CRISPR-Cas9技术介导蔬菜作物遗传改良研究进展

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.24.022

湖北农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (24): 100-108.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.24.022

CRISPR-Cas9技术介导蔬菜作物遗传改良研究进展

万丽丽¹, 王转茸¹, 汤谧¹, 张学军^2,3, 曾红霞¹, 任俭¹, 张娜¹, 孙玉宏¹, 熊建顺¹, 朱志坤⁴

1.武汉市农业科学院,武汉 430065;
2.新疆农业科学院哈密瓜研究中心,乌鲁木齐 830091;
3.新疆农业科学院海南三亚农作物育种试验中心,海南三亚 572014;
4.武汉市蔡甸区农业农村局,武汉 430199

收稿日期:2022-06-06 出版日期:2022-12-25 发布日期:2023-01-18
通讯作者: 汤谧,（电子信箱）xtgyjs@wuhanagri.com。
作者简介:万丽丽（1982-）,女,湖北武汉人,农艺师,博士,主要从事农作物生物技术育种工作,（电话）13018095193（电子信箱）wanlili13226@163.com。
基金资助:
湖北省重点研发项目（2021BBA101; 2022D14015）; 新疆农业科学院天山创新团队项目（2022D14015）; 武汉市农业科学院创新项目（XKCX202204-1）; 武汉市生物育种关键技术及新品种培育重大专项（2022021302024852）

Research progress of CRISPR-Cas9 technology application and achievement in vegetable crops genetic improvement

WAN Li-li¹, WANG Zhuan-rong¹, TANG Mi¹, ZHANG Xue-jun^2,3, ZENG Hong-xia¹, REN Jian¹, ZHANG Na¹, SUN Yu-hong¹, XIONG Jian-shun¹, ZHU Zhi-kun⁴

1. Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430065,China;
2. The Research Center of Hami-melon, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China;
3. Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Breeding in Hainan of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572014,Hainan,China;
4. Caidian Agricultural and Rural Affairs Bureau,Wuhan 430199,China

Received:2022-06-06 Online:2022-12-25 Published:2023-01-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在植物中,CRISPR-Cas基因组编辑技术是一种改变基因功能并改良作物品种的新技术。与传统育种相比,CRISPR-Cas是一种操作简单、低成本、高效精准的技术,并且脱靶风险较低。蔬菜作物富含膳食纤维、维生素和矿物质,对人类健康至关重要。然而,随着气候环境的变化,生物和非生物胁迫对蔬菜的生产构成严重威胁,影响品质和产量。在综述中,概述了CRISPR技术发展史、CRISPR-Cas工具箱的组成、现有Cas蛋白的变体、CRISPR-Cas元件转化到植物中的方法以及基因编辑系统在蔬菜作物遗传改良应用中的具体案例,最后提出了CRISPR-Cas技术在蔬菜育种中的挑战和应用前景。

关键词: CRISPR-Cas9, 蔬菜, 双链断裂（DSB）, DNA修复, 精准编辑, 性状改良

Abstract: In plants, CRISPR-Cas genome editing technology is a new technique to alter gene functions to generate improved crop varieties. Compared with traditional breeding, CRISPR-Cas is a simple, low-cost, efficient and accurate technology with a lower risk of off-target effects. Vegetable crops are rich in dietary fiber, vitamins and minerals, which are essential for human health. However, with the change of climate and environment, biotic and abiotic stresses pose a serious threat to vegetable production, affecting the quality and yield. In this review, the history of CRISPR technology, the components of CRISPR-CAS toolbox, the variants of existing Cas proteins, the methods of transforming CRISPR-CAS elements into plants, and the specific cases of gene editing systems in the genetic improvement of vegetable crops were summarized. Finally, the challenges and application prospects of CRISPR-Cas technology in vegetable breeding were put forward.

Key words: CRISPR-Cas9, vegetable, double-strand breaks（DSB）, DNA repair, precision editing, trait improvement

中图分类号:

S330
S336

万丽丽, 王转茸, 汤谧, 张学军, 曾红霞, 任俭, 张娜, 孙玉宏, 熊建顺, 朱志坤. CRISPR-Cas9技术介导蔬菜作物遗传改良研究进展[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2022, 61(24): 100-108.

WAN Li-li, WANG Zhuan-rong, TANG Mi, ZHANG Xue-jun, ZENG Hong-xia, REN Jian, ZHANG Na, SUN Yu-hong, XIONG Jian-shun, ZHU Zhi-kun. Research progress of CRISPR-Cas9 technology application and achievement in vegetable crops genetic improvement[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2022, 61(24): 100-108.

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CRISPR-Cas9技术介导蔬菜作物遗传改良研究进展

Research progress of CRISPR-Cas9 technology application and achievement in vegetable crops genetic improvement

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