洞庭湖区可培养细菌群落结构及其空间分布特征

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.07.003

湖北农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (7): 13-19.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.07.003

洞庭湖区可培养细菌群落结构及其空间分布特征

孙霞¹, 刘扬², 王芳², 张虎³, 毛淑敏¹, 亓翠英¹

1.山东江河湿地生态研究院,济南 271100;
2.中国水利水电科学研究院,北京 100038;
3.湖南百舸水利建设股份有限公司,长沙 410007

收稿日期:2021-05-20 出版日期:2022-04-10 发布日期:2022-05-04
作者简介:孙霞（1974-）,女,山东潍坊人,教授,博士,主要从事环境微生物应用研究,（电话）0531-76427328（电子信箱）1131661106@qq.com。
基金资助:
湖南省科技重大专项资助项目（2018SK1010）

Community structure and spatial distribution characteristics of culturable bacteria in Dongting lake

SUN Xia¹, LIU Yang², WANG Fang², ZHANG Hu³, MAO Shu-min¹, QI Cui-ying¹

1. Institute of Shandong River and Wetlands, Jinan 271100, China;
2. China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038,China;
3. Hunan Bestall Water Conservancy Constructure, Co., Ltd., Changsha 410007, China

Received:2021-05-20 Online:2022-04-10 Published:2022-05-04

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对洞庭湖区水体及沉积物的理化特性进行分析,并采用纯培养分离及16S rRNA 基因序列分析方法对其细菌的群落结构进行研究。结果表明,洞庭湖区水体为中性偏碱性水质,东、南、西洞庭综合营养状态指数分别为43.77、46.26和48.16,皆属于中营养水平。从洞庭湖水体及沉积物中共获得94株细菌,隶属于4门17属41种,优势菌门为变形菌门（Proteobacteria）,其次为厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）,优势属为不动杆菌属（Acinetobacter）。细菌群落结构在空间分布上有较大差异,从水样和沉积物中共分离到17个属,只有5个属为共有属,水样中有8个特有属,沉积物样品中有4个特有属;东洞庭湖水体和沉积物中菌种种类及丰度高于其他2个湖区。研究结果显示,洞庭湖区可培养细菌资源丰富,细菌群落空间分布差异较为明显,水体富营养化程度高的区域细菌多样性低,说明湖区的污染程度不同,导致水质理化指标的差异,进而影响细菌群落结构及多样性。因此外源污染引起的理化因子的改变对微生物的菌群结构及多样性有较大影响。

关键词: 洞庭湖, 16S rRNA基因, 细菌群落结构, 综合营养状态指数

Abstract: The physical and chemical characteristics of water and sediment samples in Dongting lake area were analyzed, and the bacterial community structure was investigated by culture-dependent method and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The results show that the water body in Dongting lake is neutral to slightly alkaline, and the comprehensive trophic level index （TLI） of East, South and West Dongting lake are 43.77,46.26 and 48.16, respectively, all of which belong to mesotrophic state. A total of 94 bacterial strains are obtained from water and sediment samples of Dongting lake, belonging to 4 phyla,17 genera and 41 species. The dominant phylum is Proteobacteria, followed by Firmicutes, and the dominant genus is Acinetobacter. The bacterial community structure is quite different in spatial distribution. Among 17 genera obtained from water and sediment samples, only five genera are shared, eight genera are unique to water samples, and four genera are unique to sediment samples. In addition, the species richness and abundance of bacteria in water and sediment samples of East Dongting lake are higher than those in the other two lakes. The results further reveal that Dongting lake area is rich in bacteria resources, and the differences in spatial distribution of bacterial communities are comparatively obvious. The diversity of bacterial communities decreased with the increase of eutrophication level. All of the above indicates that the lake area has been polluted at different levels, which leads to the differences in physical and chemical indicators of the water quality, and then affects the structure and diversity of bacterial community. Therefore, changes in physical and chemical factors caused by the external pollution have a greater impact on the microbial community structure and diversity.

Key words: Dongting lake, 16S rRNA gene, bacterial community structure, comprehensive trophic level index

中图分类号:

X172

孙霞, 刘扬, 王芳, 张虎, 毛淑敏, 亓翠英. 洞庭湖区可培养细菌群落结构及其空间分布特征[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2022, 61(7): 13-19.

SUN Xia, LIU Yang, WANG Fang, ZHANG Hu, MAO Shu-min, QI Cui-ying. Community structure and spatial distribution characteristics of culturable bacteria in Dongting lake[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2022, 61(7): 13-19.

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洞庭湖区可培养细菌群落结构及其空间分布特征

Community structure and spatial distribution characteristics of culturable bacteria in Dongting lake

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