再生稻栽培模式下冬半年覆盖植被对土壤CH4和N2O排放的影响

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.15.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究冬半年覆盖植被对再生稻（Oryza sativa L.）栽培模式下土壤CH₄和N₂O排放的影响,采用静态暗箱-气相色谱法观测了再生稻-冬闲（CK）、再生稻-油菜（FR）和再生稻-紫云英（MR）等处理下CH₄和N₂O的排放通量。结果表明,所有处理的CH₄和N₂O排放通量在冬半年覆盖植被生长期间较小,在水稻生长季较大。头季稻生长期间土壤CH₄累积排放量占全年的85.89%~97.48%,其中MR处理的土壤CH₄累积排放量显著低于CK和FR处理;再生季稻生长期间各处理间土壤CH₄累积排放量差异不显著,占全年的2.02%~14.11%。头季稻生长期间土壤N₂O累积排放量是再生季稻生长期间的1.74~2.43倍,其中头季稻生长期间MR处理土壤N₂O累积排放量显著低于CK,再生季稻生长期间各处理差异不显著。各处理CH₄和N₂O年全球增温潜势（GWP）从大到小依次为FR、CK、MR,且水稻生长季排放的CH₄和N₂O的GWP远高于冬半年作物期。同时,水稻生长季CH₄排放对GWP的贡献远高于N₂O,是N₂O的1.64~3.87倍。综上,再生稻栽培模式下,头季稻生长期间是控制温室气体CH₄和N₂O排放的关键时期;再生稻-紫云英模式有利于减少CH₄和N₂O的排放,是生态环境效益较高的再生稻栽培模式。

关键词: 再生稻（Oryza sativa L.）, 油菜（Brassica napus L.）, 紫云英（Astragalus sinicus Linn.）, 冬闲, 温室气体

Abstract: In order to study the effects of cover plant in winter on the CH₄ and N₂O emissions from ratoon rice system, the CH₄ and N₂O flux was observed by the static closed chamber-gas chromatography method under the treatment of ratoon rice-fallow （CK）, ratoon rice-rapeseed （FR）, and ratoon rice-milk vetch （MR）, respectively. Results showed that the CH₄ and N₂O flux of all treatments was low in the winter cover plant growing season, and was high in the rice growing season. The cumulative CH₄ emissions in the main rice growing season occupied 85.89% to 97.48% of annual cumulative CH₄ emissions. During the main rice growing season, the cumulative CH₄ emissions in the treatment of MR was significantly lower than that in the treatment of CK and FR. Over the ratoon season, there was no significant difference in the cumulative CH₄ emissions among each treatment, and which occupied 2.02% to 14.11% of annual cumulative CH₄ emissions. The cumulative N₂O emissions in the main rice growing season was 1.74 to 2.43 times of ratoon season. The cumulative N₂O emissions of MR was significantly lower than that of CK in the main rice season, and there was no significant difference in the cumulative N₂O emissions among each treatment in the ratoon season. The total annual global warming potential （GWP） of CH₄ and N₂O for each treatment was in decreased order of FR, CK, MR. And the GWP of CH₄ and N₂O in the rice growing season was significantly higher than that in the winter cover plant growing season. Meanwhile, the contribution of CH₄ emission to GWP in rice growing season was much higher than that of N₂O. Therefore, the main rice season is the key season for reducing the greenhouse gas emissions. And plant milk vetch in the winter season could reduce the CH₄ and N₂O emissions under the ratoon rice system compare plant rapeseed or fallow.

Key words: ratoon rice（Oryza sativa L.）, rapeseed（Brassica napus L.）, milk vetch（Astragalus sinicus Linn.）, fallow, greenhouse gas

中图分类号:

S511
X57

吕泽芳, 高珍珍, 刘章勇, 金涛. 再生稻栽培模式下冬半年覆盖植被对土壤CH₄和N₂O排放的影响[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2020, 59(15): 60-65.

LYU Ze-fang, GAO Zhen-zhen, LIU Zhang-yong, JIN Tao. Effects of cover plant in winter on soil CH₄ and N₂O emission under the ratoon rice system[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2020, 59(15): 60-65.

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再生稻栽培模式下冬半年覆盖植被对土壤CH₄和N₂O排放的影响

Effects of cover plant in winter on soil CH₄ and N₂O emission under the ratoon rice system

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