湖北农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (3): 69-74.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.013

• 施肥技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

新型肥料在稻-油轮作制中的施用效果

熊又升1, 熊汉锋2, 谢媛园1, 樊红霞3, 徐小羽4, 刘喻4, 周剑雄1, 刘威1, 王时秋3   

  1. 1.湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所,武汉 430064;
    2.鄂州职业大学,湖北 鄂州 436000;
    3.湖北省咸安区农业农村局,湖北 咸宁 437000;
    4.湖北省通城县农业农村局,湖北 通城 437400
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-30 发布日期:2023-04-20
  • 通讯作者: 熊汉锋,教授,博士,主要从事土壤改良与作物养分协同技术和新型肥料等研究,(电子信箱)xhfeng987@163.com。
  • 作者简介:熊又升(1963-),男,湖北鄂州人,研究员,博士,主要从事土壤改良与作物养分协同技术和新型肥料等研究,(电话)13554544268(电子信箱)yshxiong@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    “十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0200506)

Application effects of new types of fertilizer under rice-rape rotation system

XIONG You-sheng1, XIONG Han-feng2, XIE Yuan-yuan1, FAN Hong-xia3, XU Xiao-yu4, LIU YU4, ZHOU Jian-xiong1, LIU Wei1, WANG Shi-qiu3   

  1. 1. Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China;
    2. Ezhou Vocational University, Ezhou 436000, Hubei,China;
    3. Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau of Xian'an District, Xianning 437000, Hubei, China;
    4. Tongcheng County Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tongcheng 437400, Hubei, China
  • Received:2022-06-30 Published:2023-04-20

摘要: 为探索轮作周期中不同肥料高效施用技术,通过田间定位试验,设置了不施肥(T1)、常规化肥(T2)、缓控释肥(T3)、稳定性肥料(T4)、BB肥(T5)和在T2的基础上增施生物有机肥(T6)6个处理,研究了不同肥料施用对稻(Oryza sativa L.)-油(Brassica campestris L.)轮作制度下作物产量及养分利用效率的影响。结果表明,与施用常规化肥处理相比,施用缓控释肥和在常规化肥基础上增施有机肥均可提高水稻和油菜及周年产量,大部分轮作年份达显著水平(P<0.05);不同肥料处理均能提高稻-油轮作水稻季、油菜季及周年作物氮、磷、钾的吸收量和农学利用效率,其中以T6处理效果最好,氮、磷、钾吸收量和农学利用效率均与施用常规化肥处理差异达显著水平(P<0.05),T3处理效果次之,除油菜季磷吸收量外,其他均与施用常规化肥处理差异达显著水平(P<0.05)。综合来看,湖北省稻-油轮作制中施用缓控释肥和增施生物有机肥效果较好,施用BB肥和稳定性肥料的效果略差。

关键词: 新型肥料, 水稻(Oryza sativa L.), 油菜(Brassica campestris L.), 产量, 养分吸收量, 养分利用率

Abstract: In order to explore the efficient application technology of fertilizers in the rotation cycle, the effects of different fertilizer application on crop yield and nutrient use efficiency under the rice(Oryza sativa L.)-rape(Brassica campestris L.) rotation system were studied by setting up 6 treatments including no fertilization (T1), conventional fertilization (T2), slow-release fertilizer (T3), stabilized fertilizer (T4), BB fertilizer (T5) and bio-organic fertilizer on the basis of T2 (T6) through field positioning experiment. The results showed that compared with the conventional fertilizer treatment, the application of slow-controlled release fertilizer and the application of organic fertilizer on the basis of conventional fertilizer could increase the yield of rice, rape and annual yield, and some rotation years reached a significant level (P<0.05). Different fertilizer treatments could improve the absorption and the agronomic utilization efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of rice, rape and annual crops in the rice-rape rotation system, among which T6 was the best. The absorption and the agronomic utilization efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in all years under T6 treatment were significantly different from those of conventional fertilizer treatment (P<0.05). The effect of T3 treatment was followed, except for the absorption of phosphorus in rape season, the difference of the absorption and the agronomic utilization efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in other years between slow-release fertilizer and conventional fertilizer was significant (P<0.05). In general, the effect of the application of slow-release fertilizer and bio-organic fertilizer under the rice-rape rotation system in Hubei Province was good, but the effect of applying BB fertilizer and stable fertilizer was slightly worse.

Key words: new type of fertilizer, rice(Oryza sativa L.), rapeseed(Brassica campestris L.), yield, nutrient absorption, nutrient availability

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