关键词: 冬小麦, 湿害分区, 涝渍指数

Abstract: The data from 23 representative stations in Hubei for 50 years from 1971 to 2020 were selected, and each station 50-year wet weather coefficient and the maximum value of wet weather coefficient in 5 years were calculated by using the daily observation data from meteorological stations in April-May of calendar years, with relative humidity reaching 85% at 2, 8 and 20, and 82% at 14, and the average daily temperature ≥ 12.0 ℃ for more than 30 h as the wet section weather criteria. The annual precipitation, precipitation days and sunshine hours in late March-late May were used to calculate the flooding index of each decade, and the number of flooding index greater than 0.5, 0.8 and 1.1 in each station was counted. The results of wet weather coefficient method and flooding index method for the late growth of wheat in Hubei Province showed that the main dividing line was north of Jingmen City-north of Xiaogan City-north of Wuhan City, and the wet damage was less in the north of the main dividing line. The further north the area, the less the wet damage; the wet damage was serious in the south of the main dividing line. The further south the area, the more severe the wet damage. The mountainous area in southwest Hubei was a heavier area of wet damage. The rhynchosporium disease in Xiantao City corresponded well with the flooding index from 2013 to 2020. Considering the topography and terrain, the areas other than the northern part of Jianghan Plain, especially the low-lying fields in the lake area, were the areas prone to flooding for a longer period of time; the valley paddy fields in the hilly areas in the south of Hubei also had flood-prone areas. In the land planting planning, more wheat can be planted in areas with light wet damage, and wheat planting can be minimized in areas with serious wet damage. In the prevention and control of wet damage, drainage and irrigation should be separated. In low-lying fields, open drainage plus underground buried pipes are used to reduce the water table. By dredging "three ditches" and often loosening the soil, the rise of groundwater can be inhibited, and excessive wet cultivation layer can be prevented; crops of different heights can be interplanted to improve the utilization of light energy and reduce field humidity.

Key words: Winter Wheat, wet damage zoning, waterlogging index