关键词: 农村居民点, 最小阻力模型, 潜力评价, 引力模型, 布局优化

Abstract: The potential evaluation of rural residential areas is the basis of optimized layout, quantified ecological security level of residential area is conducive to the development of residential areas in the future. Taking the Ili river valley Qapqal xibe autonomous county（this article is referred to as "Cha county"） as the study area, combining with the characteristics of the terrain in the study area, comprehensively applying the minimum cumulative resistance model, GIS spatial analysis and analytic hierarchy process（ahp） method, based on soil and water conservation, biodiversity and scenic spot, the resistance surface to optimize ecological security was established; And by using of topography, settlement data, geographical factors, the optimized potential evaluation system of rural residential areas set up to conduct the rural residential areas potential evaluation grading Qapqal xibe autonomous county; Finally the gravity model is used to calculate gravity score in cities and towns, combing with optimized potential score and ecological security pattern of residential area, the division of residential areas was optimized. Research results showed that, when the topography is steep and nearer to the large drainage, the resistance of regional ecological security was greater, settlement optimization potential lower. Through preliminary remediation and classification, the residential areas was mainly divided into the urbanization area, the key development area, internal transformation area and migration merge area, so the optimized layout of rural residential areas could be reasonably guided, so as to provide decision support for the regulation optimization of rural residential areas.

Key words: rural residential area, the model of least resistance, potential evaluation, gravity model, layout optimization