湖北农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (24): 15-18.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.24.003

• 育种·栽培 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同直播方式对水稻品种虾稻1号产量的影响

杨晓龙1, 汪本福1, 李阳1, 张枝盛1, 张作林1, 潘高峰2, 王彪1, 杨蓝天1, 程建平1   

  1. 1.湖北省农业科学院粮食作物研究所/粮食作物种质创新与遗传改良湖北省重点实验室,武汉 430064;
    2.襄阳市农业科学院,湖北 襄阳 441057
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-07 出版日期:2022-12-25 发布日期:2023-01-18
  • 通讯作者: 程建平,研究员,博士,主要从事水稻高产高效栽培、农业工程技术和农业技术推广研究,(电子信箱)chjp609@163.com。
  • 作者简介:杨晓龙(1990-),男,山东泰安人,助理研究员,博士,主要从事水稻栽培与生态学研究,(电话)13720257220(电子信箱)yang8083334@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    湖北省重点研发计划项目(2021BBA229); 粮食作物种质创新与遗传改良湖北省重点实验室开放课题(2020lzjj03)

The effects of different direct seeding methods on the yield of Xiadao1

YANG Xiao-long1, WANG Ben-fu1, LI Yang1, ZHANG Zhi-sheng1, ZHANG Zuo-lin1, PAN Gao-feng2, WANG Biao1, YANG Lan-tian1, CHENG Jian-ping1   

  1. 1. Institute of Food Crops/Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064,China;
    2. Xiangyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xiangyang 441057,Hubei,China
  • Received:2022-11-07 Online:2022-12-25 Published:2023-01-18

摘要: 采用虾稻1号水稻(Oryza sativa L.)品种进行机械精量穴直播、无人机撒播和无人机条播3种播种方式,综合考察对水稻叶面积指数、叶片SPAD、光合速率、地上部干物质积累转运以及产量的影响。结果表明,机械精量穴直播、无人机撒播和无人机条播直播模式下的产量分别为8.05、9.52、8.52 t/hm2,无人机撒播处理增产效果最佳。无人机撒播处理下花后水稻群体具有较高的叶面积指数,且生育后期叶片SPAD保持较高水平,稳定了后期地上部光合干物质积累、提高干物质向子粒的分配运转,保证有效穗数和千粒重的增加。因此,采用无人机撒播的直播方式并配合合理的水肥管理技术,提高叶面积指数、稳定群体有效穗数,可以提高直播水稻丰产稳产能力。

关键词: 水稻(Oryza sativa L.), 无人机直播, 机械直播, 干物质积累, 产量

Abstract: Adopted Xiadao1 rice variety, three sowing methods, namely mechanical precision hole seeding, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) broadcast sowing and UAV drill sowing, were used to comprehensively investigate the effects of rice leaf area index, leaf SPAD, photosynthetic rate, aboveground dry matter accumulation and transport, and yield. The results showed that the yield of mechanical precision hole seeding, UAV broadcast sowing and UAV drill sowing were 8.05, 9.52 and 8.52 t/hm2, respectively, and the UAV broadcast sowing treatment had the best yield increase effect. The main reasons for the increased yield in UAV broadcast sowing treatment were the post-flowering rice population had a higher leaf area index, and the leaf SPAD maintained a higher level at the later growth stage, which stabilized the photosynthetic dry matter accumulation in the aboveground part, improved the dry matter and grain distribution operation, and ensured the increase of effective ear and 1 000-grain weight. Therefore, using UAV broadcast sowing combined with reasonable water and fertilizer management technology to improve the leaf area index and stabilize the effective ear number could enhance the stable yield of direct seeded rice.

Key words: rice, UAV direct-seeding, mechanical direct-seeding, dry matter accumulation, yield

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