P<0.05）,N₂O与CH₄排放呈此消彼长的关系;增温潜势的主要贡献来源为CH₄排放,稻虾种养模式田温室气体排放强度比常规中稻田显著增加1.06 kg CO₂-e/kg（P<0.05）;稻虾种养田CH₄的排放通量与田间表层水深和温度呈显著正相关（P<0.05）,常规中稻田非淹水期N₂O排放与箱内温度呈显著正相关（P<0.05）。稻虾种养田温室气体的高排放主要由持续淹水厌氧状态导致,探究该模式CH₄减排举措最为关键;中稻由于水旱轮作,稻田温室气体排放较低,可作为低碳减排的主要稻作类型。

关键词: 稻虾种养模式, 增温潜势, 温室气体强度, 江汉平原

Abstract: A comparative monitoring experiment of CH₄ and N₂O emissions from paddy fields under rice-shrimp planting and breeding mode and middle rice monoculture was carried out in Jianghan Plain by the static chamber-gas chromatography method. The characteristics of greenhouse gas emission intensity in paddy fields under rice-shrimp planting and breeding mode and the effects of surface water depth and temperature on greenhouse gas emissions from rice-shrimp planting and breeding fields were mainly explored, which would provide a reference for the assessment of greenhouse gas emissions from rice fields and the formulation of emission reduction technologies in the Jianghan Plain. The results showed that compared with the conventional middle rice field, the cumulative CH₄ emission in rice-shrimp planting and breeding fields was significantly increased by 369.3%（P<0.05）, and the cumulative N₂O emission was significantly reduced by 33.3%（P<0.05）. There was a reciprocal relationship between N₂O and CH₄ emissions. The main contribution of warming potential was CH₄ emission, the greenhouse gas emission intensity of rice-shrimp planting and breeding fields was significantly increased by 1.06 kg CO₂-e/kg compared with that of the conventional middle rice field. There were significant positive correlation between CH₄ emission flux and surface water depth, and between CH₄ emission flux and surface water temperature in rice-shrimp planting and breeding fields （P<0.05）. There was a significant positive correlation between N₂O emission and temperature in the box in the conventional middle rice field during the non-flooding period （P<0.05）. The high emission of greenhouse gases in rice-shrimp planting and breeding fields was mainly caused by the continuous flooding and anaerobic state, and it was the most critical to explore the CH₄ emission reduction measures of this mode; the middle rice field had the low greenhouse gas emission due to the rotation of paddy-upland, and could be used as the main type of rice crop with low carbon emission reduction.

Key words: rice-shrimp planting and breeding model, warming potential, greenhouse gas intensity, Jianghan Plain

中图分类号:

李清海, 谢青芸, 叶佩. 稻虾种养模式下稻田温室气体排放规律研究[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2023, 62(10): 30-36.

LI Qing-hai, XIE Qing-yun, YE Pei. Research on the law of greenhouse gas emissions from rice fields under the rice-shrimp planting and breeding model[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2023, 62(10): 30-36.

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