湖北农业科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (13): 26-30.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.13.005

• 育种·栽培 • 上一篇    下一篇

耕作方式对松嫩平原半干旱区玉米子粒灌浆特性及产量的影响

张继卫, 王玉凤, 张翼飞, 李庆, 杨克军, 唐子淳   

  1. 黑龙江省现代农业栽培技术与作物种质改良重点实验室/黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院,黑龙江 大庆 163319
  • 收稿日期:2020-07-08 出版日期:2021-07-10 发布日期:2021-07-26
  • 通讯作者: 杨克军,教授,主要从事作物高产理论与实践研究,(电子信箱)byndykj@163.com。
  • 作者简介:张继卫(1994-),男,河南洛阳人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为玉米栽培生理,(电话)15736705466(电子信箱)1806007998@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0300101); 黑龙江省现代农业产业技术协同创新体系资助项目

Effect of tillage methods on grain filling characteristics and yield of maize in semi-arid area of Songnen plain

ZHANG Ji-wei, WANG YU-feng, ZHANG Yi-fei, LI Qing, YANG Ke-jun, TANG Zi-chun   

  1. Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement of Heilongjiang Province/Department of Agriculture,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163319,Heilongjiang,China
  • Received:2020-07-08 Online:2021-07-10 Published:2021-07-26

摘要: 耕作方式是限制松嫩平原半干旱区玉米(Zea mays L.)产量提高的主要因素。以先玉335为试验材料,设置秋季深翻垄作、秋季深翻平作、秋季旋耕垄作、秋季旋耕平作、春季旋耕垄作和春季旋耕平作6种耕作方式来探讨耕作方式对玉米子粒灌浆特性和产量的影响,以期从玉米子粒灌浆的角度为松嫩平原半干旱区玉米栽培探索一种高产的栽培方式。结果表明,玉米灌浆速率最大时生长量与玉米产量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与玉米粒重呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。秋季深翻平作较其他处理可以提高玉米灌浆期的光合速率,增加玉米子粒干重,提高子粒灌浆速率的峰值,增加子粒灌浆速率最大时的生物量,增加玉米的粒重并最终提高产量。在秋季深翻平作处理下,玉米产量最高,为11 141.93 kg/hm2。因此,采取秋季子粒深翻平作处理,可以提高松嫩平原半干旱区玉米的产量。

关键词: 耕作方式, 玉米(Zea mays L.), 灌浆特性, 产量

Abstract: Tillage method is the main factor limiting the increase of maize (Zea mays L.) yield in semi-arid areas of Songnen plain. To explore a kind of maize high-yield cultivation method from the angle of corn grain filling for the semi-arid area of Songnen plain, taking Xianyu 335 as the test material, six kinds of tillage methods, such as deep ploughing and ridge tillage in autumn, deep ploughing and flat tillage in autumn, rotary and ridge tillage in autumn, rotary and flat tillage in autumn, rotary and ridge tillage in spring, rotary and flat tillage in spring, were set up to study the effect of tillage on maize grain grouting characteristics and yield. The results showed that the growth rate was positively correlated with the yield of maize (P<0.01) and the grain weight of maize (P<0.05). Compared with other treatments, deep ploughing and flat tillage in autumn can increase the photosynthetic rate, the grain dry weight of maize during the pulping period, the peak of maize irrigation rate, the biomass when the maize irrigation rate was the largest, the grain weight of maize and the yield of maize. The yield of maize was the highest at 11 141.93 kg/hm2 under the treatment of deep ploughing and flat tillage in autumn. Therefore, the yield of maize in semi-arid area of Songnen plain can be improved by adopting autumn-deep flattening treatment.

Key words: tillage method, maize(Zea mays L.), grain filling characteristics, yield

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