关键词: 暴雨, 降水指标, 正交经验分解（EOF）, 黄山, 九华山

Abstract: By using the daily precipitation data of Huang mountain station, Jiuhua mountain station （high stations） and surrounding stations in Anhui province in recent years, the precipitation characteristics and wind field distribution of high stations and surrounding stations were statistically analyzed, and then using the empirical orthogonal function method （EOF） to analyze the height field characteristics of heavy rain in Anhui province. The results showed that the precipitation indices of high stations were higher than that of surrounding stations, most of the precipitation was from June to August, the average annual rainfall （rainfall days） of the Huang mountain station and Jiuhua mountain station were 2 290.3 mm （197.7 d） and 2 077.6 mm（187.7 d） respectively, the average annual heavy rainfall intensities （storm days） were 83.3 mm/d （8.5 d） and 79.6 mm/d （7.7 d） respectively, the main impact of the heavy rain at the high stations was 700 hPa westerly wind, the terrain had an impact on the precipitation and played a role of rainfall increase within a certain height. The EOF analysis was performed on the mean field of 500 hPa and 850 hPa altitude circulation. The first modes of 500 hPa in Huang mountain and Jiuhua mountain were mainly zonal and meridional, and the first mode of 850 hPa were all in meridional. The 500 hPa and 850 hPa circulation had a greater impact on the heavy rains of Huang mountain and Jiuhua mountain respectively. Therefore, by exploring the characteristics of precipitation and atmospheric circulation at the high station and surrounding stations, it was expected to provide scientific guidance for the precipitation forecast in the mountainous area.

Key words: rainstorm, precipitation index, empirical orthogonal function method（EOF）, Huang mountain, Jiuhua mountain