湖北农业科学 ›› 2018, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (7): 41-43.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.07.009

• 资源·环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

低地力下施氮量对直播和移栽油菜产量和经济效益的影响

王少华1, 刘涛2, 周雄1, 任涛2, 李小坤2, 鲁剑巍2   

  1. 1.湖北省武穴市农业局,湖北 武穴 435400;
    2.华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉 430070
  • 收稿日期:2018-01-16 发布日期:2020-01-14
  • 作者简介:王少华(1971-),男,湖北武穴人,农艺师,主要从事土壤肥料与植物保护研究,(电话)15335996598(电子信箱)cxltlx@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2662017JC010); 国家油菜产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-12)

Effects of Nitrogen Application Rates on Yield and Economic Benefit of Direct-Sowing and Transplanting Rapeseed under Low Soil Fertility

WANG Shao-hua1, LIU Tao2, ZHOU Xiong1, REN Tao2, LI Xiao-kun2, LU Jian-wei2   

  1. 1.Wuxue Bureau of Agriculture,Wuxue 435400,Hubei,China;
    2.College of Resources and Environment,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China
  • Received:2018-01-16 Published:2020-01-14

摘要: 为了探究低地力下直播和移栽油菜(Brassica napus L.)氮肥施用效果和适宜施氮量,设8个施氮处理(0、45、90、135、180、225、270、360 kg/hm2),研究直播和移栽条件下施氮量对油菜产量和经济效益的影响。结果表明,低地力条件下,直播和移栽油菜不施氮处理产量分别仅为140 kg/hm2和613 kg/hm2;当施氮量分别为206.0 kg/hm2和249.2 kg/hm2时达到最高产量,最高产量分别为2 525 kg/hm2和2 899 kg/hm2。施氮显著提高了直播和移栽油菜的产值和纯收益,当施氮量超过270 kg/hm2后不再增加。相较于移栽油菜,直播油菜产值虽然平均降低了1 347元/hm2,但纯收益却增加了482元/hm2。低地力条件下,直播油菜依然能节省43.2 kg/hm2氮肥,提高纯收益最高达972元/hm2

关键词: 低地力, 油菜(Brassica napus L.), 直播, 移栽, 氮肥用量, 产量, 经济效益

Abstract: To investigate nitrogen application effects and suitable N application rate of direct-sowing and transplanting rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) under low soil fertility condition,8 different N levels (0,45,90,135,180,225,270 and 360 kg/hm2) were set,and the effects of N application rates on rapeseed yield and economic benefit were studied under direct-sowing and transplanting. The results showed that,under low soil fertility condition,the yield of direct-sowing and transplanting rapeseed without N fertilizer were only 140 kg/hm2 and 613 kg/hm2,respectively; the maximum yields were reached when N application rates were 206.0 kg/hm2 and 249.2 kg/hm2,respectively, and the maximum yields were 2 525 kg/hm2 and 2 899 kg/hm2,respectively.The output value and net profit of direct-sowing and transplanting rapeseed were significantly increased by N fertilization and no longer increased when the nitrogen application rate exceeded 270 kg/hm2. The output value of direct-sowing rapeseed decreased by 1 347 yuan/hm2 on average compared with transplanting rapeseed, but the net profit was increased by 482 CNY/hm2. Direct-sowing rape could save 43.2 kg/hm2 N fertilizer and increased net profit up to 972 CNY/hm2 under low soil fertility condition.

Key words: low soil fertility, rapeseed(Brassica napus L.), direct-sowing, transplanting, N application rate, yield, economic benefit

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