湖北农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (3): 36-41.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.03.008

• 资源·环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

暴雨洪涝灾害对农作物损失定量评估研究

赵铁松, 张安凝知, 胡会芳   

  1. 河北省气象灾害防御中心,石家庄 050021
  • 收稿日期:2020-05-29 出版日期:2022-02-10 发布日期:2022-03-11
  • 通讯作者: 张安凝知(1989-),女,河北石家庄人,工程师,硕士,主要从事气象灾害风险评估研究,(电子信箱)zhizhiz_hang@163.com。
  • 作者简介:赵铁松(1986-),男(满族),河北青龙人,工程师,硕士,主要从事气象灾害风险评估研究,(电话)0311-67108515(电子信箱)zhaotiesong@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    河北省科技厅重点研发项目(19275408D)

Study on quantitative pre-assessment of crop rainstorm disaster loss

ZHAO Tie-song, ZHANG An-ningzhi, HU Hui-fang   

  1. Hebei Meteorological Disaster Prevention Center, Shijiazhuang 050021,China
  • Received:2020-05-29 Online:2022-02-10 Published:2022-03-11

摘要: 利用1983—2018年河北省降水资料、农作物暴雨洪涝灾情资料和社会经济资料,首先,采用相关分析、主成分分析等方法建立了分月份的暴雨致灾强度评价模型,确定了强度等级划分标准,构建了河北省农作物暴雨洪涝灾害损失个例库。其次,采用历史情景类比法,利用个例库构建定量评估模型,实现河北省暴雨洪涝灾害对农作物影响损失的定量损失评估。结果表明,农作物受灾主要与1 h最大降水量、累积降水量、最大日降水量有关,暴雨致灾强度指数能较好地评价某次暴雨过程对农作物造成损失的危险性;历史情景类比法对农作物暴雨洪涝损失评估准确率在60%以上,且方法简单、快速,可以应用于定量损失评估业务中。

关键词: 暴雨洪涝灾情, 农作物, 暴雨强度, 类比法

Abstract: In this paper, the rainfall data, crop rainstorm and flood disaster data and socio-economic data of Hebei province from 1983 to 2018 were used. Firstly, correlation analysis, principal component analysis and other methods were used to establish the evaluation model of rainstorm disaster intensity in different months, determine the standard of intensity classification, and build a case database of crop rainstorm loss in Hebei province. Secondly, using the historical scenario analogy method, a quantitative prediction model was constructed by using a case database to realize the quantitative loss prediction of the impact of heavy rain and flood disasters on crops in Hebei province. The results showed that the disaster of crops was mainly related to the maximum precipitation in 1 hour, the accumulated precipitation and the maximum daily precipitation. The disaster intensity index of rainstorm can better evaluate the risk of crop loss caused by a certain rainstorm process, the historical scenario analogy method for crop rainstorm and flood loss assessment accuracy rate was more than 60%, and the method was simple and fast, which can be applied to the loss assessment business.

Key words: storm and flood disasters, crops, storm intensity, analogy

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