湖北农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (3): 187-193.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.029

• 生态·环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

秸秆还田对畜禽粪污土地承载力的影响

王圣伟, 周永馨, 王丽霞, 徐皓, 王文飞, 邵蕾   

  1. 中国农业大学烟台研究院,山东 烟台 264670
  • 收稿日期:2021-11-25 发布日期:2023-04-20
  • 通讯作者: 邵 蕾(1980-),男,山东文登人,副教授,博士,主要从事土壤与肥料研究,(电子信箱)shaolei6751@163.com。
  • 作者简介:王圣伟(1997-),男,山东烟台人,专业方向为土壤与肥料,(电话)13697642183 (电子信箱)2016505440116@cau.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    山东省重点研发计划项目(Z201901); 中国农业大学烟台研究院科研项目(YT201909; YT201902)

Effect of straw mulching on land bearing capacity of livestock and poultry manure

WANG Sheng-wei, ZHOU Yong-xin, WANG Li-xia, XU Hao, WANG Wen-fei, SHAO Lei   

  1. Yantai Institute of China Agricultural University, Yantai 264670, Shandong, China
  • Received:2021-11-25 Published:2023-04-20

摘要: 为完善种养结合、促进循环农业发展提供参考依据,通过猪当量法和求和法分别计算秸秆还田和不还田情况下的畜禽粪污土地承载力,分析秸秆还田对畜禽养殖发展潜力与产业布局的影响。结果表明,相较于猪当量法,求和法计算的黑龙江省粪便排泄量和粪便磷养分供给量分别提高37.5%、28.5%,氮养分供给量降低28.8%;畜禽粪污氮土地承载力提高40.4%(不还田)和9.4%(还田),磷土地承载力降低22.1%(不还田)和8.4%(还田)。秸秆还田后,全省氮、磷土地承载力分别降低70.1%、67.7%(猪当量法)和76.7%、62.0%(求和法)。在还田和不还田情况下所求得全省氮承载力指数分别为1.23、4.10(猪当量法)和1.34、5.76(求和法),全省磷承载力指数分别为1.60、4.94(猪当量法)和1.46、3.85(求和法)。秸秆不还田情况下,2种方法计算的所有市(地区)养殖量未超过最大养殖量(以氮和磷为基准的土地承载力);秸秆还田情况下,鹤岗市、绥化市、大庆市的养殖量超过以氮为基准的最大养殖量及大庆市的养殖量超过以磷为基准的最大养殖量(猪当量法),大庆市的养殖量超过以氮为基准的最大养殖量及齐齐哈尔市、绥化市、牡丹江市、大庆市的养殖量超过以磷为基准的最大养殖量(求和法)。秸秆还田输入的养分降低了土地消纳的粪污量和畜禽养殖潜力。

关键词: 畜禽粪污, 土地承载力, 秸秆还田, 土地承载力指数

Abstract: To analyze the effect of straw mulching on animal husbandry, the land bearing capacity (LBC) of livestock and poultry manure gained by the pig equivalent method and the summation method comparing straw mulching with not mulching respectively were calculated. The results showed that compared with PM, the amount of manure in Heilongjiang Province and phosphorus in the manure calculated by SM increased by 37.5% and 28.5% respectively, while the amount of the nitrogen in the manure decreased by 28.8%, the LBC of the manure nitrogen increased by 40.4% (not mulching) and 9.4% (mulching), and the LBC of the manure phosphorus decreased by 22.1% (not mulching) and 8.4% (mulching). Straw mulching decreased the LBC of the manure nitrogen and phosphorus by 70.1%, 67.7% (PM) and 76.7%, 62.0% (SM) respectively. With straw mulching, the provincial indexes of the nitrogen and phosphorus LBC were 1.23, 1.60 (PM) and 1.34, 1.46 (SM). And without straw mulching, the indexes of the nitrogen and phosphorus LBC were 4.10, 4.94 (PM) and 5.76, 3.85 (SM). In the case of straw not mulching, both nitrogen and phosphorus LBC (calculated by SM and PM) of all cities in this province were more than the amount of livestock and poultry (ALP). In the case of straw mulching, the nitrogen LBC of Hegang City, Suihua City, Daqing City and phosphorus LBC of Daqing City were less than the ALP (PM), the nitrogen LBC of Daqing City and phosphorus LBC of Qiqihar City, Suihua City, Mudanjiang City, Daqing City were less than the ALP (SM). Nutrients from straw mulching decreased the land bearing capacity of manure and the development potential of animal husbandry.

Key words: livestock and poultry manure, land bearing capacity, straw mulching, index of land bearing capacity

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