湖北农业科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (20): 25-29.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.20.005

• 育种·栽培 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同断根处理对冬小麦生理特性、土壤环境及产量的影响

李娟1,2,3,4, 胡一2   

  1. 1.陕西地建土地工程技术研究院有限责任公司,西安 710075;
    2.陕西省土地工程建设集团有限责任公司,西安 710075;
    3.国土资源部退化及未利用土地整治重点实验室,西安 710075;
    4.陕西省土地整治工程技术研究中心,西安 710075
  • 收稿日期:2019-01-07 出版日期:2019-10-25 发布日期:2019-11-19
  • 作者简介:李 娟(1987-),女,陕西宝鸡人,高级工程师,博士,主要从事土地工程和土地生态研究,(电话)18591937994(电子信箱)lijuan8136@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    陕西省重点科技创新团队计划项目(2016KCT-23)

Effects of different root cutting treatments on physiological characteristics,soil environment and yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

LI Juan1,2,3,4, HU Yi2   

  1. 1.Institute of Land Engineering and Technology,Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710075,China;;
    2.Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710075,China;;
    3.Key Laboratory of Degraded and Unused Land Consolidation Engineering,The Ministry of Land and Resources,Xi’an 710075,China;;
    4.Shaanxi Provincial Land Consolidation Engineering Technology Research Center,Xi’an 710075,China;
  • Received:2019-01-07 Online:2019-10-25 Published:2019-11-19

摘要: 研究在灌浆期人工断根处理对冬小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)生理特性、土壤环境及产量的影响,设置断根深度分别为10(C1)、30(C2)、40(C3)、50 cm(C4)及不断根处理(CK)。结果表明,CK的小麦平均株高为89.86 cm,较其他处理高1.05%~2.28%,小麦根系鲜重较C1、C2、C3和C4处理分别高30.93%、14.35%、9.78%和5.77%,根系鲜干比分布范围为3.53~3.58;不同深度下,土壤养分如全氮、速效磷和速效钾含量与土壤深度存在明显的负相关,即随着深度的增加其含量减小;不同断根处理下平均叶面积指数(LAI)、光合速率(Pn)和光合有效辐射(FPAR)均随着断根深度的增加而增大,且CK表现最优,平均LAI、Pn和FPAR较其他处理增加幅度分别为25.91%~142.97%,7.77%~60.66%和4.88%~56.36%;CK平均产量较其他处理增产幅度为4.73%~22.81%,各指标与断根深度间均存在良好的对数关系,相关系数范围为0.786 0~0.971 2。断根深度增加对作物生长具有促进作用,对土壤环境作用效应不显著。

关键词: 断根, 冬小麦(Triticum aestivum L.), 生理特性, 产量

Abstract: The effects of artificial root-cutting treatment on the physiological characteristics, soil environment and yield of winter wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) during the wheat during filling stage were studied. The root-cutting depths were 10 cm (C1),30 cm (C2),40 cm (C3),50 cm (C4) and continuous root treatment (CK). The results showed that the average plant height of wheat under CK treatment was 89.86 cm, which was 1.05%~2.28% higher than other treatments. The fresh weight of root were 30.93%, 14.35%, 9.78% and 5.77% higher than C1, C2, C3 and C4 treatments, respectively. The range of fresh-dry roots ratio was 3.53~3.58. The contents of total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in different depths decreased with the increase of soil depth, showing a significant negative correlation under different root treatments. The average LAI, Pn and FPAR increased with the root-opening depth, and the control treatment CK performed best. The average LAI, average Pn and average FPAR increased by 25.91%~142.97%, 7.77%~60.66% and 4.88%~56.36%. The average yield of CK treatment was 4.73%~22.81% compared with other treatments. There was a good logarithmic relationship between each index and root depth, and the correlation coefficient ranged from 0.786 0 to 0.971 2. The increase of root depth has a promoting effect on crop growth, and the effect on soil environment is not significant.

Key words: root-cutting, winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), physiological characteristics, yield

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