重庆南部碳酸盐岩地区耕地土壤镉含量特征与风险评价

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了解重庆碳酸盐岩地区耕地土壤镉（Cd）的含量特征,在南部碳酸盐岩地区采集131个耕地土壤样品,并在非碳酸盐岩地区采集162个耕地土壤样品作为对照,分析测定土壤Cd含量及pH,基于地统计法、潜在生态风险指数法和健康风险评价法对土壤Cd污染状况、潜在生态风险以及对成人和儿童的健康风险进行评价。结果表明,碳酸盐岩地区耕地土壤Cd平均含量为0.571 mg/kg,明显高于非碳酸盐岩地区（平均含量为0.305 mg/kg）,与土壤环境质量标准值（GB 15618—2018）相比,碳酸盐岩地区耕地土壤Cd含量有48.1%的点位超过风险筛选值,非碳酸盐岩地区耕地土壤Cd样点超标率为29.6%,呈不同程度的Cd富集。从空间分布来看,研究区耕地土壤Cd含量的高值区集中分布于南川区中部水江镇、东城街道、南城街道及南部金山镇地区,并呈现出强至极强的潜在生态风险。健康风险评价结果表明耕地土壤Cd的非致癌风险总指数HQ小于1,危害可忽略;致癌风险CR略大于10^-6,在尚可接受的水平。碳酸盐岩地区成人和儿童3种暴露途径的非致癌风险和致癌风险均高于非碳酸盐岩地区,且儿童的非致癌风险和致癌风险均高于成人,经口摄入是土壤Cd暴露风险的主要途径。

关键词: 碳酸盐岩地区, 土壤, 镉, 潜在生态风险评价, 健康风险评估, 重庆南部

Abstract: In order to understand the content characteristics of Cd for arable soil in the carbonate rock area of Chongqing,131 soil samples were collected in the carbonate rock area and 162 soil samples were collected as the contrast in the non-carbonate rock area of Nanchuan District in the southern Chongqing, and the concentrations of Cd and pH were analyzed and determined. The pollution status of soil Cd, the potential ecological risk and health risk to adults and children were evaluated by the geostatistical analysis, and potential ecological hazard index and health risk assessment model. Results showed that the average value of Cd in the soil of the carbonate rock area （mean 0.571 mg/kg） was higher than that of the non-carbonate rock area （mean 0.305 mg/kg）. Compared with the Soil Environment Quality Risk Control Standard （GB 15618—2018）, the over-standard rate of 48.1% in the carbonate rock area was higher than the over-standard rate of 29.6% in the non-carbonate rock area, showing a different degree of accumulation. From the spatial distribution, the areas with high Cd values of arable soil were mainly distributed in Shuijiang town, Dongcheng street, Nancheng street and Jinshan town of Nanchuan district, showing the strong to extremely strong potential ecological risk. The health risk assessment results showed that HQ of Cd was less than 1, and the hazard was negligible; the CR was slightly greater than 10^-6, which was acceptable. The non-carcinogenic risk and carcinogenic risk of the three exposure pathways for adults and children in the carbonate rock areas were significantly higher than those in the non-carbonate rock area, and the non-carcinogenic risk and carcinogenic risk in children were higher than those in adults. Oral ingestion was the main route of exposure to Cd in soil.

Key words: carbonate rock areas, soil, cadmium, potential ecological risk assessment, health risk assessment, Southern Chongqing

中图分类号:

P595
X142

余飞, 余京, 王佳彬, 徐姝姝, 罗恺, 李瑜, 王宇, 王锐, 张云逸. 重庆南部碳酸盐岩地区耕地土壤镉含量特征与风险评价[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2023, 62(3): 40-46.

YU Fei, YU Jing, WANG Jia-bin, XU Shu-shu, LUO Kai, LI Yu, WANG Yu, WANG Rui, ZHANG Yun-yi. Cd content characteristics and risks assessment for arable soil in the carbonate rock area of Southern Chongqing[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2023, 62(3): 40-46.

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