深圳河湾流域景观格局对河流水质时空尺度的效应研究

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 探讨不同时空尺度下土地利用、景观格局与水质之间的关系,为合理规划土地资源提供参考,从而保护流域水质安全。基于深圳河湾流域2020年河流水质与土地利用数据,选取子流域尺度与河岸带8个缓冲区尺度,采用Spearman相关分析、逐步回归分析与冗余分析的方法,定量探讨土地利用、景观格局对雨季时期和非雨季时期河流水质的影响。结果表明,深圳河湾流域非雨季时期水质优于雨季时期,河流下游和河流出口处水质污染更为严重;不同空间尺度下景观类型以建设用地和林地为主,建设面积占比、林地面积占比、斑块密度（PD）、边缘密度（ED）、平均最近邻体距离（ENN_MN）、蔓延度指数（CONTAG）、聚合度指数（AI）与水质变化呈显著相关;雨季时期的300 m河岸带缓冲区尺度下景观指标对水质的影响最为显著,林地是主要的显著解释变量。深圳河湾流域水质存在显著的时空差异性;除林地面积占比的增加可以改善水质外,建设面积占比、ED、PD的增加均会导致水质下降;改善流域水质时需重视300 m河岸带缓冲区范围内景观格局的优化。

关键词: 景观格局, 水质, 尺度, 冗余分析, 深圳河湾流域

Abstract: The relationship between land use/landscape pattern and water quality at different spatial and temporal scales was explored to provide reference for rational planning of land resources, so as to protect the water quality safety of the watershed. Based on the data of river water quality and land use in Shenzhen River-Bay Watershed in 2020, the sub-basin scale and 8 buffer zone scales of riparian zone were selected, and Spearman correlation analysis, stepwise regression analysis and redundancy analysis were used to quantitatively explore the impact of land use/landscape pattern on river water quality in the rainy season and non-rainy season. The results showed that the water quality of Shenzhen River-Bay Watershed during the non-rainy season was better than that during rainy season, and the water pollution was more serious in the lower reaches and the outlet of the river. Construction land and forest land were the main landscape types at different spatial scales, and the proportion of construction area and forest area, patch density（PD）, edge density（ED）, mean euclidean nearest neighbor distance（ENN_MN）, CONTAG and aggregation index（AI） were significantly correlated with water quality change. At the scale of 300 m riparian buffer zone in the rainy season, landscape indexes had the most significant impact on water quality, and forest land was the main significant explanatory variable. The water quality of Shenzhen River-Bay Watershed had significant temporal and spatial differencs. In addition to the increase of forest area ratio could improve the water quality, the increase of construction area ratio, ED and PD value would lead to the decrease of water quality. The optimization of landscape pattern within 300 m riparian buffer zone should be emphasized when improving water quality in the basin.

Key words: landscape pattern, water quality, scale, redundancy analysis, Shenzhen River-Bay Watershed

中图分类号:

X824

李洪庆, 陈明慧, 程飞飞. 深圳河湾流域景观格局对河流水质时空尺度的效应研究[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2023, 62(1): 54-63.

LI Hong-qing, CHEN Ming-hui, CHENG Fei-fei. Study on the temporal and spatial scale effects of landscape pattern on river water quality in Shenzhen River-Bay Watershed[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2023, 62(1): 54-63.

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