湖北农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (3): 218-223.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.034

• 气象·气候 • 上一篇    下一篇

气候背景下林麝适宜生境的最大熵模型(MaxEnt)研究

赵金鹏1,2, 王庆1,2, 郑程莉3, 胡婧媛1,2, 王茹琳1,2, 姜淦1,2   

  1. 1.高原与盆地暴雨旱涝灾害四川省重点实验室,成都 610072;
    2.四川省农村经济综合信息中心,成都 610072;
    3.四川养麝研究所,成都 610072
  • 收稿日期:2021-11-22 发布日期:2023-04-20
  • 通讯作者: 姜 淦(1985-),四川苍溪人,高级工程师,硕士,主要从事应用气象与气象服务工作,(电子信箱)15102808887@qq.com。
  • 作者简介:赵金鹏(1988-),男,内蒙古巴彦淖尔人,工程师,硕士,主要从事应用气象与气象服务工作,(电话)028-87362165(电子信箱)421508153@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    2018年高原与盆地暴雨旱涝灾害四川省重点实验室科技发展基金项目(省重实验室2018-重点-05-07)

Research on the suitable habitat for Moschus berezovskii based on maximum entropy model(MaxEnt) in climatic background

ZHAO Jin-peng1,2, WANG Qing1,2, ZHENG Cheng-li3, HU Jing-yuan1,2, WANG Ru-lin1,2, JIANG Gan1,2   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Heavy Rain and Drought/Flood Disaster in Plateau and Basin of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610072, China;
    2. Comprehensive Information Center of Rural Economy in Sichuan, Chengdu 610072, China;
    3. Sichuan Institute of Musk Deer Breeding, Chengdu 610072, China
  • Received:2021-11-22 Published:2023-04-20

摘要: 基于公开发表的林麝(Moschus berezovskii)在中国范围内地理分布数据和生境气候数据,利用刀切法提取影响林麝存在概率的关键气象因子,并运用MaxEnt模型与ArcGIS软件分析不同情景下林麝在中国的适生范围。结果表明,最暖季降水量、最干季均温、最湿季降水量、年均温、季节性温差、最湿季均温、最暖季均温、最干季降水量8个关键气候因子对林麝的分布有重要影响;利用受试者工作特征曲线检验林麝生境范围预测模型,得出模型预测结果达到优秀水平(AUC=0.993)。当前气候情景下,林麝生境适宜区主要分布在腾冲-漠河线以南,适宜生境面积为4.13×106 km2,占中国国土面积的43%;RCP2.6、RCP4.5和RCP8.5三种未来气候情景下,至2050s(2040—2059年)林麝高、中、低适生面积均有所减少,其中低适生面积减幅最大(达到50%);2080s(2070—2089年)较2050s,RCP2.6和RCP4.5情景下林麝高、中、低适生面积有所增加,RCP8.5情景下则有所减少。以平原、丘陵地貌为主的林麝适生区东南区域,对未来气候条件的变化负面响应较明显,而以高山为主的西南地区则能够较好地应对未来气候条件变化,所以建议以西南地区为核心建立林麝保护区,并严格控制人员进入保护区,以达到更好地保护野生林麝的目的。

关键词: 林麝(Moschus berezovskii), MaxEnt模型, 气候变化, 生境适应性, 物种保护

Abstract: According to the published geographic distribution data and habitat climate data of Moschus berezovskii in China, the key meteorological factors affecting the probability of existence of Moschus berezovskii were extracted by knife cutting method. The MaxEnt model and ArcGIS software were used to analyze the habitat range of Moschus berezovskii in China under different scenarios. The results showed that eight key climate factors had important influences on the distribution of Moschus berezovskii, including precipitation in the warmest season, mean temperature in the driest season, precipitation in the wettest season, annual average temperature, seasonal temperature difference, mean temperature in the wettest season, mean temperature in the warmest season and precipitation in the driest season; the habitat prediction model of Moschus berezovskii was examined by receiver operating characteristic curve, and the prediction results reached an excellent level (AUC=0.993). Under the current scenario, the suitable area of Moschus berezovskii was mainly distributed in the south of Tengchong-Mohe line, with an area of 4.13×106 km2, accounting for 43% of China's land area; under the scenarios of RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, the suitable area of Moschus berezovskii decreased in the 2050s(2040—2059), and the lowly suitable area decreased up to 50%; compared with the 2050s, the suitable area of Moschus berezovski increased under RCP2.6 and RCP4.5 scenarios in 2080s(2070—2089), but it decreased under RCP8.5 scenarios. The southeast region, which was dominated by plain and hilly landforms, would respond poorly to future climate change, while the southwest region, which was dominated by mountainous landforms, would respond well to future climate change. Therefore, it was suggested to establish a Moschus berezovskii reserve with the southwest region as the core, and strictly control the personnel entering the reserve, so as to achieve the purpose of better protecting the wild Moschus berezovskii.

Key words: Moschus berezovskii, MaxEnt model, climate change, habitat adaptation, species protection

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